Nemobiinae is a

subfamily In biological classification, a subfamily (Latin: ', plural ') is an auxiliary (intermediate) taxonomic rank, next below family but more inclusive than genus. Standard nomenclature rules end subfamily botanical names with "-oideae", and zoologi ...

of the newly constituted

Trigonidiidae The Trigonidiidae are a family of crickets: Grylloidea consisting of two subfamilies: * Subfamily Nemobiinae Saussure, 1877 – wood crickets or ground crickets * Subfamily Trigonidiinae Trigonidiinae is a subfamily of insects in the order ...

, one of the

cricket Cricket is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of eleven players on a field at the centre of which is a pitch with a wicket at each end, each comprising two bails balanced on three stumps. The batting side scores runs by striki ...

families. The type genus is '' Nemobius'', which includes the wood cricket, but members of this subfamily may also be known as ground crickets or "pygmy field crickets".

Characteristics

Nemobiinae are typically small insects, generally less than long, and less robust than many other crickets (''e.g.'' those in the Gryllidae). The thorax is densely bristled and the abdomen is also bristly. There are four (or sometimes three) pairs of long, movable spines above the tip of the abdomen. The

ovipositor The ovipositor is a tube-like organ used by some animals, especially insects, for the laying of eggs. In insects, an ovipositor consists of a maximum of three pairs of appendages. The details and morphology of the ovipositor vary, but typical ...

varies from being long, straight and needle-like, to short, curved and sabre-like. These crickets have wings of variable lengths and are generally brown, a suitable colour for concealment among the leaf litter and plant bases where they live. They are often active during the day and can be quite common in woodland and pastureland. They are

omnivore An omnivore () is an animal that has the ability to eat and survive on both plant and animal matter. Obtaining energy and nutrients from plant and animal matter, omnivores digest carbohydrates, protein, fat, and fiber, and metabolize the nutr ...

s. There are about two hundred species worldwide.

Tribes and genera

The following tribes and genera are included in subfamily Nemobiinae in the ''Orthoptera Species File'':

Grylliscini

Auth: Gorochov 1986; central Asia * '' Grylliscus'' Tarbinsky, 1930

Marinemobiini

Auth: Gorochov 1985; East Asia, Australia * '' Apteronemobius'' Chopard, 1929 * ''

Caconemobius ''Caconemobius'' is a genus of crickets in the subfamily Nemobiinae. There are about 15 species distributed from the Pacific coasts of Asia to Hawaii, where they occur in marine environments on the shores of the Pacific Ocean.Kim, T. and J. Kim. ...

'' Kirby, 1906 * '' Eumarinemobius'' Gorochov & Tan, 2018 * ''

Marinemobius ''Marinemobius'' is a genus of insect in subfamily Nemobiinae. Taxonomy The Orthoptera Species File database lists the following species: *''Marinemobius asahinai ''Marinemobius'' is a genus of insect in subfamily Nemobiinae Nemobiinae is ...

'' Gorochov, 1985 * '' Parapteronemobius'' Furukawa, 1970

Nemobiini

(synonym: Thetellini Otte & Alexander 1983)
Auth: Saussure 1877; South America, Europe, Africa, Asia and the Pacific * ''

Amonemobius ''Amonemobius'' is a genus of cricket in the subfamily Nemobiinae. Taxonomy The Orthoptera Species File database lists the following species: *''Amonemobius vexans ''Amonemobius'' is a genus of cricket in the subfamily Nemobiinae. Taxonomy T ...

'' Otte, 1987 * '' Bobilla'' Otte & Alexander, 1983 * '' Bullita'' Gorochov, 1986 * '' Dictyonemobius'' Chopard, 1951 * '' Ignambina'' Otte, 1987 * '' Ionemobius'' Otte, 1987 * '' Koghiella'' Otte, 1987 * '' Leptonemobius'' Sjöstedt, 1917 * '' Monopteropsis'' de Mello & Jacomini, 1994 * '' Nambungia'' Otte & Alexander, 1983 * '' Narellina'' Otte, 1994 * '' Nemobius'' Serville, 1838 * '' Orintia'' Gorochov, 1986 * '' Paniella'' Otte, 1987 * ''

Paranemobius ''Paranemobius''Saussure (1877) ''Mem. Soc. Phys. Hist. Nat. Geneve'' 25(1): 231. is a genus of cricket in the subfamily Nemobiinae Nemobiinae is a subfamily of the newly constituted Trigonidiidae, one of the cricket families. The type genu ...

'' Saussure, 1877 * '' Silvinella'' Otte & Alexander, 1983 * '' Specnia'' Otte & Alexander, 1983 * '' Speonemobius'' Chopard, 1924 * '' Tahitinemobius'' Gorochov, 1986 * '' Thetella'' Otte & Alexander, 1983 * '' Tincanita'' Otte & Alexander, 1983

Pteronemobiini

Auth: Vickery, 1973, worldwide distribution * '' Allonemobius'' Hebard, 1913 * '' Amanayara'' de Mello & Jacomini, 1994 * '' Argizala'' Walker, 1869 * '' Dianemobius'' Vickery, 1973 * ''

Eunemobius ''Eunemobius'' is a genus of crickets in the family Trigonidiidae. Taxonomy The following species are recognised in the genus ''Eunemobius'': *''Eunemobius carolinus '' (Scudder, 1877) *''Eunemobius confusus '' (Blatchley, 1903) *''Eunemobius me ...

'' Hebard, 1913 * '' Kevanemobius'' Bolfarini & de Mello, 2012 * ''

Neonemobius ''Neonemobius''Hebard (1913) ''Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad.'' 65: 449. is a genus of Grylloidea, crickets in the subfamily Nemobiinae. All species are recorded from North America. Taxonomy The ''Orthoptera Species FileVe lists the following sp ...

'' Hebard, 1913 * '' Phoremia'' Desutter-Grandcolas, 1993 * '' Pictonemobius'' Vickery & Johnstone, 1970 * '' Polionemobius'' Gorochov, 1983 * ''

Pteronemobius ''Pteronemobius''Jacobson GG (1904) In: ''Jacobson, G.G. & V.L. Bianchi. Priamokrylyia i lozhnostchatokrylyia Rossiiskoi imperii'' is a genus of crickets in the subfamily Nemobiinae, with a worldwide distribution. Species The ''Orthoptera Specie ...

'' Jacobson, 1904 * '' Stenonemobius'' Gorochov, 1981

'' Incertae sedis''

* '' Absonemobius'' Desutter-Grandcolas, 1993 * †'' Baltonemobius'' Gorochov, 2010 Baltic amber, Eocene *†'' Birmaninemobius'' Xu et al., 2020 Burmese amber, Myanmar,

Cenomanian The Cenomanian is, in the ICS' geological timescale, the oldest or earliest age of the Late Cretaceous Epoch or the lowest stage of the Upper Cretaceous Series. An age is a unit of geochronology; it is a unit of time; the stage is a unit in the s ...

* '' Calperum'' Rentz & Su, 1996 * '' Cophonemobius'' Chopard, 1929 * '' Cophoscottia'' Chopard, 1951 * '' Homonemobius'' Chopard, 1935 * '' Hygronemobius'' Hebard, 1913 * '' Kanakinemobius'' Desutter-Grandcolas, 2016 *†'' Liaonemobius'' Ren 1998 Yixian Formation, China,

Aptian The Aptian is an age in the geologic timescale or a stage in the stratigraphic column. It is a subdivision of the Early or Lower Cretaceous Epoch or Series and encompasses the time from 121.4 ± 1.0 Ma to 113.0 ± 1.0 Ma (million years ago), a ...

* '' Micronemobius'' Ingrisch, 1987 * '' Ngamarlanguia'' Rentz & Su, 1996 * '' Paora'' Gorochov, 1986 * '' Pineronemobius'' Yong, 2018 * '' Scottiola'' Uvarov, 1940 * '' Sudanicus'' Werner, 1913 * '' Tahitina'' Hebard, 1935 * '' Taiwanemobius'' Yang & Chang, 1996 * '' Territirritia'' Rentz & Su, 1996 * '' Zucchiella'' de Mello, 1990

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q2446002 Orthoptera subfamilies Trigonidiidae