Grisa nera is a red
Italian wine
Italian wine is produced in every region of Italy. Italy is the world's largest producer of wine, with an area of under vineyard cultivation, and contributing a 2013–2017 annual average of 48.3 million hl of wine. In 2018 Italy accounted for ...
grape variety
This list of grape varieties includes cultivated grapes, whether used for wine, or eating as a table grape, fresh or dried (raisin, currant, sultana). For a complete list of all grape species including those unimportant to agriculture, see Viti ...
that is grown in the
Piedmont wine
Piemonte wine is the range of Italian wines made in the region of Piedmont in the northwestern corner of Italy.
The best-known wines from the region include Barolo and Barbaresco. They are made from the Nebbiolo grape. These wines are ideal for ...
region of northwest Italy where it is used in both
winemaking
Winemaking or vinification is the production of wine, starting with the selection of the fruit, its fermentation into alcohol, and the bottling of the finished liquid. The history of wine-making stretches over millennia. The science of wine and ...
and as a
table grape
Table grapes are grapes intended for consumption while fresh, as opposed to grapes grown for wine production, juice production, or for drying into raisins.
''Vitis vinifera'' table grapes can be in the form of either seeded or non-seeded varieta ...
. The grape is most often used as a minor blending component with wines made from
Barbera
Barbera is a red Italian wine grape variety that, as of 2000, was the third most-planted red grape variety in Italy (after Sangiovese and Montepulciano). It produces good yields and is known for deep color, full body, low tannins and high levels ...
,
Neretta Cuneese and
Plassa.
[J. Robinson, J. Harding and J. Vouillamoz ''Wine Grapes - A complete guide to 1,368 vine varieties, including their origins and flavours'' pg 441 Allen Lane 2012 ]
History
![Map of region of Piedmont, Italy, with provinces-en](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4f/Map_of_region_of_Piedmont%2C_Italy%2C_with_provinces-en.svg)
In the early 21st century,
DNA profiling
DNA profiling (also called DNA fingerprinting) is the process of determining an individual's DNA characteristics. DNA analysis intended to identify a species, rather than an individual, is called DNA barcoding.
DNA profiling is a forensic tec ...
showed that Grisa nera had a parent-offspring relationship with another red Piedmontese wine grape,
Avarengo
Avarengo is a red Italian wine grape variety that is grown in the Piedmont wine region of northwest Italy where it is a permitted blending component in the ''Denominazione di origine controllata'' (DOC) wines of Pinerolese. Here the grape is usuall ...
, though it is not yet known which grape is the parent and which is the offspring. However, this strong relationship between two grapes that are grown almost exclusively in the Piedmont region strongly suggest that both varieties are native to Piedmont.
Viticulture
Grisa nera is a
mid to late ripening variety that is used for both wine and table grape production. The vine can be very vigorous, producing large foliage but often has low fertility and is generally
low yielding. While Grisa nera has good resistance to most fungal diseases, such as
downy
Downy, also known as Lenor in Europe, Russia and Japan, is a brand of fabric softener produced by Procter & Gamble that was introduced in 1960.
Lenor is a brand name of fabric softener and dryer sheets, also produced by P&G, sold in Europe, Russi ...
and
powdery mildew
Powdery mildew is a fungal disease that affects a wide range of plants. Powdery mildew diseases are caused by many different species of ascomycete fungi in the order Erysiphales. Powdery mildew is one of the easier plant diseases to identify, as ...
, it is susceptible to the
viticultural hazard
This is a list of diseases of grapes (''Vitis'' spp.).
Bacterial diseases
Fungal diseases
Miscellaneous diseases and disorders
Nematodes, parasitic
Phytoplasma, virus and viruslike diseases
See also
*'' Ampeloglypter ater''
*'' Am ...
of
coulure
Coulure (pronounced coo-LYUR) is a viticultural hazard that is the result of metabolic reactions to weather conditions that causes a failure of grapes to develop after flowering (vine), flowering. In English the word ''shatter'' is sometimes used. ...
.
Wine regions
![Panorama dal Castello di Grinzane Cavour](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/49/Panorama_dal_Castello_di_Grinzane_Cavour.jpg)
Grisa nera is almost exclusively found in the foothills of the
Alps
The Alps () ; german: Alpen ; it, Alpi ; rm, Alps ; sl, Alpe . are the highest and most extensive mountain range system that lies entirely in Europe, stretching approximately across seven Alpine countries (from west to east): France, Sw ...
in the Piedmont wine region of Italy. Here it is grown around the town of
Pinerolo
Pinerolo (; pms, Pinareul ; french: Pignerol; oc, Pineròl) is a town and ''comune'' in the Metropolitan City of Turin, Piedmont, northwestern Italy, southwest of Turin on the river Chisone. The Lemina torrent has its source at the boundary be ...
in the
province of Turin
The former Province of Turin ( it, Provincia di Torino; pms, Provinsa ëd Turin; french: Province de Turin) was a province in the Piedmont region of Italy. Its capital was the city of Turin. The province existed until 31 December 2014, when it wa ...
and along the lower reaches of the
Susa Valley
The Susa Valley ( it, Val di Susa; pms, Valsusa; french: Val de Suse; oc, Val d'Ors) is a valley in the Metropolitan City of Turin, Piedmont region of northern Italy, located between the Graian Alps in the north and the Cottian Alps in the sou ...
. A few plantings of Grisa nera can also be found in the
province of Cuneo
Cuneo (Italian), or Coni (Piedmontese), is a province in the southwest of the Piedmont region of Italy. To the west it borders on the French region of Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur ( departments of Alpes-Maritimes, Alpes-de-Haute-Provence and Haut ...
. Throughout Piedmont, the grape is most often found in the
field blends
Viticulture (from the Latin word for ''vine'') or winegrowing (wine growing) is the cultivation and harvesting of grapes. It is a branch of the science of horticulture. While the native territory of ''Vitis vinifera'', the common grape vine, ran ...
in the vineyard and in the winery is often blended with other local Piedmontese wine grapes including Barbera, Neretta Cuneese and Barbera.
Synonyms
Over the years, Grisa nera has been known under a variety of synonyms including: Bigia, Grigia, Grisa, Grisa di Cumiana (in Pinerolo) and Uva Bigia.
Vitis International Variety Catalogue
The Vitis International Variety Catalogue (VIVC) is a database of various species and varieties/cultivars of grapevine, the genus ''Vitis''. VIVC is administered by the Geilweilerhof Institute for Grape Breeding (''Institut für Rebenzüchtung Gei ...
(VIVC)
Grisa nera
'' Accessed: June 2nd, 2013
References
{{reflist
Red wine grape varieties