Grenade (;
Languedocien
Languedocien (French name, ), Languedocian or Lengadocian (), is an Occitan dialect spoken in rural parts of southern France such as Languedoc, Rouergue, Quercy, Agenais and Southern Périgord. It is sometimes also called Languedocien-Guyennai ...
: ''Granada''), also referred to as Grenade-sur-Garonne, is a
commune
A commune is an alternative term for an intentional community. Commune or comună or comune or other derivations may also refer to:
Administrative-territorial entities
* Commune (administrative division), a municipality or township
** Communes of ...
in the
Haute-Garonne
Haute-Garonne (; oc, Nauta Garona, ; en, Upper Garonne) is a department in the Occitanie region of Southwestern France. Named after the river Garonne, which flows through the department. Its prefecture and main city is Toulouse, the country' ...
department in southwestern
France
France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. Its metropolitan area ...
.
History
The town is a
bastide
Bastides are fortified new towns built in medieval Languedoc, Gascony, Aquitaine, England and Wales during the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, although some authorities count Mont-de-Marsan and Montauban, which was founded in 1144, as the fir ...
founded in the 1290s on the initiative of the Cistercian monks of the
Abbey of Grandselve who had founded
Beaumont-de-Lomagne ten years earlier. The city is the subject of a ''
paréage'' agreement between the monks and the seneschal
Eustache de Beaumarchais
Eustache de Beaumarchais (''c''. 1235 – 23 August 1294) was a French baron and military leader who served as seneschal of the County of Poitou (1268–76) and the County of Toulouse (1272–94). He took part in the War of the Navarrería in 12 ...
representing King
Philip IV. The new bastides created at this time are baptized with the names of large influential cities of the time, from Spain or Italy , such as Fleurance (
Florence
Florence ( ; it, Firenze ) is a city in Central Italy and the capital city of the Tuscany Regions of Italy, region. It is the most populated city in Tuscany, with 383,083 inhabitants in 2016, and over 1,520,000 in its metropolitan area.Bilan ...
), or
Cologne
Cologne ( ; german: Köln ; ksh, Kölle ) is the largest city of the German western state of North Rhine-Westphalia (NRW) and the fourth-most populous city of Germany with 1.1 million inhabitants in the city proper and 3.6 millio ...
. Grenada is therefore called so to show that it is destined to be an influential city in the South West of France. It has also been suggested that Granada comes from the Latin Granat - meaning grain - as the region was noted for its agriculture. Later, when the king had regained control of the different regions of the South-West, a “network” of bastides was created. Under this royal protection, Granada prospered thanks to the cultivation of the cleared plains around it. Moreover, the initial plan of the city provided for more than 3,000 dwellings, but only 1,000 were built.
Population
Monuments
Grenade - Hotel de ville.jpg, Town hall
Grenade - Halle - Exterieur.jpg, Market hall
31 - Grenade (Haute-Garonne) - Monument aux Morts.jpg, War memorial
Église Notre-Dame de l'Assomption (Grenade) Portail - face.jpg, Church portal
Église Notre-Dame de l'Assomption (Grenade) interieur.jpg, Church interior
Grenade - Couvent des Ursulines.jpg, Convent
See also
*
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department
*
Save (Garonne)
The Save (; oc, Sava) is a 144 km long river in southern France, left tributary of the Garonne. Its source is in the northern foothills of the Pyrenees, south of Lannemezan. It flows north-east through the following ''départements'' and citi ...
References
Communes of Haute-Garonne
Populated places established in the 1290s
{{HauteGaronne-geo-stub