Gregory Callimachi ( el, Γρηγόριος Καλλιμάχης, ro, Grigore Callimachi; 1735 – 9 September 1769) was a

Phanariote Phanariots, Phanariotes, or Fanariots ( el, Φαναριώτες, ro, Fanarioți, tr, Fenerliler) were members of prominent Greek families in Phanar (Φανάρι, modern ''Fener''), the chief Greek quarter of Constantinople where the Ecumeni ...

who served as

Prince of Moldavia This is a list of rulers of Moldavia, from the first mention of the medieval polity east of the Carpathians and until its disestablishment in 1862, when it united with Wallachia, the other Danubian Principality, to form the modern-day state of Ro ...

from 1761 to 1764, and 1767 to 1769.

Origin

Gregory Callimachi was the son of the

Grand Dragoman The Dragoman of the Sublime Porte ( Ottoman Turkish: ; el, �έγαςδιερμηνέας της Υψηλής Πύλης), Dragoman of the Imperial Council (''tercümân-ı dîvân-ı hümâyûn''), or simply Grand or Chief Dragoman (''tercümân ...

, and then

, John Theodore Callimachi, and Ralitsa Chrysoskoleos. He became

hospodar of Moldavia This is a list of monarchs of Moldavia, from the first mention of the medieval polity east of the Carpathians and until its disestablishment in 1862, when it united with Wallachia, the other Danubian Principality, to form the modern-day state of ...

as successor of his father in May 1761. Replaced by

Grigore III Ghica Grigore III Ghica (1724 – 12 October 1777) was twice the Prince of Moldavia between 29 March 1764 – 3 February 1767 and September 1774 – 10 October 1777 and of Wallachia: 28 October 1768 – November 1769. Biography He was the son of Alex ...

in March 1764, he returned to his throne in January 1767.

Reign

It was the Russo-Turkish War of 1768-1774 that led to an untimely death: accused of collusion with the Russian Empire, he was deposed in June 1769 and sent to Istanbul where he was tried and sentenced to death for treason with the Grand Dragoman Nicolas Soutzo and the Grand Vizier Yağlıkçızade Mehmed Emin Pasha. In September 1769, Callimachi is tied up and his decapitated head is exposed to the Bâb-ı Hümâyûn, that is to say to the outer door of the

Topkapı Palace The Topkapı Palace ( tr, Topkapı Sarayı; ota, طوپقپو سرايى, ṭopḳapu sarāyı, lit=cannon gate palace), or the Seraglio A seraglio, serail, seray or saray (from fa, سرای, sarāy, palace, via Turkish and Italian) i ...

, with a yafta (explanatory notice) specifying his crimes.

Family

Gregory Callimachi married Helena Mavrocordatos, from whom he had two children: * Smaragda, wife in 1788 of

Alexander Hangerli Alexander Hangerli or Handjeri ( el, Αλέξανδρος Χαντζερής, french: Alexandre Handjeri, ro, Alexandru Hangerli or ''Hangerliu'', Russian: Александр Ханжерли, ''Aleksandr Hanzherli'', Александр Ханг� ...

, hospodar of Moldavia. * Mariora (1762-1822), wife of the logothete Grigore Sturdza, of whom she had

Mihail Sturdza Mihail Sturdza (24 April 1794, Iași – 8 May 1884, Paris), sometimes anglicized as Michael Stourdza, was prince of Moldavia from 1834 to 1849. He was cousin of Roxandra Sturdza and Alexandru Sturdza. Biography He was son of Grigore Sturdza, se ...

, future prince of Moldavia.

Sources

Alexandru Dimitrie Xenopol Alexandru Dimitrie Xenopol (; March 23, 1847, Iaşi – February 27, 1920, Bucharest) was a Romanian historian, philosopher, professor, economist, sociologist, and author. Among his many major accomplishments, he is the Romanian historian cred ...

''Histoire des Roumains de la Dacie trajane : Depuis les origines jusqu'à l'union des principautés''. E Leroux Paris (1896) *

Nicolas Iorga Nicolae Iorga (; sometimes Neculai Iorga, Nicolas Jorga, Nicolai Jorga or Nicola Jorga, born Nicu N. Iorga;Iova, p. xxvii. 17 January 1871 – 27 November 1940) was a Romanian historian, politician, literary critic, memoirist, Albanologist, poet ...

''Histoire des Roumains et de la romanité orientale''. (1920) * Constantin C. Giurescu & Dinu C. Giurescu, ''Istoria Românilor'' Volume III (depuis 1606), éd. Ştiinţifică şi Enciclopedică, Bucarest, 1977. * Matei Cazacu, chapitre ''La mort infâme'' dans ''Les Ottomans et la mort'' de Gilles Veinstein 1996, . * Joëlle Dalegre ''Grecs et Ottomans 1453-1923. De la chute de Constantinople à la fin de l’Empire Ottoman'', L’Harmattan 2002, . * Jean Nouzille ''La Moldavie, Histoire tragique d'une région européenne'', éd. Bieler 2004, . * Traian Sandu, ''Histoire de la Roumanie'', éd. Perrin 2008. Rulers of Moldavia 1735 births 1769 deaths Gregory 18th-century people from the Ottoman Empire 18th-century Romanian people {{Romania-bio-stub