''Grapholita'' is a large
genus of
tortrix moths (
family Tortricidae). It belongs to
subfamily
In biological classification, a subfamily (Latin: ', plural ') is an auxiliary (intermediate) taxonomic rank, next below family but more inclusive than genus. Standard nomenclature rules end subfamily botanical names with "-oideae", and zoologi ...
Olethreutinae
Olethreutinae is a subfamily of moths in the family Tortricidae.
Genera ''incertae sedis''
This tortricine genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms a ...
, and therein to the
tribe Grapholitini, of which it is the
type genus.
[Baixeras et al. (2009a)]
Taxonomy and systematics
Georg Friedrich Treitschke established ''Grapholita'' in 1829 – in the 7th volume of ''Schmetterlinge von Europa'', with a
type species he claimed to be "''Pyralis dorsana''", a
taxon established by
Johan Christian Fabricius in his 1775 ''Systema Entomologiae''. But Treitschke was misled by
Jacob Hübner
Jacob Hübner (20 June 1761 – 13 September 1826, in Augsburg) was a German entomologist. He was the author of ''Sammlung Europäischer Schmetterlinge'' (1796–1805), a founding work of entomology.
Scientific career
Hübner was the author of '' ...
's misidentification of Fabricius' moth.
The actual ''P. dorsana'' is today known as ''
Dichrorampha petiverella
''Dichrorampha petiverella'' is a moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in the Palearctic realm.
The wingspan is 10–13 mm. The forewings are dark fuscous, posteriorly irrorated with pale orange ochreous. The costa is posteriorly str ...
'', as it had already been described by
Carl Linnaeus in his
1758
Events
January–March
* January 1 – Swedish biologist Carl Linnaeus (Carl von Linné) publishes in Stockholm the first volume (''Animalia'') of the 10th edition of Systema Naturae, 10th edition of ''Systema Naturae'', the sta ...
edition of ''
Systema Naturae
' (originally in Latin written ' with the ligature æ) is one of the major works of the Swedish botanist, zoologist and physician Carl Linnaeus (1707–1778) and introduced the Linnaean taxonomy. Although the system, now known as binomial nomen ...
'' as ''Phalaena'' (''Tinea'') ''petiverella''. The "''Pyralis dorsana''" of Hübner and Treitschke was subsequently identified as the species described as ''Tortrix lunulana'' by
Michael Denis and
Ignaz Schiffermüller in 1775, which thus is today ''
Grapholita lunulana
''Grapholita lunulana'' is a moth belonging to the family Tortricidae. The species was first described by Michael Denis and Ignaz Schiffermüller in 1775.
It is native to Europe and Northern America.
The wingspan is 12–17 mm. The forewing ha ...
''.
Species
''Grapholita'' currently has 126 recognised
species, though the genus' distinctness from and delimitation against ''
Cydia'' is in need of further study:
[Baixeras et al. (2009b)]
* ''
Grapholita amictana
''Grapholita'' is a large genus of tortrix moths (family Tortricidae). It belongs to subfamily Olethreutinae, and therein to the tribe Grapholitini, of which it is the type genus.Baixeras et al. (2009a)
Taxonomy and systematics
Georg Friedri ...
''
(Felder & Rogenhofer, 1875)
* ''
Grapholita amphitorna
''Grapholita amphitorna'' is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Australia, where it has been recorded from Queensland.
The wingspan
The wingspan (or just span) of a bird or an airplane is the distance from one wing ...
''
(Turner, 1916)
* ''
Grapholita andabatana
''Grapholita andabatana'' is a moth of the family Tortricidae. It was described by Niels Laue Wolff in 1957. It is found in Denmark, France, Switzerland, Austria, Italy, Slovakia, Poland and Russia.
The wingspan is 10–12 mm. Adults are on ...
''
[Sometimes placed in '' Cydia'': see e.g. references in Savela (2005a)] (Wolff, 1957)
* ''
Grapholita angleseana
''Grapholita'' is a large genus of tortrix moths (family Tortricidae). It belongs to subfamily Olethreutinae, and therein to the tribe Grapholitini, of which it is the type genus.Baixeras et al. (2009a)
Taxonomy and systematics
Georg Friedri ...
''
(Kearfott, 1907)
* ''
Grapholita antitheta
''Grapholita'' is a large genus of tortrix moths (family Tortricidae). It belongs to subfamily Olethreutinae, and therein to the tribe Grapholitini, of which it is the type genus.Baixeras et al. (2009a)
Taxonomy and systematics
Georg Friedrich ...
''
(Meyrick, 1911)
* ''
Grapholita arcia''
Diakonoff, 1988
* ''
Grapholita arcuatana''
Kuznetzov, 1992
* ''
Grapholita astrapephora''
Diakonoff, 1976
* ''
Grapholita aureolana''
* ''
Grapholita auroscriptana
''Grapholita'' is a large genus of tortrix moths (family Tortricidae). It belongs to subfamily Olethreutinae, and therein to the tribe Grapholitini, of which it is the type genus.Baixeras et al. (2009a)
Taxonomy and systematics
Georg Friedri ...
''
Caradja, 1916
* ''
Grapholita bigeminata
''Grapholita'' is a large genus of tortrix moths (family Tortricidae). It belongs to subfamily Olethreutinae, and therein to the tribe Grapholitini, of which it is the type genus.Baixeras et al. (2009a)
Taxonomy and systematics
Georg Friedri ...
''
(Meyrick in Caradja & Meyrick, 1935)
* ''
Grapholita biserialis''
(Meyrick in Caradja & Meyrick, 1935)
* ''
Grapholita boulderana''
McDunnough, 1942
* ''
Grapholita caecana''
* ''
Grapholita caeruleana''
Walsingham, 1879
* ''
Grapholita callisphena''
(Meyrick, 1907)
* ''
Grapholita caudicula''
Diakonoff, 1975
* ''
Grapholita cerasivora''
(Matsumura, 1917)
* ''
Grapholita chrysacrotoma''
Diakonoff, 1976
* ''
Grapholita comanticosta''
Kuznetzov, 1988
* ''
Grapholita compositella''
– clover seed moth
* ''
Grapholita conficitana''
(Walker, 1863)
* ''
Grapholita conversana''
Walsingham, 1879
* ''
Grapholita coronillana''
* ''
Grapholita cotoneastri
''Grapholita'' is a large genus of tortrix moths (family Tortricidae). It belongs to subfamily Olethreutinae, and therein to the tribe Grapholitini, of which it is the type genus.Baixeras et al. (2009a)
Taxonomy and systematics
Georg Friedri ...
''
Danilevsky in Danilevsky & Kuznetsov, 1968
* ''
Grapholita curviphalla''
Liu & Yan, 1998
* ''
Grapholita cyanogona
''Grapholita'' is a large genus of tortrix moths (family Tortricidae). It belongs to subfamily Olethreutinae, and therein to the tribe Grapholitini, of which it is the type genus.Baixeras et al. (2009a)
Taxonomy and systematics
Georg Friedri ...
''
(Meyrick, 1907)
* ''
Grapholita dactyla''
Liu & Yan, 1998
* ''
Grapholita decolorana''
Walker, 1863
* ''
Grapholita delineana
''Grapholita delineana'', known generally as Eurasian hemp moth, is a species of tortricid moth in the family Tortricidae. Other common names include the hemp moth and hemp borer.
The MONA or Hodges number for ''Grapholita delineana'' is 3443. ...
''
* ''
Grapholita diaphorotorna
''Grapholita'' is a large genus of tortrix moths (family Tortricidae). It belongs to subfamily Olethreutinae, and therein to the tribe Grapholitini, of which it is the type genus.Baixeras et al. (2009a)
Taxonomy and systematics
Georg Friedri ...
''
Diakonoff, 1983
* ''
Grapholita difficilana''
* ''
Grapholita dilectabilis''
Kuznetzov, 1972
* ''
Grapholita dimorpha''
Komai, 1979
* ''
Grapholita discretana''
* ''
Grapholita dohrniana''
Zeller, 1863
* ''
Grapholita dyarana''
(Kearfott, 1907)
* ''
Grapholita dysaethria''
Diakonoff, 1982
* ''
Grapholita eclipsana''
Zeller, 1875
* ''
Grapholita edwardsiana''
(Kearfott, 1907)
* ''
Grapholita endrosias
''Grapholita'' is a large genus of tortrix moths (family Tortricidae). It belongs to subfamily Olethreutinae, and therein to the tribe Grapholitini, of which it is the type genus.Baixeras et al. (2009a)
Taxonomy and systematics
Georg Friedri ...
''
(Meyrick, 1907)
* ''
Grapholita exigua''
Kuznetzov, 1972
* ''
Grapholita fana''
(Kearfott, 1907)
* ''
Grapholita fimana
''Grapholita'' is a large genus of tortrix moths (family Tortricidae). It belongs to subfamily Olethreutinae, and therein to the tribe Grapholitini, of which it is the type genus.Baixeras et al. (2009a)
Taxonomy and systematics
Georg Friedri ...
''
Snellen, 1883
* ''
Grapholita fissana''
* ''
Grapholita fistularis''
(Meyrick, 1928)
* ''
Grapholita floricolana
''Grapholita'' is a large genus of tortrix moths (family Tortricidae). It belongs to subfamily Olethreutinae, and therein to the tribe Grapholitini, of which it is the type genus.Baixeras et al. (2009a)
Taxonomy and systematics
Georg Friedri ...
''
(Meyrick, 1881)
* ''
Grapholita funebrana
''Grapholita funebrana'', the plum fruit moth or red plum maggot, is a moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in the Palearctic realm. Like many of its congeners, it is sometimes placed in ''Cydia''.
The wingspan is 10–15 mm. The f ...
''
– plum fruit moth
* ''
Grapholita geministriata''
(Walsingham, 1900)
* ''
Grapholita gemmiferana''
* ''
Grapholita globella''
Liu & Yan, 1998
* ''
Grapholita globovalva''
Liu & Yan, 1998
* ''
Grapholita glycyrrhizana''
* ''
Grapholita gypsothicta
''Grapholita gypsothicta'' is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in the Democratic Republic of Congo
The Democratic Republic of the Congo (french: République démocratique du Congo (RDC), colloquially "La RDC" ), i ...
''
(Meyrick, 1938)
* ''
Grapholita hamatana''
Kennel, 1901
* ''
Grapholita heptatoma''
Diakonoff, 1976
* ''
Grapholita hieroglyphana''
Blanchard & Knudson, 1984
* ''
Grapholita hyalitis''
(Meyrick, 1909)
* ''
Grapholita hylophanes
''Grapholita'' is a large genus of tortrix moths (family Tortricidae). It belongs to subfamily Olethreutinae, and therein to the tribe Grapholitini, of which it is the type genus.Baixeras et al. (2009a)
Taxonomy and systematics
Georg Friedri ...
''
(Meyrick, 1928)
* ''
Grapholita hymenosa
''Grapholita hymenosa'' is a moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Nigeria.
The wingspan is about 12 mm. The ground colour of the forewings is orange yellow, sprinkled and strigulated with greyish brown. The costal strigulae are cre ...
''
Razowski, 2013
* ''
Grapholita imitativa''
Heinrich, 1926
* ''
Grapholita inopinata
''Grapholita'' is a large genus of tortrix moths (family Tortricidae). It belongs to subfamily Olethreutinae, and therein to the tribe Grapholitini, of which it is the type genus.Baixeras et al. (2009a)
Taxonomy and systematics
Georg Friedri ...
''
Heinrich, 1928
* ''
Grapholita internana''
* ''
Grapholita interstinctana''
(Clemens, 1860)
* ''
Grapholita iridescens''
(Meyrick, 1881)
* ''
Grapholita isacma''
(Meyrick, 1907)
* ''
Grapholita janthinana''
* ''
Grapholita jesonica''
(Matsumura, 1931)
* ''
Grapholita jucundata
''Grapholita'' is a large genus of tortrix moths (family Tortricidae). It belongs to subfamily Olethreutinae, and therein to the tribe Grapholitini, of which it is the type genus.Baixeras et al. (2009a)
Taxonomy and systematics
Georg Friedri ...
''
Kuznetzov, 1971
* ''
Grapholita junctistrigana''
(Walsingham, 1900)
* ''
Grapholita jungiella''
* ''
Grapholita komaii
''Grapholita'' is a large genus of tortrix moths (family Tortricidae). It belongs to subfamily Olethreutinae, and therein to the tribe Grapholitini, of which it is the type genus.Baixeras et al. (2009a)
Taxonomy and systematics
Georg Friedri ...
''
Rose & Pooni, 2003
* ''
Grapholita kurilana''
Kuznetzov, 1976
* ''
Grapholita lana''
(Kearfott, 1907)
* ''
Grapholita larseni''
* ''
Grapholita latens''
Kuznetzov, 1972
* ''
Grapholita latericia''
Komai, 1999
* ''
Grapholita lathyrana''
813
Events
By place
Byzantine Empire
* June 22 – Battle of Versinikia: The Bulgars, led by Krum, ruler (''khan'') of the Bulgarian Empire, defeat Emperor Michael I near Edirne (modern Turkey). The Byzantine army (26,000 men) is d ...
!-- "1826"? -->)
* ''
Grapholita libertina''
Heinrich, 1926
* ''
Grapholita limbata''
Diakonoff, 1969
* ''
Grapholita lobarzewskii''
* ''
Grapholita lunatana''
Walsingham, 1879
* ''
Grapholita lunulana
''Grapholita lunulana'' is a moth belonging to the family Tortricidae. The species was first described by Michael Denis and Ignaz Schiffermüller in 1775.
It is native to Europe and Northern America.
The wingspan is 12–17 mm. The forewing ha ...
''
* ''
Grapholita macrodrilus''
Diakonoff, 1984
* ''
Grapholita melicrossis''
(Meyrick, 1932)
* ''
Grapholita mesoscia
''Grapholita'' is a large genus of tortrix moths (family Tortricidae). It belongs to subfamily Olethreutinae, and therein to the tribe Grapholitini, of which it is the type genus.Baixeras et al. (2009a)
Taxonomy and systematics
Georg Friedri ...
''
Diakonoff, 1969
* ''
Grapholita miranda''
(Meyrick, 1911)
* ''
Grapholita molesta
''Grapholita molesta'', the oriental fruit moth or peach moth, is a moth of the family Tortricidae. It is native to China, but was introduced to Japan and North America and is now also found throughout of Europe, Asia and South America and in Ha ...
''
– Oriental fruit moth, peach moth
* ''
Grapholita namatophora''
Diakonoff, 1976
* ''
Grapholita nebritana''
* ''
Grapholita nigrostriana''
* ''
Grapholita nucleana''
Felder & Rogenhofer, 1875
* ''
Grapholita obliqua
''Grapholita obliqua'' is a moth of the family Tortricidae first described by Alexey Diakonoff in 1982. It is found in Sri Lanka.
Description
Females have a wingspan of . The moths have a creamy-white head. The antennae are a light grey brown ...
''
Diakonoff, 1982
* ''
Grapholita okui''
Komai, 1999
* ''
Grapholita omittana''
Kuznetzov, 1988
* ''
Grapholita optica''
(Meyrick, 1912)
* ''
Grapholita opulentica''
Kuznetzov, 1992
* ''
Grapholita orbiapex''
Kuznetzov, 1988
* ''
Grapholita orobana
''Grapholita orobana'' is a moth belonging to the family Tortricidae. The species was first described by Georg Friedrich Treitschke in 1830. It is native to the Palearctic
The Palearctic or Palaearctic is the largest of the eight biogeogr ...
''
* ''
Grapholita packardi
''Grapholita'' is a large genus of tortrix moths (family Tortricidae). It belongs to subfamily Olethreutinae, and therein to the tribe Grapholitini, of which it is the type genus.Baixeras et al. (2009a)
Taxonomy and systematics
Georg Friedri ...
''
Zeller, 1875
* ''
Grapholita pagenstecheri''
Bradley, 1961
* ''
Grapholita pallifrontana''
* ''
Grapholita parvisignana''
(Meyrick, 1881)
* ''
Grapholita patens''
Kuznetzov, 1971
* ''
Grapholita pavonana''
(Walsingham, 1900)
* ''
Grapholita prolopha''
(Meyrick, 1912)
* ''
Grapholita prunivora''
(Walsh, 1868)
* ''
Grapholita pycnograpta
''Grapholita'' is a large genus of tortrix moths (family Tortricidae). It belongs to subfamily Olethreutinae, and therein to the tribe Grapholitini, of which it is the type genus.Baixeras et al. (2009a)
Taxonomy and systematics
Georg Friedri ...
''
(Meyrick, 1936)
* ''
Grapholita rhabdotacra''
Diakonoff, 1969
* ''
Grapholita rosana''
Danilevsky in Danilevsky & Kuznetsov, 1968
* ''
Grapholita schizodelta''
Diakonoff, 1982
* ''
Grapholita scintillana''
Christoph, 1882
* ''
Grapholita seclusana
''Grapholita'' is a large genus of tortrix moths (family Tortricidae). It belongs to subfamily Olethreutinae, and therein to the tribe Grapholitini, of which it is the type genus.Baixeras et al. (2009a)
Taxonomy and systematics
Georg Friedri ...
''
(Walker, 1866)
* ''
Grapholita semifusca''
Kuznetzov in Danilevsky & Kuznetsov, 1968
* ''
Grapholita shadawana
''Grapholita'' is a large genus of tortrix moths (family Tortricidae). It belongs to subfamily Olethreutinae, and therein to the tribe Grapholitini, of which it is the type genus.Baixeras et al. (2009a)
Taxonomy and systematics
Georg Friedri ...
''
Liu & Chen, 2000
* ''
Grapholita siderocosma
''Grapholita'' is a large genus of tortrix moths (family Tortricidae). It belongs to subfamily Olethreutinae, and therein to the tribe Grapholitini, of which it is the type genus.Baixeras et al. (2009a)
Taxonomy and systematics
Georg Friedri ...
''
Diakonoff, 1978
* ''
Grapholita sporosema''
(Meyrick, 1922)
* ''
Grapholita steringus
''Grapholita'' is a large genus of tortrix moths (family Tortricidae). It belongs to subfamily Olethreutinae, and therein to the tribe Grapholitini, of which it is the type genus.Baixeras et al. (2009a)
Taxonomy and systematics
Georg Friedri ...
''
Diakonoff, 1983
* ''
Grapholita tenebrosana''
* ''
Grapholita tetrazancla
''Grapholita'' is a large genus of tortrix moths (family Tortricidae). It belongs to subfamily Olethreutinae, and therein to the tribe Grapholitini, of which it is the type genus.Baixeras et al. (2009a)
Taxonomy and systematics
Georg Friedri ...
''
(Turner, 1925)
* ''
Grapholita thermopsidis''
Eiseman & Austin, 2020
* ''
Grapholita tornosticha''
(Turner, 1946)
* ''
Grapholita torodetta''
(Meyrick, 1914)
* ''
Grapholita tricyanitis
''Grapholita'' is a large genus of tortrix moths (family Tortricidae). It belongs to subfamily Olethreutinae, and therein to the tribe Grapholitini, of which it is the type genus.Baixeras et al. (2009a)
Taxonomy and systematics
Georg Friedri ...
''
Dianokoff, 1976
* ''
Grapholita tristriatana''
Pagenstecher, 1900
* ''
Grapholita tristrigana''
(Clemens, 1865)
* ''
Grapholita valens''
Kuznetzov, 1988
* ''
Grapholita vitrana''
Walsingham, 1879
* ''
Grapholita yasudai''
Komai, 1999
* ''
Grapholita zapyrana''
(Meyrick, 1881)
* ''
Grapholita zariae''
Razowski, 2013
Synonyms
Obsolete
scientific name
In taxonomy, binomial nomenclature ("two-term naming system"), also called nomenclature ("two-name naming system") or binary nomenclature, is a formal system of naming species of living things by giving each a name composed of two parts, bot ...
s (
junior synonym
The Botanical and Zoological Codes of nomenclature treat the concept of synonymy differently.
* In botanical nomenclature, a synonym is a scientific name that applies to a taxon that (now) goes by a different scientific name. For example, Linna ...
s and others) of ''Grapholita'' are:
[Baixeras et al. (2009a), and see references in Savela (2005b)]
* ''Aspila''
Stephens, 1834
* ''Coptoloma''
Lederer, 1859
* ''Ebisma''
Walker, 1866
* ''Endopisa''
Guenée, 1845
* ''Endopsia''
('' lapsus'')
* ''Endopiza''
(''lapsus'')
* ''Ephippiophora''
(''lapsus'')
* ''Ephippiphora''
Duponchel, 1834
* ''Eudopisa''
(''lapsus'')
* ''Euspila''
Stephens, 1834
* ''Grapholitha''
Treitschke, 1830 (unjustified emendation)
* ''Grapholltha''
(''lapsus'')
* ''Opadia''
Guenée, 1845
* ''Stigmonota''
Guenée, 1845
Footnotes
References
* (2009a)
Online World Catalogue of the Tortricidae&ndash
Genus ''Grapholita'' account Version 1.3.1. Retrieved 20 January 2009.
* (2009b)
Online World Catalogue of the Tortricidae&ndash
''Grapholita'' species list Version 1.3.1. Retrieved 20 January 2009.
* (2009c)
Online World Catalogue of the Tortricidae&ndash
''Dichrorampha petiverella'' Version 1.3.1. Retrieved 19 April 2009.
* (2005a): Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms &ndash
Version of 13 September 2005. Retrieved 19 April 2010.
* (2005b): Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms &ndash
Version of 13 September 2005. Retrieved 19 April 2010.
* (1829):
enus ''Grapholita'' ''In: Die Schmetterlinge von Europa'' (Siebenter Band. Zünsler. G
nera Nera may refer to:
People
* Nera Smajic (born 1984), Bosnian-born Swedish footballer
* Nera Stipičević (born 1983), Croatian actress
* Nera White (1935–2016), American basketball player
* André António Ribeiro Novais (born 1988), Portugue ...
''Herminia-Ennychia''.): 232. Gerhard Fleischer, Leipzig
Fulltextat the
Internet Archive
{{Taxonbar , from=Q1354955
Grapholitini
Tortricidae genera
Taxa named by Georg Friedrich Treitschke