''Graphium doson'', the common jay,
[ is a black, tropical papilionid (swallowtail) butterfly with pale blue semi-transparent central wing bands that are formed by large spots. There is a marginal series of smaller spots. The underside of wings is brown with markings similar to upperside but whitish in colour. The sexes look alike. The species was first described by father and son entomologists ]Cajetan
Cajetan and Kajetan is the Anglicized and Germanized form of the Italian given name Gaetano. People with this name include:
* Thomas Cajetan (1469–1534), Italian Dominican theologian, cardinal, and opponent of Martin Luther
* Saint Cajetan (Gaet ...
and Rudolf Felder
Rudolf Felder (2 May 1842 in Vienna – 29 March 1871 in Vienna) was an Austrian jurist and entomologist. He was mainly interested in Lepidoptera, amassing, with his father, Cajetan Felder, a huge collection.
Works
*with Cajetan Felder, Lepidopte ...
.
Range
It is widespread and common throughout Southeast Asia, including lower elevations in Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka (, ; si, ශ්රී ලංකා, Śrī Laṅkā, translit-std=ISO (); ta, இலங்கை, Ilaṅkai, translit-std=ISO ()), formerly known as Ceylon and officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka, is an ...
and southern India, Eastern Ghats, Satpuras
The Satpura Range is a range of hills in central India. The range rises in eastern Gujarat running east through the border of Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh and ends in Chhattisgarh. The range parallels the Vindhya Range to the north, and th ...
, Bengal, Assam and Bangladesh, and the Himalayan foothills. The species is however scarce in southern Honshū
, historically called , is the largest and most populous island of Japan. It is located south of Hokkaidō across the Tsugaru Strait, north of Shikoku across the Inland Sea, and northeast of Kyūshū across the Kanmon Straits. The island separa ...
, Japan
Japan ( ja, 日本, or , and formally , ''Nihonkoku'') is an island country in East Asia. It is situated in the northwest Pacific Ocean, and is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan, while extending from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north ...
.
Subspecies
*''G. d. axion'' (C. & R. Felder, 1864) North India - China, Hainan, Indo-China, Burma, Thailand
*''G. d. doson'' Ceylon
*''G. d. eurypylides ''(Staudinger, 1895) Lombok, Sumbawa
*''G. d. evemonides'' (Honrath, 1884) Peninsular Malaya, Sumatra, Java - Borneo, Philippines
*''G. d. gyndes'' (Fruhstorfer, 1907) Philippines (Palawan, Busuanga, Dumaran)
*''G. d. gelap'' Page and Treadaway, 2011[ Malcolm G. P. Page and Colin G. Treadaway, 2011 New subspecies of Papilionidae from South-east Asia (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) ''Nachr. entomol. Ver. Apollo'', N.F. 31 (4): 201–205 (2011]
pdf
/ref>
*''G. d. kajanga ''(Corbet, 1937) Pulau Tioman
*''G. d. mikado'' (Leech, 1887) Japan
*''G. d. nauta'' Tsukada & Nishiyama, 1980 Philippines
*''G. d. perillus ''(Fruhstorfer, 1908)
*''G. d. postianus'' (Fruhstorfer, 1902) Taiwan, Philippines (Batanes)
*''G. d. rubroplaga ''(Rothschild, 1895) Nias
*''G. d. robinson'' Monastyrskii, 2012 South Vietnam, Con Son Island
*''G. d. sankapura'' (Fruhstorfer, 1904) Bawean
Habitat
It is common in thick, riparian, moist, deciduous, semi-evergreen and evergreen forests.
Behaviour
The common jay is active throughout the day and constantly on the move; it rarely settles down. Its flight is swift and straight. When feeding from flowers, it never settles down and keeps its wings vibrating. The males are seen mud-puddling, often in tight groups.
Life cycle
Eggs
The spherical and pale yellow eggs are laid singly on the underside of leaves.
Larva
The caterpillar
Caterpillars ( ) are the larval stage of members of the order Lepidoptera (the insect order comprising butterflies and moths).
As with most common names, the application of the word is arbitrary, since the larvae of sawflies (suborder Sym ...
is somewhat spindle shaped. The grown caterpillars have two forms, dark brown or grassy green. There are spines on the fourth segment which are short, conical and blue centred surrounded by lemon yellow and then black rings. The osmeterium
The osmeterium is a defensive organ found in all papilionid larvae, in all stages. The organ is situated in the prothoracic segment and can be everted when the larva feels threatened. The everted organ resembles a fleshy forked tongue (not unlik ...
is pale bluish green. It is extruded only reluctantly.
Pupa
The pupa is pale green with a dark purplish median line from the head to the thoracic horn and a yellow line from the tip of the horn to the cremaster.
Images of life cycle
File:Common Jay (Graphium doson) Life Cycle.jpg, Life cycle
Image:Commonjay egg sec.jpg, Egg
Image:Commonjay_cat_sec1.jpg, Caterpillar
Image:Commonjay_pupa_sec.jpg, Pupa
File:Common jay UP.jpg, Butterfly
Food plants
The caterpillars feed on plants of the families Annonaceae, Lauraceae
Lauraceae, or the laurels, is a plant family that includes the true laurel and its closest relatives. This family comprises about 2850 known species in about 45 genera worldwide (Christenhusz & Byng 2016 ). They are dicotyledons, and occur ma ...
and Magnoliaceae such as ''Annona lawii
''Annona'' (from Taíno ''annon'') is a genus of flowering plants in the pawpaw/ sugar apple family, Annonaceae. It is the second largest genus in the family after '' Guatteria'', containing approximately 166 '', ''Annona muricata
Soursop (also called ''graviola, guyabano'', and in Hispanic America, ''guanábana'') is the fruit of ''Annona muricata'', a broadleaf, flowering, evergreen tree. It is native to the tropical regions of the Americas and the Caribbean and is wid ...
'', ''Cinnamomum macrocarpum
''Cinnamomum'' is a genus of evergreen aromatic trees and shrubs belonging to the laurel family, Lauraceae. The species of ''Cinnamomum'' have aromatic oils in their leaves and bark. The genus contains approximately 250 species, distributed in t ...
'', ''Cinnamomum malabatrum
''Cinnamomum malabatrum'', wild cinnamon, country cinnamon also known as ''malabathrum'', is a tree in the family Lauraceae that is endemic to Western Ghats of India. It can grow up to tall. It has aromatic leaves that are used for culinary a ...
'', '' Magnolia grandiflora'', ''Magnolia liliifera
''Magnolia liliifera'', commonly known as egg magnolia, is a flowering tree native to the Indomalayan realm.GRIN lists the species is native to the following regions: China (Southern), Indian Subcontinent, North Indian Ocean, Indochina. It bears ...
'', ''Magnolia oblonga
''Magnolia oblonga'', also known as borsopa, ful-sopa, or kothal-sopa, is a tree species native to the Northeastern region of India
India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest c ...
'', ''Hunteria zeylanica
''Hunteria zeylanica'' grows as either an evergreen shrub or as a tree up to tall, with a trunk diameter of up to . Its flowers feature a white corolla. The berries are yellow. Its habitat is forests from sea level to altitude. The trees can w ...
'', '' Michelia champaca'', '' Trachelospermum asiaticum'' and '' Polyalthia longifolia''.
Gallery
File:GraphiumDosonEvemonidesMUpUnAC1.jpg
File:Common Jay (Graphium doson).jpg, Lateral view of Common Jay butterfly
File:Common Jay (Graphium doson) on Singapur Cherry (Muntingia calabura) W IMG 9602.jpg, On Singapore cherry (''Muntingia calabura
''Muntingia'' is a genus of plants in the family Muntingiaceae, comprising only one species, ''Muntingia calabura'', and was named in honour of Abraham Munting. It is native to the Neotropical realm, neotropics, from Mexico south to Bolivia, with ...
'') in Hyderabad, India
File:Common Blue Bottle I IMG 8906.jpg, Mud-puddling in Kolkata, West Bengal, India
File:Commonjay adup sec.jpg, Adult
File:DSC 1152.NEF.jpg
File:RN018 Dead Butterflies.jpg, Dead common jay with upper forewing visible
File:Doson u copy.jpg, Underside of wing from Adalbert Seitz's ''Macrolepidoptera of the World''
File:Achencovil river scene.jpg, At Achencovil river
See also
* List of butterflies of India
* Papilionidae
References
*
*
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{{Taxonbar, from=Q1768094
doson
Insects of Pakistan
Butterflies of Asia
Natural monuments of Japan
Butterflies described in 1864
Butterflies of Singapore
Butterflies of Indochina
Taxa named by Baron Cajetan von Felder
Taxa named by Rudolf Felder