The ancient Egyptian Grape arbor hieroglyph is Gardiner sign listed no. M43 in Gardiner's subcategory for ''trees and plants''. The hieroglyph shows a horizontal vine with stylized bunches suspended below; each end is supported by the hieroglyph for a ''"prop"'', Gardiner no. O30, O30 The Grape arbor hieroglyph is used in

Egyptian hieroglyphs Egyptian hieroglyphs (, ) were the formal writing system used in Ancient Egypt, used for writing the Egyptian language. Hieroglyphs combined logographic, syllabic and alphabetic elements, with some 1,000 distinct characters.There were about 1,00 ...

as a

determinative A determinative, also known as a taxogram or semagram, is an ideogram used to mark semantic categories of words in logographic scripts which helps to disambiguate interpretation. They have no direct counterpart in spoken language, though they may ...

, or

ideogram An ideogram or ideograph (from Greek "idea" and "to write") is a graphic symbol that represents an idea or concept, independent of any particular language, and specific words or phrases. Some ideograms are comprehensible only by familiarit ...

for words related to the 'vineyard', ''i3rrt'', or for 'wine', ''irp''; it is also used for describing 'fruit' or 'orchards'. The hieroglyph is used twice in the

Rosetta Stone The Rosetta Stone is a stele composed of granodiorite inscribed with three versions of a Rosetta Stone decree, decree issued in Memphis, Egypt, in 196 BC during the Ptolemaic dynasty on behalf of King Ptolemy V Epiphanes. The top and middle te ...

to refer to the ''vineyards'', at the beginning of the

decree A decree is a legal proclamation, usually issued by a head of state (such as the president of a republic or a monarch), according to certain procedures (usually established in a constitution). It has the force of law. The particular term used for ...

listings, and at: remitting ''"of the grain bushels 5 which were taken on the

arura Arura ( grc, ἄρουρα, aroura}) is a Homeric Greek word with original meaning "arable land", derived from the verb ἀρόω (''aroō''), "plough". The word was also used generally for earth, land and father-land and in plural to describe corn- ...

in the field of the gods, and likewise the measure of their wine hich was taken on the arurain the vineyard."'' (lines N14-(

Nubayrah Stele The Nubayrah Stele is a mutilated copy of the Decree of Memphis (Ptolemy V) on a limestone stele. The same decree is found upon the Rosetta Stone. From 1848, it was known that a partial copy of the Decree was on a wall at the Temple of Philae, b ...

) and Rosetta, R2)Budge, 1989, (1929) ''The Rosetta Stone,'' p. 137, 149.

References

*Betrò, 1995. '' Hieroglyphics: The Writings of Ancient Egypt,'' Betrò, Maria Carmela, c. 1995, 1996-(English), Abbeville Press Publishers, New York, London, Paris (hardcover, ) *Budge. ''The Rosetta Stone,'' E.A.Wallace Budge, (Dover Publications), c 1929, Dover edition(unabridged), 1989. (softcover, ) Egyptian hieroglyphs: trees and plants {{AncientEgypt-stub

See also

References