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Grand Maket Rossiya (russian: Гранд Макет Россия) is a private museum in
Saint Petersburg Saint Petersburg ( rus, links=no, Санкт-Петербург, a=Ru-Sankt Peterburg Leningrad Petrograd Piter.ogg, r=Sankt-Peterburg, p=ˈsankt pʲɪtʲɪrˈburk), formerly known as Petrograd (1914–1924) and later Leningrad (1924–1991), i ...
, Russia. It is a model layout designed on a scale of 1:87 (
HO scale HO or H0 is a rail transport modelling scale using a 1:87 scale (3.5 mm to 1 foot). It is the most popular scale of model railway in the world. The rails are spaced apart for modelling standard gauge tracks and trains in HO.NMRA"M ...
) and covers an area of . In this area, collective images of regions of the
Russian Federation Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a List of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia, Northern Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the ...
are represented. It is the largest model layout in Russia and the second largest in the world (after the
Miniatur Wunderland ''Miniatur Wunderland'' (German for 'miniature wonderland') is a model railway and miniature airport attraction in Hamburg, Germany, the largest of its kind in the world. The railway is located in the historic Speicherstadt neighbourhood of the ci ...
in
Hamburg (male), (female) en, Hamburger(s), Hamburgian(s) , timezone1 = Central (CET) , utc_offset1 = +1 , timezone1_DST = Central (CEST) , utc_offset1_DST = +2 , postal ...
, Germany).Тимофей Кареба Как инженер-искусствовед создает образ России
. ''chief-time.ru'', April 2014.
The model is located in a two-story building built in 1953, in the style of
Stalin Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin (born Ioseb Besarionis dze Jughashvili; – 5 March 1953) was a Georgian revolutionary and Soviet political leader who led the Soviet Union from 1924 until his death in 1953. He held power as General Secretar ...
’s empire. The creator of the project is a Saint Petersburg businessman Sergey Morozov.Т.Скоренко, Люди, которые строят Россию: Макет. ''popmech.ru'', October 2011.
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Layout

The model took five years to build and employed over one hundred people.Евгений Николаев Гранд Макет Россия
''erazvitie.org''. April 4, 2014.
First, a wooden frame to be used under the model was made. Then the foundations for the roads and railroads were made. Later, the model wooden ribs were installed and a layer of plaster (11 tons were used) was ca


Museum opening

The first visitors were allowed in the museum in April 2011.Панкратова И. Из Петербурга на Урал — за 5 минут. ''Вечерний Петербург (Evening Petersburg)'', 2011, No. 148, c. 5. For the next 14 months, the museum worked in test mode, only taking visitors at the weekend. The official opening took place on 8 June 2012.Эдуард Тихонравов Маленькая Россия
''spb.mk.ru'', June 13, 2012.


View

The model presents an image of everyday life in Russia, realized through models. These everyday situations represent different human activities, such as work, leisure, sports, studying, military service, country life, travel, mass celebrations and even an attempt to escape from prison. Ground transportation is represented by various kinds of cars and trucks, trams, buses, trains, and agricultural, construction and military equipment. Visitors have an opportunity to set things in motion on the model by pushing interactive buttons placed around the layout.Леонид Данько Гранд Макет Россия: успешный старт
. ''sirius-tm.ru'', June 2014.


Technical solutions


The day/night system

Every 13 minutes the lighting of the model is changed as day turns gradually into night. The night lighting lasts for 2 minutes. More than 800 000 LED lights in different colours were used to illuminate the model without creating shadowsАнна Лялякина Самый большой макет России откроется в Санкт-Петербурге
. ''marker.ru'', January 12, 2012.


Movement of road vehicles

The movement of the cars in the model is realistic. The cars and buses stop at traffic lights, bus stops and flashing signals, and they change speeds and bypass each other. The electrical energy for the automobiles is obtained remotely from underneath the model, so the cars themselves don't appear to have a power supply. This was the first use of this method for moving cars in this way.Наталья Васенкова Это родинка моя: Как работает Гранд-макет Россия
''the-village.ru'', December 3, 2012.


Railway traffic

To optimize the traffic on the layout, it was built in many levels using more than of rails and 452 switch boxes. The total number of rolling stock is more than 2700, of which 250 are locomotives and 10 are special cleaning trains. The variety of the moving trains is created using two revolver exchangers that store up to 60 trains and dispatch them when needed. On the layout there are also two turntables which can turn the locomotives up to 180 degrees. The largest height difference in the model is . This is achieved with over of spiral lifts.


Awards

* In 2013, Sergey Morozov won the 'sobaka.ru' top 50-most famous people in Saint Petersburg award in the science field. * In 2014, Grand Maket Russia entered the list of top 10 museums in Russia, listed by the users of tourist site TripAdvisor. * In 2014, Sergey Morozov won the business award of 'Boss of the Year' for his nomination in 'Breakthrough Boss of the Year'. * In 2014, Grand Maket Russia entered the top 10-most photographed places in Saint Petersburg.


References


External links

* {{authority control Model railway shows and exhibitions Museums in Saint Petersburg Scale modeling Railway museums in Russia 2012 establishments in Russia Museums established in 2012