Grahovo, Nikšić
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Grahovo (
Serbian Cyrillic The Serbian Cyrillic alphabet (, ), also known as the Serbian script, (, ), is a standardized variation of the Cyrillic script used to write the Serbian language. It originated in medieval Serbia and was significantly reformed in the 19th cen ...
: Грахово, ) is a historical settlement in the
Nikšić Municipality Nikšić (Serbo-Croatian: Opština Nikšić / Општина Никшић) is one of the municipalities of Montenegro. The municipality is located in the central and northwestern region of Montenegro. The administrative centre of the municipality ...
of northwestern
Montenegro , image_flag = Flag of Montenegro.svg , image_coat = Coat of arms of Montenegro.svg , coa_size = 80 , national_motto = , national_anthem = () , image_map = Europe-Mont ...
. It is located in the historical region of Grahovo.


History

In 1614, Mariano Bolizza wrote that Grahovo was situated in a beautiful plain, and commanded by Mile Perin. The settlement had 90 houses, out of which 70 were Orthodox Christian, and 20 were Turkish (Muslim). The town had 200 men in arms. On the 26th of August, 1836, After the rise of
Petar II Petrović-Njegoš Petar II Petrović-Njegoš ( sr-cyrl, Петар II Петровић-Његош, ;  – ), commonly referred to simply as Njegoš (), was a List of rulers of Montenegro, Prince-Bishop (''vladika'') of Montenegro, poet and philosopher whose ...
to power in the
Prince-Bishopric of Montenegro The Prince-Bishopric of Montenegro () was a Serbian Orthodox ecclesiastical principality that existed from 1516 until 1852. The principality was located around modern-day Montenegro. It emerged from the Eparchy of Cetinje, later known as the M ...
, members of Grahovo tribe, led by vojvoda Jakov Daković refused to pay
haraç Haraç (, , , sh-Cyrl-Latn, харач, harač) was a land tax levied on non-Muslim subjects in the Ottoman Empire. ''Haraç'' was developed from an earlier form of land taxation, ''kharaj'' (''harac''), and was, in principle, only payable by ...
to the Ottoman authorities and joined the rest of
Montenegrins Montenegrins (, or ) are a South Slavic ethnic group that share a common ancestry, culture, history, and language, identified with the country of Montenegro. Montenegrins are mostly Orthodox Christians; however, the population also includes ...
in guerrilla warfare in Ottoman-controlled
Herzegovina Herzegovina ( or ; sh-Latn-Cyrl, Hercegovina, separator=" / ", Херцеговина, ) is the southern and smaller of two main geographical Regions of Bosnia and Herzegovina, regions of Bosnia and Herzegovina, the other being Bosnia (reg ...
, expressing the desire to unite with Montenegro. In response,
Ali Pasha Rizvanbegović Ali Pasha Rizvanbegović (1783 – 20 March 1851; Turkish: Ali Paşa Rıdvanbeyoğlu) was a Herzegovinian Ottoman captain (administrator) of Stolac from 1813 to 1833 and the semi-independent ruler (vizier) of the Herzegovina Eyalet from 1833 ...
, vizier of Herzegovina, attacked Grahovo in 1836 and occupied the town. Four years after the Montenegrin defeat at Grahovo, seeking revenge for the death of his brother, Njegoš plotted the assassination of Smail-aga with the assistance of the local Christians from Herzegovina who lived on the territory under Smail-aga's control. Njegoš ordered a Montenegrin tribal leader,
Novica Cerović Novica Cerović ( sr-Cyrl, Новица Цepoвић; 1805–1895) was a Montenegrins, Montenegrin ''vojvoda'' (duke) of the Drobnjaci, Drobnjak clan, who is noted as having defeated and killed a local Ottoman tyrant, Smail-aga Čengić, on the ausp ...
, to ambush Smail-aga Čengić, the Ottoman commander who was responsible for killing Njegoš's brother Joko. In late September 1840, Montenegrins attracted Čengić and his army deep into their territory, organized an ambush and murdered them by attacking their camp during the night. The assault occurred in the village of Mljetičak, north of
Nikšić Nikšić (Cyrillic script, Cyrillic: Никшић, ), is the second largest city in Montenegro, with a total population of 32,046 (2023 census) located in the west of the country, in the centre of the spacious Nikšić field at the foot of Trebjesa ...
. In the ensuing clash, Smail-aga was shot and killed, after which his severed head was brought to
Cetinje Cetinje ( cnr-Cyrl, Цетиње, ) is a List of cities and towns in Montenegro, town in Montenegro. It is the former royal capital ( cnr-Latn-Cyrl, prijestonica, приjестоница, separator=" / ") of Montenegro and is the location of sev ...
. As a sign of his gratitude, Njegoš made Cerović a senator. The town of Grahovo, although fairly small received many high positions in the Montenegrin Government, For example, Most Montenegrin Kings were titled as the "Grand Prince of Grahovo".


Population


Grand Duke of Grahovo

The title "Grand Duke of Grahovo", which refers to this settlement, is an honorary title held by the titular rulers of Montenegro, currently held by
Boris, Hereditary Prince of Montenegro Boris Petrović-Njegoš (born 21 January 1980), known professionally as Boris Petrovitch Njegosh, is a French designer, a member of the House of Petrović-Njegoš, and the only son and heir apparent to Nicholas, Prince of Montenegro. Educat ...
. The holders of the title included: * Grand Duke Mirko Petrović-Njegoš * Prince/King Nikola I of Montenegro * Prince Mirko Dimitri of Montenegro * Prince Mihailo of Montenegro * Prince Nikola of Montenegro * Anto Daković


See also

* Grahovo (region) *
Sava Kovačević Sava Kovačević ( sr-cyrl, Сава Ковачевић; 25 January 1905 – 13 June 1943) was a Yugoslav Partisan divisional commander during World War II, and one of the heroes of the communist Partisan movement. Early life Kovačević was ...


References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Grahovo, Niksic Principality of Montenegro Kingdom of Montenegro Populated places in Nikšić Municipality