The following is a list of Viceroys of New Spain.
In addition to
viceroy
A viceroy () is an official who reigns over a polity in the name of and as the representative of the monarch of the territory. The term derives from the Latin prefix ''vice-'', meaning "in the place of" and the French word ''roy'', meaning "k ...
s, the following lists the highest Spanish governors of the
Viceroyalty of
New Spain
New Spain, officially the Viceroyalty of New Spain ( es, Virreinato de Nueva España, ), or Kingdom of New Spain, was an integral territorial entity of the Spanish Empire, established by Habsburg Spain during the Spanish colonization of the Am ...
, before the appointment of the first viceroy or when the office of viceroy was vacant. Most of these individuals exercised most or all of the functions of viceroy, usually on an interim basis.
Governor of the West Indies
This office covered the territories that were discovered by Christopher Columbus.
: 1492–1499 –
Christopher Columbus
Christopher Columbus
* lij, Cristoffa C(or)ombo
* es, link=no, Cristóbal Colón
* pt, Cristóvão Colombo
* ca, Cristòfor (or )
* la, Christophorus Columbus. (; born between 25 August and 31 October 1451, died 20 May 1506) was a ...
, as governor and viceroy of the West Indies
: 1499–1502 –
Francisco de Bobadilla
Francisco Fernández de Bobadilla (c. 1448 – 1 July 1502) was an official under the Crown of Castile and a knight of the Order of Calatrava. He was also the brother of Beatriz de Bobadilla, marchioness (''marquesa'') of Moya and of Peñalosa, a ...
, as governor of the West Indies
: 1502–1509 –
Nicolás de Ovando y Cáceres
Nicolas or Nicolás may refer to:
People Given name
* Nicolas (given name)
Mononym
* Nicolas (footballer, born 1999), Brazilian footballer
* Nicolas (footballer, born 2000), Brazilian footballer
Surname Nicolas
* Dafydd Nicolas (c.1705–1774), ...
, as governor of the West Indies
: 1509–1518 –
Diego Columbus
Diego Columbus ( pt, Diogo Colombo; es, Diego Colón; it, Diego Colombo; 1479/1480 – February 23, 1526) was a navigator and explorer under the Kings of Castile and Aragón. He served as the 2nd Admiral of the Indies, 2nd Viceroy of the Indie ...
, as governor of the West Indies until 1511, thereafter as viceroy
Governor of New Spain
This office covered the territories that were claimed by Hernán Cortés. The office covered the territories that were under the control of the Governor of the Indies after 1524.
: 13 August 1521 – 24 December 1521
Hernán Cortés
Hernán Cortés de Monroy y Pizarro Altamirano, 1st Marquess of the Valley of Oaxaca (; ; 1485 – December 2, 1547) was a Spanish ''conquistador'' who led an expedition that caused the fall of the Aztec Empire and brought large portions of w ...
: 24 December 1521 – 30 December 1521
Cristóbal de Tapia
Cristóbal de Tapia was an inspector sent to New Spain in 1521 to investigate the conduct of the conquistador Hernán Cortés, and if he deemed it necessary, to arrest him and bring him to trial. Because his authority derived from the king and sup ...
: 30 December 1521 – 12 October 1524
Hernán Cortés
Hernán Cortés de Monroy y Pizarro Altamirano, 1st Marquess of the Valley of Oaxaca (; ; 1485 – December 2, 1547) was a Spanish ''conquistador'' who led an expedition that caused the fall of the Aztec Empire and brought large portions of w ...
, as governor and captain general from 15 October 1522
: 12 October 1524 – 29 December 1524
Alonso de Estrada
Alonso de Estrada (, Ciudad Real, Castile – 16 February 1530, ) was a colonial official in New Spain during the period of Hernán Cortés' government, and before the appointment of the first viceroy. He was a member of the triumvirates that ...
,
Rodrigo de Albornoz
Rodrigo de Albornoz was an auditor and colonial official in New Spain during the period of Hernán Cortés's government, and before the appointment of the first viceroy. He was a member of the triumvirates that governed the colony for several sh ...
,
Alonso de Zuazo
Alonso de Zuazo (also spelled ''Suazo'') (1466 – March 1539) was a Spanish lawyer and colonial judge and governor in New Spain and in Santo Domingo. He served in New Spain during the period of Hernán Cortés's government and before the appo ...
: 29 December 1524 – 17 February 1525
Gonzalo de Salazar
Gonzalo de Salazar (Granada, Castile – , New Spain) was an aristocrat, and leader of several councils that governed New Spain while Hernán Cortés was traveling to Honduras, in 1525−26.
Early life
Though born into a family which was o ...
,
Pedro Almíndez Chirino
Pedro Almíndez Chirino (or ''Pedro Almíndez Chirinos'') was a conquistador born in Úbeda and member of several councils that governed New Spain while Hernán Cortés was traveling to Honduras, in 1525-26. Almíndez was an ally of Gonzalo ...
, Alonso de Zuazo
: 17 February 1525 – 20 April 1525 Gonzalo de Salazar, Pedro Almíndez Chirino, Alonso de Estrada, Rodrigo de Albornoz, Alonso de Zuazo
: 20 April 1525 – 23 May 1525 Gonzalo de Salazar, Pedro Almíndez Chirino, Alonso de Zuazo
: 24 May 1525 – 28 January 1526 Gonzalo de Salazar, Pedro Almíndez Chirino
: 29 January 1526 – 24 June 1526 Alonso de Estrada, Rodrigo de Albornoz
: 25 June 1526 – 3 July 1526
Hernán Cortés
Hernán Cortés de Monroy y Pizarro Altamirano, 1st Marquess of the Valley of Oaxaca (; ; 1485 – December 2, 1547) was a Spanish ''conquistador'' who led an expedition that caused the fall of the Aztec Empire and brought large portions of w ...
: 4 July 1526 – 16 July 1526
Luis Ponce de León
Luis is a given name. It is the Spanish form of the originally Germanic name or . Other Iberian Romance languages have comparable forms: (with an accent mark on the i) in Portuguese and Galician, in Aragonese and Catalan, while is archaic ...
: 16 July 1526 – 1 March 1527
Marcos de Aguilar
Marcos de Aguilar (died March 1, 1527) was briefly royal governor of New Spain (from July 16, 1526 to March 1, 1527).
Marcos de Aguilar was born in Seville, Spain, and was a ''licenciado''. He served in various judicial capacities in Seville. Be ...
: 2 March 1527 – 22 August 1527
Alonso de Estrada
Alonso de Estrada (, Ciudad Real, Castile – 16 February 1530, ) was a colonial official in New Spain during the period of Hernán Cortés' government, and before the appointment of the first viceroy. He was a member of the triumvirates that ...
,
Gonzalo de Sandoval
Gonzalo de Sandoval (1497, Medellín, Spain – late in 1528, Palos de la Frontera, Spain) was a Spanish conquistador in New Spain (Mexico)Diaz, B., 1963, The Conquest of New Spain, London: Penguin Books, and briefly co-governor of the colo ...
,
Luis de la Torre
Luis de la Torre was one of the Spanish conquistadors who governed New Spain while Hernán Cortés was absent from the capital.
History
There was much infighting during this period (1524-28). Nine men were involved in the government, not includ ...
: 22 August 1527 – 8 December 1528 Alonso de Estrada, Luis de la Torre
: 9 December 1528 – 21 December 1529
Nuño Beltrán de Guzmán (Spanish) or (Catalan) is a masculine given name of Latin origin (, , , and so on). Its Portuguese form is . Its patronymic is (). Already in the Middle Ages the name was being confused with the similar but distinct name Munio.
The meaning of ...
,
Juan Ortiz de Matienzo
Juan Ortiz de Matienzo was a Spanish colonial judge and an original member of the first Real Audiencia of Santo Domingo, in 1512. From December 9, 1528 until January 9, 1531, he was a member of the first Real Audiencia of Mexico, which took over ...
,
Diego Delgadillo
Diego Delgadillo (b. Granada, Spain, d. 1533, Granada) was a judge of the first Real Audiencia of Mexico, which took control of the governance of New Spain from the conquistadors from December 9, 1528 to January 9, 1531.
Delgadillo was a native o ...
(the first
Audiencia)
: 21 December 1529 – 9 January 1531 Juan Ortiz de Matienzo,
Diego Delgadillo
Diego Delgadillo (b. Granada, Spain, d. 1533, Granada) was a judge of the first Real Audiencia of Mexico, which took control of the governance of New Spain from the conquistadors from December 9, 1528 to January 9, 1531.
Delgadillo was a native o ...
(the first Audiencia)
: 10 January 1531 – 16 April 1535
Sebastián Ramírez de Fuenleal
Sebastián Ramírez de Fuenleal (, Villaescusa de Haro, Cuenca, Spain – January 22, 1547, Valladolid, Spain) was bishop of Santo Domingo ''(in Latin)'' and president of the Real Audiencia of Santo Domingo from 1528 to 1531. He was also ...
,
Vasco de Quiroga
Vasco de Quiroga (1470/78 – 14 March 1565) was the first bishop of Michoacán, Mexico, and one of the judges (''oidores'') in the second Real Audiencia of Mexico – the high court that governed New Spain – from January 10, 1531, to April 16, ...
,
Juan de Salmerón
Juan de Salmerón was a Spanish colonial official New Spain, and an ''oidor'' (judge) of the second Real Audiencia of Mexico, which governed the colony from January 10, 1531 until April 16, 1534. On the latter date, the government was turned over ...
,
Alonso de Maldonado
Alonso de Maldonado Diez de Ledesma (1480 Salamanca, Spain), was a Spanish lawyer and a member of the second Real Audiencia of Mexico, which governed New Spain from January 10, 1531 to April 16, 1535. He was also president of the first Real Aud ...
,
Francisco Ceinos
Francisco Ceinos (also spelled ''Francisco Ceynos'') was one of five ''oidores'' (judges) of the second Real Audiencia of Mexico. This group governed the colonies of New Spain from January 10, 1515 to April 16, 1535. Ceinos was also president o ...
(the second Audiencia)
Viceroys of New Spain (1535–1821)
The first Viceroy of New Spain was appointed in 1535 to consolidate the offices of the Governor of the Indies and the Governor of New Spain into a single office.
See also
*
Mexico
Mexico (Spanish: México), officially the United Mexican States, is a country in the southern portion of North America. It is bordered to the north by the United States; to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; to the southeast by Guatema ...
*
History of Mexico
*
List of heads of state of Mexico
*
Spanish attempts to reconquer Mexico
Spanish might refer to:
* Items from or related to Spain:
**Spaniards are a nation and ethnic group indigenous to Spain
**Spanish language, spoken in Spain and many Latin American countries
**Spanish cuisine
Other places
* Spanish, Ontario, Cana ...
*
Viceroyalty of New Spain
**
Governor-General of the Philippines
*
Viceroyalty of Peru
*
Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata
The Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata ( es, Virreinato del Río de la Plata or es, Virreinato de las Provincias del Río de la Plata) meaning "River of the Silver", also called "Viceroyalty of the River Plate" in some scholarly writings, in ...
*
Viceroyalty of New Granada
External links
List of viceroys and other colonial rulersat the Mexican government site
Cronología de los Gobernantes de México 1325–2000(Powerpoint)
*
List of Spanish colonial officials before the viceroyalty
{{DEFAULTSORT:Viceroys Of New Spain, List Of
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*New Spain
New Spain, viceroys
Heads of state of Mexico
History of New Spain
Mexico history-related lists
16th-century Mexican people
17th-century Mexican people
18th-century Mexican people
19th-century Mexican people
Viceroy of New Spain
Viceroy of New Spain
16th-century monarchs in North America
17th-century monarchs in North America
18th-century monarchs in North America
19th-century monarchs in North America
1492 establishments in the Spanish Empire
1524 disestablishments in the Spanish Empire
1521 establishments in New Spain
1821 disestablishments in New Spain