HOME

TheInfoList



OR:

The highest official of the subject of the Russian Federation, also known as the holder of the highest office of subject of the Russian Federation (russian: высшее должностное лицо субъекта Российской Федерации) or the head of the highest executive body of state power of the subject of the Russian Federation (russian: руководитель высшего исполнительного органа государственной власти субъекта Российской Федерации) and colloquially and collectively referred to as the title
Governor A governor is an administrative leader and head of a polity or political region, ranking under the head of state and in some cases, such as governors-general, as the head of state's official representative. Depending on the type of political ...
(russian: губернатор - ''gubernator'') or head of region (russian: глава региона - ''glava regiona''), is the head and the
chief executive A chief executive officer (CEO), also known as a central executive officer (CEO), chief administrator officer (CAO) or just chief executive (CE), is one of a number of corporate executives charged with the management of an organization especially ...
of each of the federal subjects of Russia, not directly subordinate to the federal authorities, but the political and ceremonial head of the federal subject, all of which are equal constituent entities of Russia. The office is defined by the
Constitution of Russia The Constitution of the Russian Federation () was adopted by national referendum on 12 December 1993. Russia's constitution came into force on 25 December 1993, at the moment of its official publication, and abolished the Soviet system of gov ...
and Chapters 1, 3 and 4 of Russia's Federal Law No. 184-FZ "On the General Principles of the Organization Of the Legislative (Representative) and Executive Organs Of State Power of the Subjects of the Russian Federation" which came into force in 1999. According to the current revision of the Russian Constitution, the Russian Federation consists of 85 federal subjects, therefore there are 85 offices of head of region in Russia (see
List of current heads of federal subjects of Russia The following is a list of heads of the federal subjects of the Russian Federation. Republic of Crimea and the city of Sevastopol were annexed by Russia in 2014 and, according to its constitution, are Federal subjects. However, internationally th ...
). The certain title of office is defined by the federal subject's Constitution or Charter. The names include: Governor, President (russian: президент - ''president''), Head of Administration (russian: глава администрации - ''glava administratsii''), Head of Republic (russian: глава республики - ''glava respubliki''), Mayor (russian: мэр - ''mer''), non-officially and collectively referred to as Governors for short. The official title "Governor" is most used in Russia and traditionally it is used in
Oblasts of Russia An oblast (russian: область) is a type of federal subject in Russia. Overview Oblasts are constituent political entities in a federal union with representation in the Federation Council, and serve as a first-level administrative divisio ...
. Presidents of Russia's republics,
mayor of Moscow The Mayor of Moscow (russian: Мэр Москвы, Mer Moskvy) is the head and the highest-ranking official of Moscow, who leads the Government of Moscow, the main executive body of the city. Moscow is both a city and separate federal subje ...
and mayor of St. Petersburg are also governors in this sense. A head of the subject in Russia is said to serve a ''administration'' or ''executive office'', colloquially referred to as ''gubernatorial administration''.


Role and powers

The
Constitution A constitution is the aggregate of fundamental principles or established precedents that constitute the legal basis of a polity, organisation or other type of Legal entity, entity and commonly determine how that entity is to be governed. When ...
preserves the notion that the country is a
federation A federation (also known as a federal state) is a political entity characterized by a union of partially self-governing provinces, states, or other regions under a central federal government (federalism). In a federation, the self-governin ...
of semi-sovereign federal subjects and that powers not specifically granted to the federal government are retained by the federal subjects. Federal subjects, therefore, are not administrative divisions. Regional governments in Russia are relatively powerful; each federal subject has its own independent criminal and civil law codes, as well as manages its internal government. The governor thus heads the executive branch in the federal subjects and, depending on the individual jurisdiction, may have considerable control over government budgeting, the power of appointment of many officials (including many judges), and a considerable role in legislation. The governor may also have additional roles, and in many territories the governor has partial or absolute power to
commute Commute, commutation or commutative may refer to: * Commuting, the process of travelling between a place of residence and a place of work Mathematics * Commutative property, a property of a mathematical operation whose result is insensitive to th ...
or
pardon A pardon is a government decision to allow a person to be relieved of some or all of the legal consequences resulting from a criminal conviction. A pardon may be granted before or after conviction for the crime, depending on the laws of the ju ...
a criminal sentence. All governors serve five-year terms for no more than two terms in a row. In all federal subjects, the governor is directly elected, and in most cases has considerable practical powers, though this may be moderated by the legislature and in some cases by other elected executive officials. A governor may give an annual address about his achievements in order to satisfy a constitutional stipulation that a governor must report annually (or in older constitutions described as being "from time to time") on the territory or condition of the republic/oblast. Governors of oblasts may also perform ceremonial roles, such as greeting dignitaries, conferring state decorations, issuing symbolic proclamations. The governor may also have an
official residence An official residence is the House, residence of a head of state, head of government, governor, Clergy, religious leader, leaders of international organizations, or other senior figure. It may be the same place where they conduct their work-relate ...
.


History

In modern Russia, the governor - is the highest official figure in the Russian Federation (territory, region, autonomous region, city), heads the executive branch in the Republics and oblasts of the Russian Federation. On November 30, 1991, Presidential decree of Yeltsin, appointed Boris Nemtsov to the post of governor of the
Nizhny Novgorod Nizhny Novgorod ( ; rus, links=no, Нижний Новгород, a=Ru-Nizhny Novgorod.ogg, p=ˈnʲiʐnʲɪj ˈnovɡərət ), colloquially shortened to Nizhny, from the 13th to the 17th century Novgorod of the Lower Land, formerly known as Gork ...
region in and the first week of work at the new location, Nemtsov then issued a decree according to which he, the head of the regional government, is to be officially called the governor. Thus, he became the first governor of the new Russia. From 1995 to 2005, governors were elected by the residents of the Russian Federation in the framework of direct, equal and secret ballot. From 2005 to 2012, governors were appointed by the legislative (representative) bodies of subjects of the Russian Federation by the recommendation of the
President of Russia The president of the Russian Federation ( rus, Президент Российской Федерации, Prezident Rossiyskoy Federatsii) is the head of state of the Russian Federation. The president leads the executive branch of the federal ...
. On June 1, 2012, an Act came into force, which returns the direct election of senior officials in the regions. In 2015, governors were restricted to a term of five years, with no more than two consecutive terms.


Demographics


Party

As of September 2021 there are 57 members of
United Russia United Russia ( rus, Единая Россия, Yedinaya Rossiya, (j)ɪˈdʲinəjə rɐˈsʲijə) is a Russian conservative political party. As the largest party in Russia, it holds 325 (or 72.22%) of the 450 seats in the State Duma , havin ...
, 3
Communists Communism (from Latin la, communis, lit=common, universal, label=none) is a far-left sociopolitical, philosophical, and economic ideology and current within the socialist movement whose goal is the establishment of a communist society, a s ...
, 3 Liberal Democrats, two members of
A Just Russia A, or a, is the first letter and the first vowel of the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide. Its name in English is ''a'' (pronounced ), plural ''aes'' ...
, and 20 independents serving as governors.


Tenure

For each term, governors serve five years in office. The longest-serving current governor is
Ramzan Kadyrov Ramzan Akhmadovich Kadyrov ce, КъадаргӀеран Ахьмат-кӏант Рамзан, translit= (born 5 October 1976) is a Russian politician who currently serves as the Head of the Chechen Republic. He was formerly affiliated to the ...
, the
Head of the Chechen Republic The Head of the Chechen Republic or Head of Chechnya (russian: Глава Чеченской Республики, italic=yes, ce, Мехкада Нохчийн Республика; formerly President of the Chechen Republic or President of Che ...
, in office since 2007. Overall longest-serving governor is
Yevgeny Savchenko Yevgeny Stepanovich Savchenko (russian: Евгений Степанович Савченко) (born 1950) is a Russian politician, who is currently the Senator of Belgorod Oblast on legislative authority since 22 September 2020. He had served as ...
of
Belgorod Oblast Belgorod Oblast (russian: Белгоро́дская о́бласть, ''Belgorodskaya oblast'') is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Belgorod. Population: History At the turn of the 17th cent ...
, who has served seven consecutive terms from 1993 to 2020.


Gender

The first female governor was
Valentina Bronevich Valentina Tadeyevna Bronevich (russian: Валентина Тадеевна Броневич, born 1956) is a Russian politician from Kamchatka. She was elected Head of Administration of Koryak autonomy in the Russian Far East, Far East in 1996, ...
who was governor of Koryak Autonomous Okrug from 1996 to 2000. There are currently 84 male state governors and one female governor:
Natalya Komarova Natalya Vladimirovna Komarova (russian: Наталья Владимировна Комарова, born 21 October 1955 in Yazvo, Pskov Oblast), is a Russian politician who, serves as Governor of Khanty-Mansi since 2010. She previously served a ...
of
Khanty–Mansi Autonomous Okrug Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug–Yugra (Russian and Mansi: Ханты-Мансийский автономный округ — Югра, ''Khanty-Mansiysky avtonomny okrug — Yugra;'' Khanty: Хӑнты-Мансийской Aвтономной ...
.


External links


Президент подписал закон о сокращении сроков выдвижения и рассмотрения кандидатур высших должностных лиц субъектов Федерации
* ''Иванов В. В.''br>Глава субъекта Российской Федерации. История губернаторов. Том I. История. Книга I. — М., 2019. — 600 с.
* ''Иванов В. В.''br>Глава субъекта Российской Федерации. История губернаторов. Том I. История. Книга II. — М., 2019. — 624 с.
{{Subdivisions of Russia Government of Russia Government occupations Positions of authority