''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain,
jade orchids
or ladies' tresses
is a wide-ranging
genus of
orchids in the tribe
Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in
East Asia, Goodyera is found across
Europe,
Madeira
)
, anthem = ( en, "Anthem of the Autonomous Region of Madeira")
, song_type = Regional anthem
, image_map=EU-Portugal_with_Madeira_circled.svg
, map_alt=Location of Madeira
, map_caption=Location of Madeira
, subdivision_type=Sovereign st ...
,
North and
Central America,
Australia
Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a Sovereign state, sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous List of islands of Australia, sma ...
, and on islands from the west
Indian Ocean to the
Pacific Ocean. They have a
rosette of leaves at their base and usually many small white
resupinate
Resupination is derived from the Latin word ''resupinus'', meaning "bent back
with the face upward" or "on the back". "Resupination" is the noun form of the adjective "resupine" which means "being upside-down, supine or facing upward".
The word " ...
flowers. They are similar to orchids in the genus ''
Spiranthes'' but can be distinguished from them by the shape and colour patterns of the leaves.
Description
Plants in the genus ''Goodyera'' are mainly
terrestrial plants with a fleshy, creeping
rhizome
In botany and dendrology, a rhizome (; , ) is a modified subterranean plant stem that sends out roots and shoots from its nodes. Rhizomes are also called creeping rootstalks or just rootstalks. Rhizomes develop from axillary buds and grow hori ...
and a loose rosette of leaves at the base of a flowering stem with many small, resupinate flowers. The leaves are elliptic, characteristically
asymmetrical and green with white or pale green markings. The entire plant apart from the flowers is covered with slightly sticky hairs. The
dorsal sepal and
petal
Petals are modified Leaf, leaves that surround the reproductive parts of flowers. They are often advertising coloration, brightly colored or unusually shaped to attract pollinators. All of the petals of a flower are collectively known as the ''c ...
s overlap, forming a hood over the
column
A column or pillar in architecture and structural engineering is a structural element that transmits, through compression, the weight of the structure above to other structural elements below. In other words, a column is a compression member. ...
and the
lateral sepals spread widely. The
labellum is not lobed but has a small pouch. Orchids in the genus ''
Spiranthes'' are similar but ''Spiranthes'' lack
rhizome
In botany and dendrology, a rhizome (; , ) is a modified subterranean plant stem that sends out roots and shoots from its nodes. Rhizomes are also called creeping rootstalks or just rootstalks. Rhizomes develop from axillary buds and grow hori ...
s, have flat, non-pouched labella, and display plain green leaves.
Taxonomy and naming
The genus ''Goodyera'' was first formally described in 1813 by
Robert Brown and the description was published in
William Aiton's
Hortus Kewensis
''Hortus Kewensis, or a Catalogue of the Plants Cultivated in the Royal Botanic Garden at Kew'' by William Aiton was a 1789 catalogue of all the plant species then in cultivation at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew is ...
.
The genus name honours
John Goodyer
John Goodyer (1592–1664) was a botanist who lived in south-east Hampshire, England, all his life. He amassed a large collection of botanical texts which were bequeathed to Magdalen College, Oxford, and translated a number of classical texts ...
.
Generic delimitation of Goodyera remains problematic, with some authors providing evidence to support a narrower
circumscription of the genus.
The genus is abbreviated ''G.'' in horticultural nomenclature.
Alphabetical List of Standard Abbreviations for Natural and Hybrid Generic Names
', Royal Horticultural Society, 2017.
Distribution
With a center of diversity in
East Asia, Goodyera is found across
Europe,
Madeira
)
, anthem = ( en, "Anthem of the Autonomous Region of Madeira")
, song_type = Regional anthem
, image_map=EU-Portugal_with_Madeira_circled.svg
, map_alt=Location of Madeira
, map_caption=Location of Madeira
, subdivision_type=Sovereign st ...
,
North and
Central America,
Australia
Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a Sovereign state, sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous List of islands of Australia, sma ...
, and on islands from the west
Indian Ocean to the
Pacific Ocean.
List of species
The following is a list of species of ''Goodyera'' recognised by the ''
World Checklist of Selected Plant Families'' as at August 2018:
*''
Goodyera afzelii''
Schltr. (1918)
*''
Goodyera alveolata''
Pradhan (1979)
*''
Goodyera amoena''
Schltr. (1911)
*''
Goodyera angustifolia''
Schltr. (1905)
*''
Goodyera beccarii''
Schltr. (1910)
*''
Goodyera bifida''
(Blume) Blume (1858)
*''
Goodyera biflora''
(Lindl.) Hook.f. (1890)
*''
Goodyera bomiensis''
K.Y.Lang (1978)
*''
Goodyera boninensis''
Nakai (1923)
*''
Goodyera brachystegia''
Hand.-Mazz. (1936)
*''
Goodyera bracteata''
Thouars (1822)
*''
Goodyera bradeorum''
Schltr. (1923)
*''
Goodyera clausa''
(A.A.Eaton ex Ames) Schltr. (1911)
*''
Goodyera colorata
''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in Ea ...
''
(Blume) Blume (1858)
*''
Goodyera condensata''
Ormerod & J.J.Wood (2001)
*''
Goodyera corniculata
''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in East A ...
''
(Rchb.f.
Heinrich Gustav Reichenbach (Dresden, 3 January 1823 – Hamburg, 6 May 1889) was a botanist and the foremost German orchidologist of the 19th century. His father Heinrich Gottlieb Ludwig Reichenbach (author of ''Icones Florae Germanicae et Helve ...
) Ackerman
*''
Goodyera crocodiliceps''
Ormerod (1996)
*''
Goodyera cyclopensis''
Ormerod (2017)
*''
Goodyera daibuzanensis''
Yamam. (1932)
*''
Goodyera denticulata''
J.J.Sm. (1934)
*''
Goodyera dolabripetala
''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in East A ...
''
(Ames) Schltr. (1908
*''
Goodyera elmeri''
(Ames) Ames (1938)
*''
Goodyera erosa''
(Ames & C.Schweinf.) Ames, F.T.Hubb. & C.Schweinf. (1934)
*''
Goodyera erythrodoides''
Schltr. (1911)
*''
Goodyera fimbrilabia''
Ormerod (2006)
*''
Goodyera flaccida''
Schltr. (1924)
*''
Goodyera foliosa''
(Lindl.) Benth. ex Hook.f. (1890)
*''
Goodyera fumata
''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in East A ...
''
Thwaites (1861)
*''
Goodyera fusca
''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in East A ...
''
(Lindl.) Hook.f. (1890
*''
Goodyera gemmata''
J.J.Sm. (1909)
*''
Goodyera gibbsiae''
J.J.Sm. (1922)
*''
Goodyera goudotii''
Ormerod & Cavestro (2006)
*''
Goodyera hachijoensis''
Yatabe (1891)
*''
Goodyera hemsleyana''
King & Pantl. (1895)
*''
Goodyera henryi''
Rolfe (1896)
*''
Goodyera hispaniolae''
Dod (1986)
*''
Goodyera hispida''
Lindl. (1857)
*''
Goodyera humicola''
(Schltr.) Schltr. (1924)
*''
Goodyera inmeghema''
Ormerod (1996)
*''
Goodyera kwangtungensis''
C.L.Tso (1933)
*''
Goodyera lamprotaenia''
Schltr. (1911)
*''
Goodyera lanceolata''
Ridl. (1870)
*''
Goodyera luzonensis''
Ames (1915)
*''
Goodyera macrophylla
''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in East A ...
''
Lowe (1831)
*''
Goodyera major''
Ames & Correll (1942)
*''
Goodyera makuensis''
Ormerod (2013)
*''
Goodyera malipoensis''
Q.X.Guan & S.P.Chen (2014)
*''
Goodyera maurevertii
''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in East A ...
''
Blume (1858)
*''
Goodyera micrantha''
Schltr. (1923)
*''
Goodyera modesta''
Schltr. (1923)
*''
Goodyera myanmarica''
Ormerod & C.S.Kumar (2006)
*''
Goodyera nankoensis''
Fukuy. (1934)
*''
Goodyera nantoensis''
Hayata (1911)
*''
Goodyera novembrilis''
(Rchb.f.) Ormerod (1996)
*''
Goodyera oblongifolia
''Goodyera oblongifolia'' is a species of orchid known by the common names western rattlesnake plantain and giant rattlesnake plantain. It is native to much of North America, particularly in the mountains of the western United States and Canada, ...
''
Raf. (1833)
*''
Goodyera ovatilabia
''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in East A ...
''
Schltr. (1923)
*''
Goodyera pendula''
Maxim. (1888)
*''
Goodyera perrieri''
(Schltr.) Schltr. (1924)
*''
Goodyera polyphylla''
Ormerod (2006)
*''
Goodyera porphyrophylla''
Schltr. (1921)
*''
Goodyera procera''
(Ker Gawl.) Hook. (1823)
*''
Goodyera pubescens
''Goodyera pubescens'', the downy rattlesnake plantain, (also known as ''Peramium pubescens'' ) is one of the most common orchids native to eastern North America. It is found from Florida to Nova Scotia, west to eastern Oklahoma, Minnesota and On ...
''
(Willd.) R.Br. (1813)
*''
Goodyera purpusii''
Ormerod (2006)
*''
Goodyera pusilla''
Blume (1858)
*''
Goodyera ramosii''
Ames (1913 publ. 1914)
*''
Goodyera recurva''
Lindl. (1857)
*''
Goodyera repens''
(L.) R.Br. (1813)
*''
Goodyera reticulata''
(Blume) Blume (1858)
*''
Goodyera rhombodoides''
Aver (2007)
*''
Goodyera robusta''
Hook.f. (1890)
*''
Goodyera rosea''
(H.Perrier) Ormerod (2006)
*''
Goodyera rostellata''
Ames & C.Schweinf. in O.Ames (1920)
*''
Goodyera rostrata''
Ridl. (1908)
*''
Goodyera rosulacea''
Y.N.Lee (2004)
*''
Goodyera rubicunda''
(Blume) Lindl. (1839)
*''
Goodyera ruttenii
''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in East A ...
''
J.J.Sm. (1928)
*''
Goodyera schlechtendaliana''
Rchb.f. (1850)
*''
Goodyera scripta''
(Rchb.f.) Schltr. (1906)
*''
Goodyera sechellarum''
(S.Moore) Ormerod (2002)
*''
Goodyera seikomontana''
Yamam. (1932)
*''
Goodyera similis''
Blume (1858)
*''
Goodyera stelidifera''
Ormerod (2004)
*''
Goodyera stenopetala''
Schltr. (1911)
*''
Goodyera striata''
Rchb.f. (1845)
*''
Goodyera sumbawana''
Ormerod (2005)
*''
Goodyera taitensis''
Blume (1858)
*''
Goodyera tesselata
''Goodyera tesselata'' is a plant in the orchid family (Orchidaceae), called by the common name checkered rattlesnake plantain. It is native to eastern Canada from Manitoba to Newfoundland, and to the northeastern United States from Maine to Mar ...
''
Lodd. (1824)
*''
Goodyera thailandica''
Seidenf. (1969)
*''
Goodyera turialbae''
Schltr. (1923)
*''
Goodyera umbrosa''
D.L.Jones
David Lloyd Jones (born 1944) is an Australians, Australian horticultural botanist and the author of many books and papers, especially on Australian orchids.
Jones was born in Victoria (Australia), Victoria and in his youth was a student at Burnl ...
& M.A.Clem.
Mark Alwin Clements (b. 1949) is an Australian botanist and orchidologist. He obtained his doctorate at the Australian National University defending his thesis entitled ''Reproductive Biology in relation to phylogeny of the Orchidaceae, espe ...
(2014)
*''
Goodyera venusta''
Schltr. (1911)
*''
Goodyera viridiflora''
(Blume) Blume (1858)
*''
Goodyera vitiensis''
(L.O.Williams) Kores (1989)
*''
Goodyera vittata''
Benth. ex Hook.f. (1890)
*''
Goodyera werneri''
Schltr. (1921)
*''
Goodyera wolongensis''
K.Y.Lang (1984)
*''
Goodyera wuana''
Tang & F.T.Wang (1951)
*''
Goodyera yamiana''
Fukuy. (1936)
*''
Goodyera yunnanensis''
Schltr. (1919)
*''
Goodyera zacuapanensis''
Ormerod (2006)
References
External links
*
{{Taxonbar, from=Q163556
Cranichideae genera