''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in East Asia, Goodyera is found across Europe,

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, North and Central America,

Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a Sovereign state, sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous List of islands of Australia, sma ...

, and on islands from the west Indian Ocean to the Pacific Ocean. They have a rosette of leaves at their base and usually many small white

resupinate Resupination is derived from the Latin word ''resupinus'', meaning "bent back with the face upward" or "on the back". "Resupination" is the noun form of the adjective "resupine" which means "being upside-down, supine or facing upward". The word " ...

flowers. They are similar to orchids in the genus '' Spiranthes'' but can be distinguished from them by the shape and colour patterns of the leaves.

Description

Plants in the genus ''Goodyera'' are mainly terrestrial plants with a fleshy, creeping

rhizome In botany and dendrology, a rhizome (; , ) is a modified subterranean plant stem that sends out roots and shoots from its nodes. Rhizomes are also called creeping rootstalks or just rootstalks. Rhizomes develop from axillary buds and grow hori ...

and a loose rosette of leaves at the base of a flowering stem with many small, resupinate flowers. The leaves are elliptic, characteristically asymmetrical and green with white or pale green markings. The entire plant apart from the flowers is covered with slightly sticky hairs. The dorsal sepal and

petal Petals are modified Leaf, leaves that surround the reproductive parts of flowers. They are often advertising coloration, brightly colored or unusually shaped to attract pollinators. All of the petals of a flower are collectively known as the ''c ...

s overlap, forming a hood over the

column A column or pillar in architecture and structural engineering is a structural element that transmits, through compression, the weight of the structure above to other structural elements below. In other words, a column is a compression member. ...

and the lateral sepals spread widely. The labellum is not lobed but has a small pouch. Orchids in the genus '' Spiranthes'' are similar but ''Spiranthes'' lack

s, have flat, non-pouched labella, and display plain green leaves.

Taxonomy and naming

The genus ''Goodyera'' was first formally described in 1813 by Robert Brown and the description was published in William Aiton's

Hortus Kewensis ''Hortus Kewensis, or a Catalogue of the Plants Cultivated in the Royal Botanic Garden at Kew'' by William Aiton was a 1789 catalogue of all the plant species then in cultivation at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew is ...

. The genus name honours

John Goodyer John Goodyer (1592–1664) was a botanist who lived in south-east Hampshire, England, all his life. He amassed a large collection of botanical texts which were bequeathed to Magdalen College, Oxford, and translated a number of classical texts ...

. Generic delimitation of Goodyera remains problematic, with some authors providing evidence to support a narrower circumscription of the genus. The genus is abbreviated ''G.'' in horticultural nomenclature.
Alphabetical List of Standard Abbreviations for Natural and Hybrid Generic Names
', Royal Horticultural Society, 2017.

Distribution

With a center of diversity in East Asia, Goodyera is found across Europe,

, North and Central America,

, and on islands from the west Indian Ocean to the Pacific Ocean.

List of species

The following is a list of species of ''Goodyera'' recognised by the '' World Checklist of Selected Plant Families'' as at August 2018: *''

Goodyera afzelii ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in Ea ...

'' Schltr. (1918) *''

Goodyera alveolata ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in East A ...

'' Pradhan (1979) *''

Goodyera amoena ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in Ea ...

'' Schltr. (1911) *'' Goodyera angustifolia'' Schltr. (1905) *''

Goodyera beccarii ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in East A ...

'' Schltr. (1910) *''

Goodyera bifida ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in Ea ...

'' (Blume) Blume (1858) *'' Goodyera biflora'' (Lindl.) Hook.f. (1890) *''

Goodyera bomiensis ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in Ea ...

'' K.Y.Lang (1978) *''

Goodyera boninensis ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in Ea ...

'' Nakai (1923) *'' Goodyera brachystegia'' Hand.-Mazz. (1936) *''

Goodyera bracteata ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in Ea ...

'' Thouars (1822) *'' Goodyera bradeorum'' Schltr. (1923) *'' Goodyera clausa'' (A.A.Eaton ex Ames) Schltr. (1911) *''

Goodyera colorata ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in Ea ...

'' (Blume) Blume (1858) *''

Goodyera condensata ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in East A ...

'' Ormerod & J.J.Wood (2001) *''

Goodyera corniculata ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in East A ...

'' (

Rchb.f. Heinrich Gustav Reichenbach (Dresden, 3 January 1823 – Hamburg, 6 May 1889) was a botanist and the foremost German orchidologist of the 19th century. His father Heinrich Gottlieb Ludwig Reichenbach (author of ''Icones Florae Germanicae et Helve ...

) Ackerman *'' Goodyera crocodiliceps'' Ormerod (1996) *'' Goodyera cyclopensis'' Ormerod (2017) *''

Goodyera daibuzanensis ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in East A ...

'' Yamam. (1932) *'' Goodyera denticulata'' J.J.Sm. (1934) *''

Goodyera dolabripetala ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in East A ...

'' (Ames) Schltr. (1908 *''

Goodyera elmeri ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in Ea ...

'' (Ames) Ames (1938) *''

Goodyera erosa ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in Ea ...

'' (Ames & C.Schweinf.) Ames, F.T.Hubb. & C.Schweinf. (1934) *''

Goodyera erythrodoides ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in Ea ...

'' Schltr. (1911) *'' Goodyera fimbrilabia'' Ormerod (2006) *''

Goodyera flaccida ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in Ea ...

'' Schltr. (1924) *''

Goodyera foliosa ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in Ea ...

'' (Lindl.) Benth. ex Hook.f. (1890) *''

Goodyera fumata ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in East A ...

'' Thwaites (1861) *''

Goodyera fusca ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in East A ...

'' (Lindl.) Hook.f. (1890 *'' Goodyera gemmata'' J.J.Sm. (1909) *'' Goodyera gibbsiae'' J.J.Sm. (1922) *''

Goodyera goudotii ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in Ea ...

'' Ormerod & Cavestro (2006) *'' Goodyera hachijoensis'' Yatabe (1891) *'' Goodyera hemsleyana'' King & Pantl. (1895) *'' Goodyera henryi'' Rolfe (1896) *''

Goodyera hispaniolae ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in Ea ...

'' Dod (1986) *'' Goodyera hispida'' Lindl. (1857) *'' Goodyera humicola'' (Schltr.) Schltr. (1924) *'' Goodyera inmeghema'' Ormerod (1996) *'' Goodyera kwangtungensis'' C.L.Tso (1933) *''

Goodyera lamprotaenia ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in Ea ...

'' Schltr. (1911) *''

Goodyera lanceolata ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in Ea ...

'' Ridl. (1870) *'' Goodyera luzonensis'' Ames (1915) *''

Goodyera macrophylla ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in East A ...

'' Lowe (1831) *'' Goodyera major'' Ames & Correll (1942) *''

Goodyera makuensis ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in East A ...

'' Ormerod (2013) *'' Goodyera malipoensis'' Q.X.Guan & S.P.Chen (2014) *''

Goodyera maurevertii ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in East A ...

'' Blume (1858) *'' Goodyera micrantha'' Schltr. (1923) *''

Goodyera modesta ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in Ea ...

'' Schltr. (1923) *''

Goodyera myanmarica ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in Ea ...

'' Ormerod & C.S.Kumar (2006) *''

Goodyera nankoensis ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in Ea ...

'' Fukuy. (1934) *'' Goodyera nantoensis'' Hayata (1911) *'' Goodyera novembrilis'' (Rchb.f.) Ormerod (1996) *''

Goodyera oblongifolia ''Goodyera oblongifolia'' is a species of orchid known by the common names western rattlesnake plantain and giant rattlesnake plantain. It is native to much of North America, particularly in the mountains of the western United States and Canada, ...

'' Raf. (1833) *''

Goodyera ovatilabia ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in East A ...

'' Schltr. (1923) *''

Goodyera pendula ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in Ea ...

'' Maxim. (1888) *''

Goodyera perrieri ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in Ea ...

'' (Schltr.) Schltr. (1924) *'' Goodyera polyphylla'' Ormerod (2006) *'' Goodyera porphyrophylla'' Schltr. (1921) *'' Goodyera procera'' (Ker Gawl.) Hook. (1823) *''

Goodyera pubescens ''Goodyera pubescens'', the downy rattlesnake plantain, (also known as ''Peramium pubescens'' ) is one of the most common orchids native to eastern North America. It is found from Florida to Nova Scotia, west to eastern Oklahoma, Minnesota and On ...

'' (Willd.) R.Br. (1813) *''

Goodyera purpusii ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in Ea ...

'' Ormerod (2006) *''

Goodyera pusilla ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in Ea ...

'' Blume (1858) *'' Goodyera ramosii'' Ames (1913 publ. 1914) *'' Goodyera recurva'' Lindl. (1857) *'' Goodyera repens'' (L.) R.Br. (1813) *'' Goodyera reticulata'' (Blume) Blume (1858) *''

Goodyera rhombodoides ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in Ea ...

'' Aver (2007) *'' Goodyera robusta'' Hook.f. (1890) *''

Goodyera rosea ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in Ea ...

'' (H.Perrier) Ormerod (2006) *'' Goodyera rostellata'' Ames & C.Schweinf. in O.Ames (1920) *'' Goodyera rostrata'' Ridl. (1908) *'' Goodyera rosulacea'' Y.N.Lee (2004) *'' Goodyera rubicunda'' (Blume) Lindl. (1839) *''

Goodyera ruttenii ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in East A ...

'' J.J.Sm. (1928) *'' Goodyera schlechtendaliana'' Rchb.f. (1850) *''

Goodyera scripta ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in Ea ...

'' (Rchb.f.) Schltr. (1906) *'' Goodyera sechellarum'' (S.Moore) Ormerod (2002) *'' Goodyera seikomontana'' Yamam. (1932) *'' Goodyera similis'' Blume (1858) *''

Goodyera stelidifera ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in Ea ...

'' Ormerod (2004) *'' Goodyera stenopetala'' Schltr. (1911) *'' Goodyera striata'' Rchb.f. (1845) *'' Goodyera sumbawana'' Ormerod (2005) *''

Goodyera taitensis ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in Ea ...

'' Blume (1858) *''

Goodyera tesselata ''Goodyera tesselata'' is a plant in the orchid family (Orchidaceae), called by the common name checkered rattlesnake plantain. It is native to eastern Canada from Manitoba to Newfoundland, and to the northeastern United States from Maine to Mar ...

'' Lodd. (1824) *'' Goodyera thailandica'' Seidenf. (1969) *'' Goodyera turialbae'' Schltr. (1923) *''

Goodyera umbrosa ''Goodyera umbrosa'', commonly known as the native jade orchid or green jewel orchid, is a species of orchid that is endemic to northern Queensland where it grows in highland rainforest. It has between four and eight large, egg-shaped leaves an ...

D.L.Jones David Lloyd Jones (born 1944) is an Australians, Australian horticultural botanist and the author of many books and papers, especially on Australian orchids. Jones was born in Victoria (Australia), Victoria and in his youth was a student at Burnl ...

M.A.Clem. Mark Alwin Clements (b. 1949) is an Australian botanist and orchidologist. He obtained his doctorate at the Australian National University defending his thesis entitled ''Reproductive Biology in relation to phylogeny of the Orchidaceae, espe ...

(2014) *''

Goodyera venusta ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in Ea ...

'' Schltr. (1911) *'' Goodyera viridiflora'' (Blume) Blume (1858) *''

Goodyera vitiensis ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in Ea ...

'' (L.O.Williams) Kores (1989) *''

Goodyera vittata ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in Ea ...

'' Benth. ex Hook.f. (1890) *'' Goodyera werneri'' Schltr. (1921) *'' Goodyera wolongensis'' K.Y.Lang (1984) *''

Goodyera wuana ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in Ea ...

'' Tang & F.T.Wang (1951) *'' Goodyera yamiana'' Fukuy. (1936) *''

Goodyera yunnanensis ''Goodyera yunnanensis'' is a species of orchid endemic to southern China. It has been reported only from the provinces of Yunnan and Sichuan, growing in forest scrub at elevations of . ''Goodyera yunnanensis'' is a terrestrial herb growing ...

'' Schltr. (1919) *'' Goodyera zacuapanensis'' Ormerod (2006)

References

External links

* {{Taxonbar, from=Q163556 Cranichideae genera