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Golestan National Park ( fa, پارک ملی گلستان), commonly known as the Golestan Jungle (), is an Iranian National Park in Golestan Province, northeastern Iran.
/ref> The diverse flora includes stands of white ''
Iran's last known tigers had occurred in this area, before 1960.Geptner, V. G., Sludskij, A. A. (1972). ''Mlekopitajuščie Sovetskogo Soiuza.'' Vysšaia Škola, Moskva. (In Russian; English translation: Heptner, V.G., Sludskii, A. A., Komarov, A., Komorov, N.; Hoffmann, R. S. (1992)
''Mammals of the Soviet Union. Vol III: Carnivores (Feloidea).''
Smithsonian Institution and the National Science Foundation, Washington DC).Humphreys, P., Kahrom, E. (1999)
Lion and Gazelle: The Mammals and Birds of Iran
Images Publishing, Avon.
Geography
The park is located in the eastern Alborz (Elburs) Mountains range and the western edge of the Kopet Dag range. It comprises 91,890 ha. Elevations in the park range from above sea level.Ecology
Golestan National Park has a variety of habitats, such as temperate broad leaf forests, grasslands, shrublands and rocky areas.UNESCO – World Heritage; Ref.5213/ref> The diverse flora includes stands of white ''
Eremurus kopetdaghensis
''Eremurus'' is a genus of deciduous perennial flowers in the family Asphodelaceae. They are also known as the foxtail lilies or desert candles. They are native to eastern Europe in (Russia and Ukraine), and temperate Asia from Turkey to China. ...
'', ''Iris acutiloba subsp. lineolata
''Iris acutiloba'' subsp. ''lineolata'' is a species in the genus ''Iris (plant), Iris'', it is also in the subgenus of Iris subg. Iris, Iris. It is a subspecies of ''Iris acutiloba'', and is a rhizomatous perennial plant, perennial, from the mo ...
'' and ''Iris kopetdagensis
Iris most often refers to:
*Iris (anatomy), part of the eye
*Iris (mythology), a Greek goddess
* ''Iris'' (plant), a genus of flowering plants
* Iris (color), an ambiguous color term
Iris or IRIS may also refer to:
Arts and media
Fictional ent ...
''.
The fauna is very rich and consists of Persian leopard
''Panthera pardus tulliana'' is a leopard subspecies native to the Iranian Plateau and surrounding areas encompassing Turkey, the Caucasus, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Armenia, Iraq, Iran, Turkmenistan, Afghanistan and possibly Pakistan. Since 2016, i ...
s (''Panthera pardus ciscaucasica''), Indian wolves
The Indian wolf (''Canis lupus pallipes'') is a subspecies of gray wolf that ranges from Southwest Asia to the Indian Subcontinent. It is intermediate in size between the Himalayan wolf and the Arabian wolf, and lacks the former's luxuriant wint ...
(''Canis lupus pallipes''), brown bear (''Ursus arctos''), golden jackal (''Canis aureus''), wild boars (''Sus scrofa''), maral deer (''Cervus elaphus maral''), roe deer (''Capreolus capreolus''), urial (''Ovis orientalis arkal''), wild goats (''Capra aegagrus'') and goitered gazelles (''Gazella subgutturosa'').Meigouni, H.G., Jahanshahi, M.; Kavoosi, K.; Kiabi B.H.: ''A Study on Herbivorous Habits of Wild Pig (Sus Scrofa) In Golestand National Park''. Journal of Environmental Studies. March 2003; 28(30):55−64.
Extinct
Iran's last known tigers had occurred in this area, before 1960.Geptner, V. G., Sludskij, A. A. (1972). ''Mlekopitajuščie Sovetskogo Soiuza.'' Vysšaia Škola, Moskva. (In Russian; English translation: Heptner, V.G., Sludskii, A. A., Komarov, A., Komorov, N.; Hoffmann, R. S. (1992)''Mammals of the Soviet Union. Vol III: Carnivores (Feloidea).''
Smithsonian Institution and the National Science Foundation, Washington DC).Humphreys, P., Kahrom, E. (1999)
Lion and Gazelle: The Mammals and Birds of Iran
Images Publishing, Avon.
See also
* * Caspian Hyrcanian mixed forests *List of national parks and protected areas of Iran
The National parks and protected areas, and wildlife refuges, of Iransepehr
Listings
There are around 200 protected areas in Iran to preserve the precious biodiversity of this country and there are about 16 National Parks among them that are ho ...
* Wildlife of Iran The wildlife of Iran include the fauna and flora of Iran.
One of the most famous wildlife of Iran is the critically endangered Asiatic cheetah (''Acinonyx jubatus venaticus''), which today survives only in Iran.
History
The wildlife of Iran first ...
References
External links
{{authority control National parks of Iran Alborz (mountain range) Biosphere reserves of Iran Geography of Golestan Province Tourist attractions in Golestan Province