Lee Yeongdo (; born 1972) is a Korean novelist known for his work in

fantasy Fantasy is a genre of speculative fiction involving Magic (supernatural), magical elements, typically set in a fictional universe and sometimes inspired by mythology and folklore. Its roots are in oral traditions, which then became fantasy ...

and science fiction genre. He is best known for his ''

Dragon Raja ''Dragon Raja'' (Korean language, Korean:드래곤 라자; abbreviated as 드라) is the first series of fantasy Web novels in South Korea, web novels written by Lee Yeongdo, one of the most famous fantasy novelists in South Korea. The books chron ...

'' series of fantasy novels which is also his debut work, serialised on an online forum from 1997 and published on its completion in 1998. At the time ''Dragon Raja'' was first published, Korean readership for fantasy genre(specifically its

medievalist The asterisk ( ), from Late Latin , from Ancient Greek , ''asteriskos'', "little star", is a typographical symbol. It is so called because it resembles a conventional image of a heraldic star. Computer scientists and mathematicians often voc ...

form) was considered unsubstantial and unaccounted for by press. But ''Dragon Raja'' has sold close to 2 million books in 4 languages. This was a significant feat for the fantasy genre in Korea where the annual circulation of domestic literature and fiction titles as a whole, ranges between 12~20 million copies. Dragon Raja's success has prompted a rapid growth of Korean fantasy and science fiction genre, and contributed to the growing acceptance of

web fiction Web fiction is written works of literature available primarily or solely on the Internet. A common type of web fiction is the web serial. The term comes from old serial stories that were once published regularly in newspapers and magazines. Unlike ...

, referred to as "Internet literature", both by the country's general public and literary world. Lee is currently one of the best-selling fantasy writers in Korea.

Background

Early life

Lee was born in 1972 in

Busan Busan (), officially known as is South Korea's most populous city after Seoul, with a population of over 3.4 million inhabitants. Formerly romanized as Pusan, it is the economic, cultural and educational center of southeastern South Korea, w ...

, South Korea, the first child of two brothers. When Lee was 2 years old, his family moved to

Masan Masan is an administrative region of Changwon, a city in the South Gyeongsang Province. It was formerly an independent city from 1949 until 30 June 2010, when it was absorbed to Changwon along with Jinhae. Masan was redistricted as two district ...

South Gyeongsang South Gyeongsang Province ( ko, 경상남도, translit=Gyeongsangnam-do, ) is a province in the southeast of South Korea. The provincial capital is at Changwon. It is adjacent to the major metropolitan center and port of Busan. The UNESCO World ...

Province where he has lived since. As a child he read heavily in various subjects. In 1991 he entered Kyungnam University where he studied Korean language and literature. He started writing seriously from 1993, but didn't think that he would be writing novels.

Beginnings of the "typer"

Mid-1990s were when fantasy and science fiction literature was just being introduced to Korea. Lee remembered that "if you asked people what is fantasy, they would say 'Isn't that like western martial arts'" in a 2008 interview. He found the genre attractive and decided to try a story with it. It was also when various

online service providers An online service provider (OSP) can, for example, be an Internet service provider, an email provider, a news provider (press), an entertainment provider (music, movies), a search engine, an e-commerce site, an online banking site, a health site, ...

similar to

CompuServe CompuServe (CompuServe Information Service, also known by its initialism CIS) was an American online service provider, the first major commercial one in the world – described in 1994 as "the oldest of the Big Three information services (the oth ...

in United States (but different in its interface being text-only) were emerging. Lee joined one such provider, Hitel, to start posting on its Serial forum what would be the first chapters of ''Dragon Raja''. Lee serialized ''Dragon Raja'' from October 1997 to April 1998, referring to himself as "typer" as he typed and didn't pen his work. The chapters quickly gained popularity and Lee's readers began waiting online for Lee to post the new ones. Lee usually posted his works well after midnight, and Lee's readers began calling themselves

zombies A zombie (Haitian French: , ht, zonbi) is a mythological undead corporeal revenant created through the reanimation of a corpse. Zombies are most commonly found in horror and fantasy genre works. The term comes from Haitian folklore, in whic ...

, and Lee the

Necromancer Necromancy () is the practice of magic or black magic involving communication with the dead by summoning their spirits as apparitions or visions, or by resurrection for the purpose of divination; imparting the means to foretell future events; ...

summoning them online every night. Through its 6-month running, ''Dragon Raja'' accumulated 900,000 hits, and its publishing rights were soon taken by

Golden Bough ''The Golden Bough: A Study in Comparative Religion'' (retitled ''The Golden Bough: A Study in Magic and Religion'' in its second edition) is a wide-ranging, comparative study of mythology and religion, written by the Scottish anthropologist Sir ...

, an

imprint Imprint or imprinting may refer to: Entertainment * ''Imprint'' (TV series), Canadian television series * "Imprint" (''Masters of Horror''), episode of TV show ''Masters of Horror'' * ''Imprint'' (film), a 2007 independent drama/thriller film ...

of Minumsa Publishing Group. Beginning in May 1998, the novel was published in 12 paperback volumes. In the midst of his debut success, Lee began typing his second novel '' Future Walker'', a sequel to ''Dragon Raja''. ''Future Walker'' was serialised on the same forum from October 1998 to June 1999, and published in August by Golden Bough in 7 paperback volumes. Lee continued to use Hitel's serial forum for writing his novels such as '' Polaris Rhapsody'', ''

The Bird That Drinks Tears ''The Bird That Drinks Tears'' (; abbreviated as ) is a series of South Korean fantasy Web novels in South Korea, web novels by Lee Yeongdo. A rare example of the genre Korean Fantasy, the stock characters and clichés of normal western fantasy ...

'', '' The Bird That Drinks Blood'' and a few short stories. All of these stories were published upon completion (and deleted from the forum) or collected in later publications by Golden Bough, which remains Lee's publisher today. This practice of online serialization and getting published based on its popularity (estimated by the work's view counts) surged in fantasy, science,

romance fiction A romance novel or romantic novel generally refers to a type of genre fiction novel which places its primary focus on the relationship and Romance (love), romantic love between two people, and usually has an "emotionally satisfying and optimis ...

in Korea. Online forums dedicated to these genres opened in hundreds by 2000 attracting prospective writers, and caused the boom of the Internet literature. Outside the forum he published a short story ''Over the Horizon'' as an

e-book An ebook (short for electronic book), also known as an e-book or eBook, is a book publication made available in digital form, consisting of text, images, or both, readable on the flat-panel display of computers or other electronic devices. Alt ...

in 2000, and wrote a series of children's stories for RedPen study books published by Kyowon Co. Ltd.

After Hitel

The popularization of

HTTP The Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is an application layer protocol in the Internet protocol suite model for distributed, collaborative, hypermedia information systems. HTTP is the foundation of data communication for the World Wide Web, ...

and the

Web browser A web browser is application software for accessing websites. When a user requests a web page from a particular website, the browser retrieves its files from a web server and then displays the page on the user's screen. Browsers are used on ...

caused the decline of Hitel and other commercial online services, and Lee's readership on the forum was greatly reduced. But Lee continued to use Hitel forum to 2005, completing ''The Bird That Drinks Blood,'' the last of his multi-volume novels as of July 2014. After the forum was closed in 2007 Lee said in an interview that he was searching for a place to serialize his work online, saying that "the realtime feedback from the readers is a big joy, and I miss that feeling." But he found it difficult to find a replacement to the old text-only forum, which was "easier for imto access because

he forum He or HE may refer to: Language * He (pronoun), an English pronoun * He (kana), the romanization of the Japanese kana へ * He (letter), the fifth letter of many Semitic alphabets * He (Cyrillic), a letter of the Cyrillic script called ''He'' in ...

s white text on blue limited one's expression to text, and it enabled imto show individuality purely through words." The web's increased sense of community and of the writer's presence thereby, made it more difficult for him. "I believe words and people are separate," Lee said, "some people may like a writing and want to find about the writer, but I don't." Between 2005 and 2008 Lee wrote several short stories for science fiction magazines, including ''Regarding the Translation of KAIWAPANDOM'' which has been translated into English. There were talks of publishing ''Dragon Raja'' in the United States in 2006, to which Lee's response was "I don't want to disgrace our country." Lee's publisher Golden Bough has run an online community from 1999 where the publisher and Lee's fans discuss and actively participate in publication of Lee's current and upcoming works. There the publisher ran limited edition campaigns for ''Polaris Rhapsody'' in 2000 and for ''Dragon Raja'' 's 10-year anniversary in 2008. In 2011, a campaign for the new hardback edition for ''Future Walker'' has been announced. In 2015, a new hardback edition for ''Polaris Rhapsody'' was released. Officially, not much is known about Lee's life outside writing, other than that he helps out at his parents' persimmon farm in his spare time.

Writing (or Typing)

Since his debut with ''Dragon Raja'' Lee became known for his prolific writing, publishing 40 books including 6 novels in 7 years. When asked about his speed in writing, Lee said "it just gets written, and once started I can't contain it and sometimes write as much as 9 pagesa day" but that "each line after line is hard still" nevertheless. He enjoys intellectual play in his works, constantly twisting words and philosophical concepts. Lee says "the way I like is, even if it becomes difficult, separating what can be separated."

Korean fantasy genre

Lee is credited as one of the pioneers for

fantasy literature Fantasy literature is literature set in an imaginary universe, often but not always without any locations, events, or people from the real world. Magic, the supernatural and magical creatures are common in many of these imaginary worlds. Fan ...

in Korea and its growing acceptance by the literary world, due to the political and philosophical discourse and the huge scale of the created world in his works. His own response to this tends to stay non-opinionated. Lee is quoted to say that "fantasy is better when read as fantasy." He explains this in a

Naver Naver (Hangul: 네이버) is a South Korean online platform operated by the Naver Corporation. It was launched in 1999 as the first web portal in South Korea to develop and use its own search engine. It was also the world's first operator to in ...

interview that "treating ''

The Lord of the Rings ''The Lord of the Rings'' is an epic high-fantasy novel by English author and scholar J. R. R. Tolkien. Set in Middle-earth, intended to be Earth at some time in the distant past, the story began as a sequel to Tolkien's 1937 children's boo ...

'' as a shoddy

allegory As a literary device or artistic form, an allegory is a narrative or visual representation in which a character, place, or event can be interpreted to represent a hidden meaning with moral or political significance. Authors have used allegory th ...

to reality and reading it as an example of

Orientalism In art history, literature and cultural studies, Orientalism is the imitation or depiction of aspects in the Eastern world. These depictions are usually done by writers, designers, and artists from the Western world. In particular, Orientalist p ...

literature where

Gandalf Gandalf is a protagonist in J. R. R. Tolkien's novels ''The Hobbit'' and ''The Lord of the Rings''. He is a Wizards (Middle-earth), wizard, one of the ''Istari'' order, and the leader of the Fellowship of the Ring (characters), Fellowship of t ...

the 'White' crowns the returned king of the 'West', would leave a lot of the novels to be missed. (If you admit such, almost outrageous logic, because humanity becomes extincts many times

Kurt Vonnegut Kurt Vonnegut Jr. (November 11, 1922 – April 11, 2007) was an American writer known for his satirical and darkly humorous novels. In a career spanning over 50 years, he published fourteen novels, three short-story collections, five plays, and ...

would be anti-humanism, sadly.)" He explained "fantasy is fantasy, and not the reality's narrow allegories or scary

simulacra A simulacrum (plural: simulacra or simulacrums, from Latin ''simulacrum'', which means "likeness, semblance") is a representation or imitation of a person or thing. The word was first recorded in the English language in the late 16th century, us ...

; it is neither reality in disguise nor does it expel the reality and take its place." Lee described reading fantasy as "going into fantasy to gain something, or to give something, and we simply return to the reality" giving

Michael Ende Michael Andreas Helmuth Ende (12 November 1929 – 28 August 1995) was a German writer of fantasy and children's fiction. He is known for his epic fantasy ''The Neverending Story'' (with its 1980s film adaptation and a 1995 animated television ...

's ''

The Neverending Story ''The Neverending Story'' (german: Die unendliche Geschichte) is a fantasy novel by German writer Michael Ende, published in 1979. The first English translation, by Ralph Manheim, was published in 1983. The novel was later adapted into several f ...

'' as a great example for this. Lee also says being "fantastic" has little to do with the quality of a fantasy work.

Style and major themes

Lee plays on words and heavily uses

defamiliarization Defamiliarization or ''ostranenie'' ( rus, остранение, p=ɐstrɐˈnʲenʲɪjə) is the artistic technique of presenting to audiences common things in an unfamiliar or strange way so they could gain new perspectives and see the world diffe ...

, often involving

metaphysical Metaphysics is the branch of philosophy that studies the fundamental nature of reality, the first principles of being, identity and change, space and time, causality, necessity, and possibility. It includes questions about the nature of conscio ...

conversations among characters. Philosophical discourse plays a major part in the plot of his novels. Lee's play on words applies to characters' names as well. From ''Dragon Raja'' and ''Future Walker'' Karl Heltant has a sharp mind and a first name that is a Korean word for knife(칼 ''kal''), while Sanson Percival's hands are strong in battle, or ''ssen son''(센 손). Two brothers in ''Polaris Rhapsody'' are named Sopala and Sosara, or Sellcow and Buycow, while another two in ''The Bird That Drinks Blood'' are named Saramal and Paramal, or Buyhorse and Sellhorse. Lee examines and questions human nature, which affects the destiny of human race in his stories. In ''Dragon Raja'' series the human race is defined by its power and will to cause change. While other races like elves, dwarves and dragons are defined by their characteristics and strength, they are described to lack the ability to change as humans do. Thus human race is empowered to change the world (in human-centered ways) and to cause its time to go on. This power the humanity has over the world is explored in ''Future Walker''. In ''Polaris Rhapsody'' Lee incorporates the humanity's desire for revenge and for freedom in

feudal Feudalism, also known as the feudal system, was the combination of the legal, economic, military, cultural and political customs that flourished in Middle Ages, medieval Europe between the 9th and 15th centuries. Broadly defined, it was a wa ...

conflicts and

pirate Piracy is an act of robbery or criminal violence by ship or boat-borne attackers upon another ship or a coastal area, typically with the goal of stealing cargo and other valuable goods. Those who conduct acts of piracy are called pirates, v ...

wars. This conflict of revenge and freedom also involves Highmasters of Pandamonium, similar to

Seven princes of Hell There have been various attempts at the classification of demons within the contexts of classical mythology, demonology, occultism, and Renaissance magic. These classifications may be for purposes of traditional medicine, exorcisms, ceremonial m ...

, who cast a vote to decide the human race's destiny. Lee's novels also investigate religion and politics. In ''Polaris Rhapsody'' a Church that is similar to Catholic Church in the

Middle Ages In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period lasted approximately from the late 5th to the late 15th centuries, similar to the post-classical period of global history. It began with the fall of the Western Roman Empire a ...

coexists with the Highmasters who are heavily involved in the human warfare and politics. Gods play an essential part in the people's life in ''The Bird That Drinks Tears.'' The novel's title means someone who would drink the tears of others; the ideal ruler who would take away the sorrows of the people. The concept of an ideal ruler, referred to as "the king(왕), commonly appears in Lee's works. In ''The Bird That Drinks Tears'' the human race is characterized by its search for the king, and the sequel ''The Bird That Drinks Blood'' is about an empire that one such king has given the birth to. The empire accomplishes peace and order, ruled over by a grand flying capital. The story is told by various characters in different groups, who have different purposes in relation to the empire and its absolute power over people.

Bibliography

''Dragon Raja'' series

''Dragon Raja'' series consists of 2 multi-volume and 1 single-volume novels, 3 short stories and a children's story. The stories take place in a

fictional world A fictional universe, or fictional world, is a self-consistent setting with events, and often other elements, that differ from the real world. It may also be called an imagined, constructed, or fictional realm (or world). Fictional universes m ...

on an unnamed continent which draws upon the works of

J.R.R. Tolkien John Ronald Reuel Tolkien (, ; 3 January 1892 – 2 September 1973) was an English writer and philologist. He was the author of the high fantasy works ''The Hobbit'' and ''The Lord of the Rings''. From 1925 to 1945, Tolkien was the Rawlins ...

in its presence of

dragons A dragon is a reptilian legendary creature that appears in the folklore of many cultures worldwide. Beliefs about dragons vary considerably through regions, but dragons in western cultures since the High Middle Ages have often been depicted as ...

elves An elf () is a type of humanoid supernatural being in Germanic mythology and folklore. Elves appear especially in North Germanic mythology. They are subsequently mentioned in Snorri Sturluson's Icelandic Prose Edda. He distinguishes "ligh ...

orcs An Orc (or Ork) is a fictional humanoid monster like a goblin. Orcs were brought into modern usage by the fantasy writings of J. R. R. Tolkien, especially ''The Lord of the Rings''. In Tolkien's works, Orcs are a brutish, aggressive, ugly, a ...

, dwarves and halfings, and also upon D&D in its system of

magic Magic or Magick most commonly refers to: * Magic (supernatural), beliefs and actions employed to influence supernatural beings and forces * Ceremonial magic, encompasses a wide variety of rituals of magic * Magical thinking, the belief that unrela ...

. Each novel's stories differ greatly from one to another, the last novel ''Marks of Shadow'' taking place a thousands years after ''Dragon Raja'' and ''Future Walker''.

Novels

* ''

'' (드래곤 라자) (1998) * '' Future Walker'' (퓨처 워커) (1999) * '' Marks of Shadow'' (그림자 자국 ''Geurimja Jaguk'') (2008)

Short stories

Collected as ''A Scene from a Laboratory,'' these are prequel to ''Dragon Raja'' and ''Future Walker.'' * ''

Golem A golem ( ; he, , gōlem) is an animated, anthropomorphic being in Jewish folklore, which is entirely created from inanimate matter (usually clay or mud). The most famous golem narrative involves Judah Loew ben Bezalel, the late 16th-century ...

'' (골렘) (1998) * ''

Chimera Chimera, Chimaera, or Chimaira (Greek for " she-goat") originally referred to: * Chimera (mythology), a fire-breathing monster of Ancient Lycia said to combine parts from multiple animals * Mount Chimaera, a fire-spewing region of Lycia or Cilicia ...

'' (키메라) (2001) * '' The Source of Happiness'' (행복의 근원, ''Hængbog-ui Geun-won'') (2004)

Children's story

* '' Wisdom of the Desert'' (사막의 지혜, ''Samag-ui Jihye'') (2008) An illustrated book published as a part of ''Dragon Raja'' 's 10-year anniversary limited edition.

''Bird'' series

The ''Bird'' series is set in a world of four

deities A deity or god is a supernatural being who is considered divine or sacred. The ''Oxford Dictionary of English'' defines deity as a god or goddess, or anything revered as divine. C. Scott Littleton defines a deity as "a being with powers greate ...

and their four races of

chosen people Throughout history, various groups of people have considered themselves to be the chosen people of a deity, for a particular purpose. The phenomenon of a "chosen people" is well known among the Israelites and Jews, where the term ( he, עם ס� ...

-- Nagas, Lekons,

Dokkaebi Dokkaebi ( ko, 도깨비) are legendary creatures from Korean mythology and folklore. Dokkaebi, also known as "Korean goblins", are nature deities or spirits possessing extraordinary powers and abilities that are used to interact with humans, ...

s and humans. The series has been acclaimed for its use of old Korean language and allusion to Korean medieval history and mythology in the world's creation. * ''

'' (눈물을 마시는 새, ''Nunmureul masineun sae'') (2003) * '' The Bird That Drinks Blood'' (피를 마시는 새, ''Pireul masineun sae'') (2005)

Other novels

* '' Polaris Rhapsody'' (폴라리스 랩소디) (2001) * ''

Over the Horizon Samsung Galaxy (, stylised as SΛMSUNG Galaxy since 2015 (except Japan where it omits the Samsung branding), previously stylised as Samsung GALAXY; abbreviated as SG) is a series of computing and mobile computing devices that are designed, m ...

'' (오버 더 호라이즌) (2004) – Collection of three stories. The first story, ''Over the Horizon'' is available in English as a
iTunes app

Short story cycles

* ''

Spring Is Here "Spring is Here" is a 1938 popular song composed by Richard Rodgers, with lyrics by Lorenz Hart for the musical ''I Married an Angel'' (1938), where it was introduced by Dennis King and Vivienne Segal. Rodgers and Hart had previously written a s ...

'' (봄이 왔다 ''Bomi Watda'') (2005) * '' Regarding the Translation of KAIWAPANDOM'' (카이와판돔의 번역에 관하여 ''Ka-i-wapandom-ui Beon-yeog-e Gwanha-yeo'') (2005) – English translation available. * '' About the Robot that Became A Savior'' (구세주가 된 로봇에 대하여 ''Gusejuga doen Robos-e Daeha-yeo'') (2006) * '' About the Meaning of Teleportation'' (순간이동의 의미에 대하여 ''Sungan-idong-ui Uimi-e Daeha-yeo'') (2007) * '' Regarding Starknitting'' (별뜨기에 관하여 ''Byeoltteugi-e Gwanha-yeo'') (2008) * '' Esoril's Dragon'' (에소릴의 드래곤 ''Esoril-ui Deuraegon'') (2009) * '' Shangpi's Miners'' (샹파이의 광부들 ''Syangpai-ui Gwangbu-deul'') (2009)

Short story collections

* '' Lee Yeongdo's Stories of Fantasy'' (이영도 판타지 단편집) (2001) * '' Over the Horizon: A Collection of Lee Yeongdo's Fantastic Stories'' (오버 더 호라이즌 – 이영도 환상단편 소설선) (2004)

Adaptations

Dragon Raja Online

Lee's ''Dragon Raja'' world and its main characters have been used as a basis for a

MMORPG A massively multiplayer online role-playing game (MMORPG) is a video game that combines aspects of a role-playing video game and a massively multiplayer online game. As in role-playing games (RPGs), the player assumes the role of a Player charac ...

, Dragon Raja Online, or DRO. The game began development in 1998 with the investment by

Samsung Electronics Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (, sometimes shortened to SEC and stylized as SΛMSUNG) is a South Korean multinational corporation, multinational electronics corporation headquartered in Yeongtong-gu, Suwon, South Korea. It is the pinnacle of ...

, and was released in 2000 in South Korea, and later in 10 countries including

Taiwan Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a country in East Asia, at the junction of the East and South China Seas in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, with the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the northwest, Japan to the nort ...

and China as 龍族. where the novel was published in the same title and marketed along with the game. After a series of M&A of its developing company over the years, DRO's Korean service was closed in 2011. The English version of the game however, can be accessed a
here
and the global service has remained live. (August 2011)

Dragon Raja Mobile

In 2004 a mobile RPG ''Dragon Raja Mobile'', or DRM, was released through KTF's

mobile game A mobile game, or smartphone game, is a video game that is typically played on a mobile phone. The term also refers to all games that are played on any portable device, including from mobile phone (feature phone or smartphone), tablet, PDA to ...

services. The game's storyline of 15-hours playtime on average, was based on the beginning chapters of the novel. In Dec. 2015, LOCOJOY International announced a "3D action RPG" was in development by Vision Bros, a Korean mobile developer, and would be released in the 1st quarter of 2016. A closed "final test" beta was announced and players could register using their mobile phone numbers. The beta began on 1 January 2016 and ended on 5 January 2016. The game ''Dragon Raja M'' was released on

Google Play Google Play, also known as the Google Play Store and formerly the Android Market, is a digital distribution service operated and developed by Google. It serves as the official app store for certified devices running on the Android (operating sys ...

for

Android Android may refer to: Science and technology * Android (robot), a humanoid robot or synthetic organism designed to imitate a human * Android (operating system), Google's mobile operating system ** Bugdroid, a Google mascot sometimes referred to ...

on 11 February 2016.

Illustrated novels

The Japanese edition of ''Dragon Raja'' and ''Future Walker'' are illustrated b
Eiji Kaneda
who is known for his works for the

anime is Traditional animation, hand-drawn and computer animation, computer-generated animation originating from Japan. Outside of Japan and in English, ''anime'' refers specifically to animation produced in Japan. However, in Japan and in Japane ...

series

Genesis of Aquarion , also known simply as ''Aquarion'' is a Japanese anime television series written and directed by Shoji Kawamori, produced by Satelight. Set in the future, a giant fighting machine called the Aquarion is humanity's only effective weapon in th ...

. The online versions of Lee's short stories ''Regarding the Translation of KAIWAPANDOM'' and ''Regarding Starknitting'' include a few illustrations.

Comic books

''Dragon Raja'' was an inspiration for a series of comic books by Son Bong-gyu of the same title. Lee's short story ''About the Robot that Became a Savior'' was adapted into a short comic by Onesound

Radio

''Dragon Raja'' was adopted as a part of

KBS Radio 2 KBS Radio 2 (Hangul: KBS 2 라디오; also known by its nickname Happy FM) is a K-Pop, classical music, and entertainment network of the Korean Broadcasting System. Opened in 1933 on AM Radio, the network began utilising FM Radio frequencies 67 y ...

's ''Fantasy Express'' program, and the total of 83 episodes ran in 2001.

References

External links

Lee Yeongdo's official publishing community
(Korean)
Lee Yeongdo's short stories on Naver Cast
(Korean)
''Over the Horizon'' English iTunes book app

''Regarding Translation of KAIWAPANDOM'' English translation
{{DEFAULTSORT:Lee, Yeongdo Living people 1972 births South Korean fantasy writers South Korean science fiction writers