Helton Godwin Baynes, also known as ‘Peter’ Baynes (26 June 1882,

Hampstead Hampstead () is an area in London, which lies northwest of Charing Cross, and extends from Watling Street, the A5 road (Roman Watling Street) to Hampstead Heath, a large, hilly expanse of parkland. The area forms the northwest part of the Lon ...

– 6 September 1943), was an English physician, army officer, analytical psychologist and author, who was a friend and early translator into English of

Carl Jung Carl Gustav Jung ( ; ; 26 July 1875 – 6 June 1961) was a Swiss psychiatrist and psychoanalyst who founded analytical psychology. Jung's work has been influential in the fields of psychiatry, anthropology, archaeology, literature, philo ...

Life

Baynes was educated at

Leighton Park School Leighton Park School is a co-educational Independent school (United Kingdom), independent school for both day and boarding pupils in Reading, Berkshire, Reading in South East England. The school's ethos is closely tied to the Quaker values, havin ...

(along with two other leading members of the

British Psychoanalytical Society The British Psychoanalytical Society was founded by the British neurologist Ernest Jones as the London Psychoanalytical Society on 30 October 1913. It is one of two organizations in Britain training psychoanalysts, the other being the British P ...

: John Rickman and

Lionel Penrose Lionel Sharples Penrose, FRS (11 June 1898 – 12 May 1972) was an English psychiatrist, medical geneticist, paediatrician, mathematician and chess theorist, who carried out pioneering work on the genetics of intellectual disability. Penrose w ...

) and then at

Trinity College, Cambridge Trinity College is a constituent college of the University of Cambridge. Founded in 1546 by Henry VIII, King Henry VIII, Trinity is one of the largest Cambridge colleges, with the largest financial endowment of any college at either Cambridge ...

where he read medicine and where he won

Blues Blues is a music genre and musical form which originated in the Deep South of the United States around the 1860s. Blues incorporated spirituals, work songs, field hollers, shouts, chants, and rhymed simple narrative ballads from the Afr ...

for Rowing and Swimming two years running. He graduated M.B. B.C. in 1910. In 1913 he married Rosalind Thornycroft (1891-1973), daughter of Sir William

Hamo Thornycroft Sir William Hamo Thornycroft (9 March 185018 December 1925) was an English sculptor, responsible for some of London's best-known statues, including the statue of Oliver Cromwell outside the Palace of Westminster. He was a keen student of classi ...

, their daughters Bridget Rosalind and Chloë were born in 1914 and 1916. Godwin and Rosalind were divorced in 1921. (Rosalind, a friend of

D. H. Lawrence David Herbert Lawrence (11 September 1885 – 2 March 1930) was an English writer, novelist, poet and essayist. His works reflect on modernity, industrialization, sexuality, emotional health, vitality, spontaneity and instinct. His best-k ...

, later married the art historian Arthur E. Popham.) In 1927 he married Cary De Angulo. She divorced him in 1931 when he became involved with someone else. Baynes died on 6 September 1943.

Background

Baynes became a House Physician at

St Bartholomew's Hospital St Bartholomew's Hospital, commonly known as Barts, is a teaching hospital located in the City of London. It was founded in 1123 and is currently run by Barts Health NHS Trust. History Early history Barts was founded in 1123 by Rahere (died ...

for his

qualifying Qualification is either the process of qualifying for an achievement, or a credential attesting to that achievement, and may refer to: * Professional qualification, attributes developed by obtaining academic degrees or through professional exper ...

year, obtaining his M.R.C.S.Eng, L.R.C.P.Lond in 1912. Later he studied

hypnotism Hypnosis is a human condition involving focused attention (the selective attention/selective inattention hypothesis, SASI), reduced peripheral awareness, and an enhanced capacity to respond to suggestion.In 2015, the American Psychologica ...

at ''

La Salpêtrière LA most frequently refers to Los Angeles, the second largest city in the United States. La, LA, or L.A. may also refer to: Arts and entertainment Music * La (musical note), or A, the sixth note * "L.A.", a song by Elliott Smith on ''Figur ...

'' in Paris. He volunteered to serve in the

First Balkan War The First Balkan War ( sr, Први балкански рат, ''Prvi balkanski rat''; bg, Балканска война; el, Αʹ Βαλκανικός πόλεμος; tr, Birinci Balkan Savaşı) lasted from October 1912 to May 1913 and invo ...

(1912-1913) and was head of the

Red Crescent The International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement is a humanitarian movement with approximately 97 million volunteers, members and staff worldwide. It was founded to protect human life and health, to ensure respect for all human beings, an ...

mission to

Turkey Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, links=no ), is a list of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country located mainly on the Anatolia, Anatolian Peninsula in Western Asia, with ...

and was decorated by

Enver Pasha İsmail Enver, better known as Enver Pasha ( ota, اسماعیل انور پاشا; tr, İsmail Enver Paşa; 22 November 1881 – 4 August 1922) was an Ottoman military officer, revolutionary, and convicted war criminal who formed one-third ...

. After practicing in

Bethnal Green Bethnal Green is an area in the East End of London northeast of Charing Cross. The area emerged from the small settlement which developed around the common land, Green, much of which survives today as Bethnal Green Gardens, beside Cambridge Heat ...

he moved to

Wisbech Wisbech ( ) is a market town, inland Port of Wisbech, port and civil parish in the Fenland District, Fenland district in Cambridgeshire, England. In 2011 it had a population of 31,573. The town lies in the far north-east of Cambridgeshire, bord ...

in late 1913, leaving the town in 1915. He had established a new practice in the Old Market. He served in the

RAMC The Royal Army Medical Corps (RAMC) is a specialist corps in the British Army which provides medical services to all Army personnel and their families, in war and in peace. The RAMC, the Royal Army Veterinary Corps, the Royal Army Dental Corps a ...

France France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of Overseas France, overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic, Pacific Ocean, Pac ...

Mesopotamia Mesopotamia ''Mesopotamíā''; ar, بِلَاد ٱلرَّافِدَيْن or ; syc, ܐܪܡ ܢܗܪ̈ܝܢ, or , ) is a historical region of Western Asia situated within the Tigris–Euphrates river system, in the northern part of the F ...

and

Persia Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkmeni ...

and was mentioned in dispatches. During

World War I World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fightin ...

he became interested in Jung's psychology and was part of a group that formed the Analytical Psychology Club after the war. It was modelled on the club convened by Jung in Zurich. In 1922 Baynes went to Zurich for analysis. That year he started collaborating with Cary Angulo, née Fink (1883-1977) in translating Jung.Library of Congress Name Authority File: Cary F. Baynes
/ref> Baynes accompanied Jung on his expedition to

East Africa East Africa, Eastern Africa, or East of Africa, is the eastern subregion of the African continent. In the United Nations Statistics Division scheme of geographic regions, 10-11-(16*) territories make up Eastern Africa: Due to the historical ...

in 1925–26. On his return to the UK, he became one of the chief proponents of the new psychology, and leader of the London club, while others emigrated. Baynes was a friend of the Fordham family and was supportive of them after Mrs. Fordham died leaving teenage children among whom was the future fellow Trinity alumnus and pioneer Jungian analyst,

Michael Fordham Michael Scott Montague Fordham (4 August 1905 – 14 April 1995) was an English child psychiatrist and Jungian analyst. He was a co-editor of the English translation of C.G. Jung's Collected Works. His clinical and theoretical collaboration ...

. Baynes offered him a first brief analysis in 1933, and after Fordham failed to become an assistant to Jung in Zurich, Baynes saw him again for a period (1935–36) before handing him on to Hildegard Kirsch, a Zurich trained psychologist and refugee from Germany.

List of selected publications

* ''Mythology of the soul; a research into the unconscious from schizophrenic dreams and drawings'', London: Baillière, Tindall and Cox, 1940. * ''Germany possessed'', 1941. With an introduction by

Hermann Rauschning Hermann Adolf Reinhold Rauschning (7 August 1887 – February 8, 1982) was a German politician and author, adherent of the Conservative Revolution movement who briefly joined the Nazi movement before breaking with it. He was the President of the ...

. * ''Analytical psychology and the English mind, and other papers'', London: Methuen, 1950. * "Foreword" to ''Analytical Psychology and the English Mind and Other Papers''. London: Methuen and republican. ''CW'' 18, 78 ;Translated into English * Jung, C. G., tr. Baynes, H. G. (1920). "The Psychological Foundations of Belief in Spirits." ''Proceedings of the

Society for Psychical Research The Society for Psychical Research (SPR) is a nonprofit organisation in the United Kingdom. Its stated purpose is to understand events and abilities commonly described as psychic or paranormal. It describes itself as the "first society to condu ...

'', XXXI:79 (May), 75–93. Read before a Society meeting, London, 4 July 1919. * Jung, C. G., & Baynes, H. G. (1921). '' Psychological Types'', or, ''The Psychology of Individuation''. London: Kegan Paul Trench Trubner. (Collected Works Vol.6 ) and New York: Harcourt, Brace & Co., 1926.

The International Library of Psychology, Philosophy and Scientific Method The International Library of Psychology, Philosophy and Scientific Method was an influential series of monographs published from 1922 to 1965 under the general editorship of Charles Kay Ogden by Kegan Paul, Trench Trubner & Co. in London. This ser ...

* Jung, C. G., Baynes, H. G., & Baynes, C. F. (1928). ''Contributions to Analytical Psychology''. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul. * Jung, C. G., tr. Baynes, H. G. & Baynes, C. F.(1928) ''Two essays on analytical psychology''. New York, Dodd, Mead and Co.

References

Bibliography

* * * * *

External links

Letters from Jung to Baynes
at the

Wellcome Library The Wellcome Library is founded on the collection formed by Sir Henry Wellcome (1853–1936), whose personal wealth allowed him to create one of the most ambitious collections of the 20th century. Henry Wellcome's interest was the history of med ...

{{DEFAULTSORT:Baynes, Helton Godwin 1882 births 1943 deaths English psychiatrists Jungian psychologists 20th-century British medical doctors Epistemologists 20th-century psychologists English psychologists People educated at Leighton Park School Alumni of Trinity College, Cambridge 20th-century British translators Royal Army Medical Corps officers