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Gnana Robinson (17 March 1935 – 3 February 2019) was an Indian Biblical scholar who studied the
Old Testament The Old Testament (often abbreviated OT) is the first division of the Christian biblical canon, which is based primarily upon the 24 books of the Hebrew Bible or Tanakh, a collection of ancient religious Hebrew writings by the Israelites. The ...
.


Biography

Robinson was born into a Christian family who were communicant members of what was then the South India United Church.Peace Trust, Kanyakumari, Founder's Profile, Internet, accessed 30 July 2008. He was educated in
Eraniel Eraniel is a panchayat town in Kanyakumari district in the state of Tamil Nadu, India. It is of major commercial and political importance in the history of South India, as it was the seasonal capital of the affluent Venad and later Travancore ...
in the
Kanyakumari district Kanniyakumari district is one of the 38 districts in Tamil Nadu state and the southernmost district in mainland India. It stands second in terms of population density among the districts of Tamil Nadu. It is also the richest district in Tamil Nad ...
of
Tamil Nadu Tamil Nadu (; , TN) is a States and union territories of India, state in southern India. It is the List of states and union territories of India by area, tenth largest Indian state by area and the List of states and union territories of India ...
, India. Robinson later studied at
Scott Christian College Scott Christian College is an autonomous, co-educational, arts and science college in Nagercoil, Tamil Nadu. Run by the Diocese of Kanyakumari of the Church of South India, the college is graded "''A''" under National Assessment and Accreditat ...
and obtained a Bachelor of Science degree in Mathematics. Robinson decided to pursue the priesthood, and his Church sponsored his theological studies. In 1957, Robinson joined the United Theological College and enrolled himself for a
Bachelor of Divinity In Western universities, a Bachelor of Divinity or Baccalaureate in Divinity (BD or BDiv; la, Baccalaureus Divinitatis) is a postgraduate academic degree awarded for a course taken in the study of divinity or related disciplines, such as theology ...
degree which he completed by 1960. Later, his Church assigned him a pastoral role, and Robinson served as Presbyter-in-Charge of the Kanyakumari District. Robinson was zealous for his studies and obtained permission from his
diocese In Ecclesiastical polity, church governance, a diocese or bishopric is the ecclesiastical district under the jurisdiction of a bishop. History In the later organization of the Roman Empire, the increasingly subdivided Roman province, pro ...
to pursue a
Master of Theology Master of Theology ( la, Theologiae Magister, abbreviated MTh, ThM, or MTheol) is a post-graduate degree offered by universities, divinity schools, and seminaries. It can serve as a transition degree for entrance into a PhD program or as a stand ...
degree in
Bengaluru Bangalore (), officially Bengaluru (), is the capital and largest city of the Indian state of Karnataka. It has a population of more than and a metropolitan population of around , making it the third most populous city and fifth most ...
. Robinson chose to specialise in Old Testament studies and studied between 1961 – 1963. Robinson left India in 1964 for North America and joined the Union Theological Seminary of New York City and obtained a
Master of Sacred Theology The Master of Sacred Theology ( la, Sacrae Theologiae Magister; abbreviated STM) is a graduate-level, North American, academic degree in theology equivalent to ThM. The Roman Catholic equivalent is the Licentiate in Sacred Theology (STL). An ho ...
degree. Gnana also did a course in the
Tantur Ecumenical Institute for Theological Studies "Tantur" (from Arabic: الطنطورة, al-Tantura, lit. The Peak/Hill) may refer to: * Tantur Ecumenical Institute: An institute of advanced theological research in ecumenism located on Tantur hill in Jerusalem, near Bethlehem. * Tantour: a conica ...
in Israel. Robinson went on to pursue doctoral studies in the
University of Hamburg The University of Hamburg (german: link=no, Universität Hamburg, also referred to as UHH) is a public research university in Hamburg, Germany. It was founded on 28 March 1919 by combining the previous General Lecture System ('' Allgemeines Vor ...
in Germany. He registered himself at the School of Evangelical Theology and obtained a
Doctor of Theology Doctor of Theology ( la, Doctor Theologiae, abbreviated DTh, ThD, DTheol, or Dr. theol.) is a terminal degree in the academic discipline of theology. The ThD, like the ecclesiastical Doctor of Sacred Theology, is an advanced research degree equiva ...
degree 1975. Robinson considered
Klaus Koch Klaus Koch (October 4, 1926 – March 28, 2019) was an Old Testament scholar. Koch first studied in the Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz and later at the Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen. He did his doctoral dissertation at the Ruprec ...
, a professor at the university and a notable Old Testament scholar, to be his
guru Guru ( sa, गुरु, IAST: ''guru;'' Pali'': garu'') is a Sanskrit term for a "mentor, guide, expert, or master" of certain knowledge or field. In pan-Indian traditions, a guru is more than a teacher: traditionally, the guru is a reverentia ...
.


Professorship

Robinson began his teaching career at what was then the Tamil Nadu Theological College (now the
Tamil Nadu Theological Seminary Tamil Nadu Theological Seminary (TTS) is an ecumenical venture of Tamil churches in Arasaradi, Madurai, South India. TTS is affiliated with the Senate of Serampore College and Madurai Kamaraj University. The Principal is Rev. Dr. Margaret Kal ...
) in 1962. In 1987, Robinson accepted an invitation from the Predigerseminar at Soest, Germany to teach there. Later that year, however, the Principal of the United Theological College in
Bengaluru Bangalore (), officially Bengaluru (), is the capital and largest city of the Indian state of Karnataka. It has a population of more than and a metropolitan population of around , making it the third most populous city and fifth most ...
, India, Rev. Dr. E. C. John, retired, and the school formed a committee to find a replacement. Robinson accepted their invitation to return to India and become Principal there, and also headed their Department of Old Testament studies. Professor Gnana has been invited to other institutions as well, where he taught for shorter periods of time. He was Visiting Professor at the
University of Hamburg The University of Hamburg (german: link=no, Universität Hamburg, also referred to as UHH) is a public research university in Hamburg, Germany. It was founded on 28 March 1919 by combining the previous General Lecture System ('' Allgemeines Vor ...
in 1982, and also taught at the St. Andrew's Theological College in the
West Indies The West Indies is a subregion of North America, surrounded by the North Atlantic Ocean and the Caribbean Sea that includes 13 independent island countries and 18 dependencies and other territories in three major archipelagos: the Greater A ...
that same year. He taught at the
Andover Newton Theological School Andover Newton Theological School (ANTS) was a graduate school and seminary in Newton, Massachusetts. Affiliated with the American Baptist Churches USA and the United Church of Christ. It was the product of a merger between Andover Theological ...
in
Massachusetts Massachusetts (Massachusett language, Massachusett: ''Muhsachuweesut assachusett writing systems, məhswatʃəwiːsət'' English: , ), officially the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, is the most populous U.S. state, state in the New England ...
in 1983 as well as at the Lincoln Theological College in the United Kingdom.


Honours

While serving as the Principal of UTC, Bengaluru, friends of the Professor brought out a 377-page
festschrift In academia, a ''Festschrift'' (; plural, ''Festschriften'' ) is a book honoring a respected person, especially an academic, and presented during their lifetime. It generally takes the form of an edited volume, containing contributions from the h ...
in his honour edited by his junior colleague Rev. Dr. D. Jones Muthunayagam entitled ''Bible Speaks Today: Essays in honour of Gnana Robinson'', ISPCK, 2000,


Senate of Serampore College (University)

The
Senate of Serampore College The Senate of Serampore College (University) is located in Serampore in West Bengal, India. Serampore was granted the status of university in 1829, making it India's first institution to have the status of a university.Government of India, Mini ...
, West Bengal, the first University in India with degree-granting authority elected Gnana Robinson as its President in 1986. He was preceded by Rev. Dr. C. D. Jathanna. Rev. Gnana continued as its President till 1988 and was succeeded by Dr. Jacob Verghis. Again in the year 1997, Rev. Gnana was elected as the President and was later succeeded by Rev. Dr. J. W. Gladstone in the year 2000. Robinson was acknowledged to have provided leadership to the Senate which has over fifty theological colleges from South Asia affiliated to it.


Retirement and death

After retiring as the Principal of the UTC, Bengaluru, Gnana was invited by the Lutheran Theological Seminary in Philadelphia where he was Visiting Professor until 2001. He later returned to India, residing in Tamil Nadu, and was extensively involved in developmental activities. Gnana died in Florida on 3 February 2019, at the age of 83.


Development initiatives

For Rev. Robinson, theology did not mean existence within the seminary walls. He founded many development initiatives in Tamil Nadu. Prof. Gnana, as Principal of UTC, Bengaluru commissioned a team of volunteers along with the Ramakrishna Mission, Bengaluru to provide relief to the earthquake-affected people in Latur, Maharashtra. Gnana founded the Peace Trust, Kanyakumari. He also is a member on the following societies: * Bullock cart Workers' Development Association, * Peoples Association for Social Action, * Center for Rural Education and Employment for Development.


See also

*
Victor Premasagar Victor Premasagar (1927–2005) was the fourth successor of Frank Whittaker as Bishop in Medak. He was an Indian churchman and Old Testament scholar who made major contributions to research on the Old Testament and to the field of theology. Prem ...
*
Gerhard von Rad Gerhard von Rad (21 October 1901 – 31 October 1971) was a German academic, Old Testament scholar, Lutheran theologian, exegete, and professor at the University of Heidelberg. Early life, education, career Gerhard von Rad was born in Nurem ...
*
Senate of Serampore College (University) The Senate of Serampore College (University) is located in Serampore in West Bengal, India. Serampore was granted the status of university in 1829, making it India's first institution to have the status of a university.Government of India, Mini ...
*
University of Hamburg The University of Hamburg (german: link=no, Universität Hamburg, also referred to as UHH) is a public research university in Hamburg, Germany. It was founded on 28 March 1919 by combining the previous General Lecture System ('' Allgemeines Vor ...
*
Tamil Nadu Theological Seminary Tamil Nadu Theological Seminary (TTS) is an ecumenical venture of Tamil churches in Arasaradi, Madurai, South India. TTS is affiliated with the Senate of Serampore College and Madurai Kamaraj University. The Principal is Rev. Dr. Margaret Kal ...


References

;Notes ;Further reading * {{DEFAULTSORT:Robinson, Gnana 1935 births 2019 deaths Old Testament scholars 20th-century Indian Anglican priests Indian Christian theologians Indian biblical scholars University of Hamburg alumni Union Theological Seminary (New York City) alumni Senate of Serampore College (University) alumni Academic staff of the Senate of Serampore College (University) Anglican biblical scholars People from Kanyakumari district Academic staff of Tamil Nadu Theological Seminary