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Giuseppe Ramiro Marcone (1882, San Pietro Infine, Italy – 1952, Montevergine) was a Benedictine abbot. He was ordained in 1906 and appointed Abbot of
Holy See's apostolic visitor intervened on behalf of Croatian Jews in WWII
CatholicCulture.Org; 10 August 2011. {{DEFAULTSORT:Marcone, Giuseppe Catholic Church in Croatia People who rescued Jews during the Holocaust Catholic resistance to Nazi Germany Diplomats of the Holy See
Giuseppe Ramiro Marcone (1882, San Pietro Infine, Italy – 1952, Montevergine) was a Benedictine abbot. He was ordained in 1906 and appointed Abbot of Montevergine
250px, The Sanctuary of Montevergine.
The Montevergine, also known as Partenio or Monti di Avella, is a limestone massif in Campania, central Italy, part of the Apennine chain. It is located near Avellino, in the ''comune'' of Mercogliano. It h ...
, Italy in 1918. He served an Apostolic Visitor
In the Catholic Church, an apostolic visitor (or ''Apostolic Visitator''; Italian: Visitatore apostolico) is a papal representative with a transient mission to perform a canonical visitation of relatively short duration. The visitor is depute ...
to Croatia during World War II, in which capacity he worked on behalf of the Holy See
The Holy See ( lat, Sancta Sedes, ; it, Santa Sede ), also called the See of Rome, Petrine See or Apostolic See, is the jurisdiction of the Pope in his role as the bishop of Rome. It includes the apostolic episcopal see of the Diocese of Rome ...
for the protection of Croatian Jews.
In 1941, Pope Pius XII
Pius ( , ) Latin for "pious", is a masculine given name. Its feminine form is Pia.
It may refer to:
People Popes
* Pope Pius (disambiguation)
* Antipope Pius XIII (1918-2009), who led the breakaway True Catholic Church sect
Given name
* Pius B ...
dispatched Marcone as Apostolic Visitor to Nazi-aligned Croatia
, image_flag = Flag of Croatia.svg
, image_coat = Coat of arms of Croatia.svg
, anthem = "Lijepa naša domovino"("Our Beautiful Homeland")
, image_map =
, map_caption =
, capit ...
, in order to assist Archbishop Aloysius Stepinac
Aloysius Viktor Cardinal Stepinac ( hr, Alojzije Viktor Stepinac, 8 May 1898 – 10 February 1960) was a senior-ranking Yugoslav Croat prelate of the Catholic Church. A cardinal, Stepinac served as Archbishop of Zagreb from 1937 until his de ...
and the Croatian Episcopate in "combating the evil influence of neo-pagan propaganda which could be exercised in the organization of the new state". Marcone served as Nuncio in all but name.Phayer, Michael. 2000. ''The Catholic Church and the Holocaust, 1930–1965''. Indianapolis: Indiana University Press
Indiana University Press, also known as IU Press, is an academic publisher founded in 1950 at Indiana University that specializes in the humanities and social sciences. Its headquarters are located in Bloomington, Indiana. IU Press publishes 140 ...
; pp. 32, 85; He reported to Rome on the deteriorating conditions for Croatian Jews, made representations on behalf of the Jews to Croatian officials, and transported Jewish children to safety in neutral Turkey.
However, he made no efforts on behalf of Serb victims of the Ustaše
The Ustaše (), also known by anglicised versions Ustasha or Ustashe, was a Croats, Croatian Fascism, fascist and ultranationalism, ultranationalist organization active, as one organization, between 1929 and 1945, formally known as the Ustaš ...
.
When deportation of Croatian Jews began, Stepinac and Marcone protested to Andrija Artuković
Andrija Artuković (19 November 1899 – 16 January 1988) was a Croatian lawyer, politician, and senior member of the ultranationalist and fascist Ustasha movement, who served as the Minister of Internal Affairs and Minister of Justice in ...
. In his study of rescuers of Jews during the Holocaust, Martin Gilbert
Sir Martin John Gilbert (25 October 1936 – 3 February 2015) was a British historian and honorary Fellow of Merton College, Oxford. He was the author of eighty-eight books, including works on Winston Churchill, the 20th century, and Jewish h ...
wrote, "In the Croatian capital of Zagreb, as a result of intervention by arconeon behalf of Jewish partners in mixed marriages, a thousand Croat Jews survived the war.Gilbert, Martin. ''The Righteous - The Unsung Heroes of the Holocaust'', Doubleday; 2002; ; pg. 203.
See also
*Catholic Church and Nazi Germany
Popes Pius XI (1922–1939) and Pius XII (1939–1958) led the Catholic Church during the rise and fall of Nazi Germany. Around a third of Germans were Catholic in the 1930s, most of them lived in Southern Germany; Protestants dominated the no ...
*Foreign relations of Pope Pius XII
Foreign relations of Pope Pius XII extended to most of Europe and a few states outside Europe. Pius XII was pope from 1939 to 1958, during World War II and the beginning of the Cold War.
Background
Between the loss of the Papal States in 1870 ...
*Rescue of Jews by Catholics during the Holocaust During the Holocaust, the Catholic Church played a role in the rescue of hundreds of thousands of Jews from being murdered by the Nazis. Members of the Church, through lobbying of Axis officials, provision of false documents, and the hiding of peop ...
References
External links
Holy See's apostolic visitor intervened on behalf of Croatian Jews in WWII
CatholicCulture.Org; 10 August 2011. {{DEFAULTSORT:Marcone, Giuseppe Catholic Church in Croatia People who rescued Jews during the Holocaust Catholic resistance to Nazi Germany Diplomats of the Holy See