The Judicate of Logudoro or Torres ( sc, Judicadu de Logudoro or ''Torres'', ''Rennu de Logudoro'' or ''Logu de Torres'') was a state in northwest

Sardinia Sardinia ( ; it, Sardegna, label=Italian, Corsican and Tabarchino ; sc, Sardigna , sdc, Sardhigna; french: Sardaigne; sdn, Saldigna; ca, Sardenya, label=Algherese and Catalan) is the second-largest island in the Mediterranean Sea, after ...

from the tenth through the thirteenth century. Its original capital was

Porto Torres Porto Torres ( sdc, Posthudorra, sc, Portu Turre) is a comune and a city of the Province of Sassari in north-west of Sardinia, Italy. Founded during the 1st century BC as ''Colonia Iulia Turris Libisonis'', it was the first Roman colony of the ...

. The region is still called

Logudoro The Logudoro (meaning "Golden Place") is a large traditional region Sardinia, Italy. The name of Logudoro today is linked to the Logudorese dialect, which covers a large area of northern-central Sardinia. The first denomination of the area is ...

today. In the

Middle Ages In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period lasted approximately from the late 5th to the late 15th centuries, similar to the post-classical period of global history. It began with the fall of the Western Roman Empire a ...

, Logudoro was one of four kingdoms (''iudicati'') into which the island was divided. The others were

Gallura Gallura ( sdn, Gaddura or ; sc, Caddura ) is a region in North-Eastern Sardinia, Italy. The name ''Gallùra'' is allegedly supposed to mean "stony area". Geography Gallùra has a surface of and it is situated between 40°55'20"64 latitude ...

to the east,

Arborea Arborea is a town and ''comune'' in the province of Oristano, Sardinia, Italy, whose economy is largely based on agriculture and cattle breeding with production of vegetables, rice, fruit and milk (notably the local milk product Arborea). Histo ...

to the south, and

Cagliari Cagliari (, also , , ; sc, Casteddu ; lat, Caralis) is an Italian municipality and the capital of the island of Sardinia, an autonomous region of Italy. Cagliari's Sardinian name ''Casteddu'' means ''castle''. It has about 155,000 inhabitant ...

to the southeast. Logudoro was the largest and earliest known of the ''iudicati'' but also the second to be swallowed up by a foreign power. It was divided into twenty ''curatoriae'', ruled by ''curatores''.

History

In the ninth century, the

Arabs The Arabs (singular: Arab; singular ar, عَرَبِيٌّ, DIN 31635: , , plural ar, عَرَب, DIN 31635, DIN 31635: , Arabic pronunciation: ), also known as the Arab people, are an ethnic group mainly inhabiting the Arab world in Wester ...

and

Imazighen , image = File:Berber_flag.svg , caption = The Berber ethnic flag , population = 36 million , region1 = Morocco , pop1 = 14 million to 18 million , region2 = Algeria , pop2 ...

followed aggressive policies of expansion and piracy in the

Mediterranean The Mediterranean Sea is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean, surrounded by the Mediterranean Basin and almost completely enclosed by land: on the north by Western and Southern Europe and Anatolia, on the south by North Africa, and on the e ...

. The conquest of Sicily by these groups in 827 effectively cut Sardinia off from the central government and military might of the

Byzantine Empire The Byzantine Empire, also referred to as the Eastern Roman Empire or Byzantium, was the continuation of the Roman Empire primarily in its eastern provinces during Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages, when its capital city was Constantinopl ...

. In the absence of instruction or reinforcement, the Sardinian provincial Byzantine officials, called ''iudici'' ("judges") began to govern autonomously. By the tenth century the island was divided into four of these provinces (''giudicati'', literally, "judgeships"), though two — Logudoro and Arborea — were combined at the start of the eleventh century. By 900, these districts had become ''de facto'' independent states, their ruling kings still titled as ''iudices'' or ' ("judges"') after their imperial civil servant predecessors. The first capital city for the Giudicato of Logudoro was ancient Torres (now

), but it was exposed to Arab attacks, and so the seat of the judgeship was transferred first to Ardara, and finally to

Sassari Sassari (, ; sdc, Sàssari ; sc, Tàtari, ) is an Italian city and the second-largest of Sardinia in terms of population with 127,525 inhabitants, and a Functional Urban Area of about 260,000 inhabitants. One of the oldest cities on the island, ...

Sant'antioco di bisarcio, capitello figurato 01

Logudoro only began to emerge from the fog of history during the reign of Barisone I from about 1038 to 1073. He brought

Western monasticism Christian monasticism is the devotional practice of Christians who live ascetic and typically cloistered lives that are dedicated to Christian worship. It began to develop early in the history of the Christian Church, modeled upon scriptural ...

to the island by requesting monks from Abbot Desiderius of

Montecassino Monte Cassino (today usually spelled Montecassino) is a rocky hill about southeast of Rome, in the Latin Valley, Italy, west of Cassino and at an elevation of . Site of the Roman town of Casinum, it is widely known for its abbey, the first h ...

and in this he was supported by both

Pope Alexander II Pope Alexander II (1010/1015 – 21 April 1073), born Anselm of Baggio, was the head of the Roman Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 1061 to his death in 1073. Born in Milan, Anselm was deeply involved in the Pataria refor ...

and

Godfrey the Bearded Godfrey III ( 997 – 1069), called the Bearded, was the eldest son of Gothelo I, Duke of Upper and Lower Lorraine. Biography Disputed succession By inheritance, Godfrey was Count of Verdun and he became Margrave of Antwerp as a vassal of ...

Margrave of Tuscany The rulers of Tuscany varied over time, sometimes being margraves, the rulers of handfuls of border counties and sometimes the heads of the most important family of the region. Margraves of Tuscany, 812–1197 House of Boniface :These were origin ...

, though the

archdiocese of Pisa The Archdiocese of Pisa ( la, Archidioecesis Pisana) is a metropolitan see of the Catholic Church in Pisa, Italy.717, Pisan">708, Pisan); on 30–31 July 1716 Marianus_de_Zori,_while_the_Logudorese_chose_ Marianus_de_Zori,_while_the_Logudorese_chose_Andrew_of_Torres">Andrew_Tanca. The_kingdom_of_Logudoro_came_to_an_end_in_1259,_when_the_queen_ Marianus_de_Zori,_while_the_Logudorese_chose_Andrew_of_Torres">Andrew_Tanca. The_kingdom_of_Logudoro_came_to_an_end_in_1259,_when_the_queen_Adelasia_of_Logudoro">Adelasia_died_without_an_heir._After_this,_Logudoro_was_effectively_ruled_by_the_

Marianus_de_Zori,_while_the_Logudorese_chose_Andrew_of_Torres">Andrew_Tanca. The_kingdom_of_Logudoro_came_to_an_end_in_1259,_when_the_queen_Adelasia_of_Logudoro">Adelasia_died_without_an_heir._After_this,_Logudoro_was_effectively_ruled_by_the_ Genoese_families_of_Doria_(family).html"__"title="Genoa.html"_;"title="Adelasia_of_Logudoro.html"_;"title="Andrew_of_Torres.html"_;"title="Marianus_I_of_Arborea.html"_;"title="717,_Pisan_and_on_31_J_..._has_been_Giovanni_Paolo_Benotto. _History In_a_letter_of_...

,_thitherto_chief_religious_influence_on_the_island,_opposed_it._The_monks_had_spiritual,_scholastic_and_military_roles._On_the_death_of_Barisone_I,_Arborea_chose_its_own_judge_in_Marianus_I_of_Arborea">Marianus_de_Zori,_while_the_Logudorese_chose_Andrew_of_Torres">Andrew_Tanca. The_kingdom_of_Logudoro_came_to_an_end_in_1259,_when_the_queen_Adelasia_of_Logudoro">Adelasia_died_without_an_heir._After_this,_Logudoro_was_effectively_ruled_by_the_Genoa">Genoese_families_of_Doria_(family)">Doria_ Doria_or_Dória_may_refer_to: _People_Surname *_Doria_(family),_a_prominent_Genoese_family **_Andrea_Doria_(1466–1560),_Genoese_admiral **__Ansaldo_Doria,_12th_century_Genoese_statesman_and_commander **_Brancaleone_Doria_(died_c._1409?),_husband__...

_and_ Genoese_families_of_Doria_(family).html"__"title="Genoa.html"_;"title="Adelasia_of_Logudoro.html"_;"title="Andrew_of_Torres.html"_;"title="Marianus_I_of_Arborea.html"_;"title="717,_Pisan_and_on_31_J_..._has_been_Giovanni_Paolo_Benotto. _History In_a_letter_of_...

History

_See_also

_See_also

_Notes

_References

See also

Notes

References