Gishakidu ( ''giš-ša₃-ki-du₁₀'') was king of the

Sumer Sumer () is the earliest known civilization in the historical region of southern Mesopotamia (south-central Iraq), emerging during the Chalcolithic and early Bronze Ages between the sixth and fifth millennium BC. It is one of the cradles of c ...

ian city-state of

Umma Umma ( sux, ; in modern Dhi Qar Province in Iraq, formerly also called Gishban) was an ancient city in Sumer. There is some scholarly debate about the Sumerian and Akkadian names for this site. Traditionally, Umma was identified with Tell J ...

and husband of queen

Bara-irnun Bara-irnun ( ''bara-ir-nun'') was queen of the Sumerian city-state of Umma and wife of king Gishakidu, circa 2400 BCE. She is particularly known from a gold votive plate, in which she describes her genealogy in great detail. The inscription on th ...

, circa 2400 BCE. He was the son of

Il, king of Umma ''Il'' ( sux, , ) was king (, ''Lugal'') of the Sumerian city-state of Umma, circa 2400 BCE. His father was Eandamu, and his grandfather was King Enakalle, who had been vanquished by Eannatum of Lagash. Il was successor to Ur-Lumma. According t ...

, and his reign lasted at least 4 years. He is particularly known from a gold votive plate by his queen, in which she describes her genealogy in great detail. The inscription on the plate reads: The original royal line of Umma consisted in the filiation of

Enakalle Enakalle ( sux, , ), or Enakalli, was the king of Umma circa 2500–2400 BC, a Sumerian city-state, during the Early Dynastic III period (2600–2350 BC). His reign lasted at least 8 years. Enakalle in the cone of Entemena His predecessor Ush, ...

(possibly son of

Ush Uqturpan County, United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency or Uchturpan County ( transliterated from ; ), also Wushi County (), is a county in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region under the administration of Aksu Prefecture and shar ...

) and his own son

Ur-Lumma ''Ur-Lumma'' ( sux, , ) was a ruler of the Sumerian city-state of Umma, circa 2400 BCE. His father was King Enakalle, who had been vanquished by Eannatum of Lagash. Ur-Lumma claimed the title of "King" (''Lugal''). His reign lasted at least 12 ye ...

. When Ur-Lumma died, presumably without a son but certainly with a daughter named Bara-irnum, the throne was handed over to Il, son of Eanandu (who had no regnal title) and grandson (or nephew) of Enakalle. King Il was then succeeded by his own son Gishakidu. Bara-irnum married her cousin Gishakidu, thus re-uniting both stands of the royal family by a marital alliance. Gishakidu is also known from a dedicatory inscription on a cylinder: A foundation inscription in his name is also known. File:Votive plaque of a beard-IMG 6857.JPG, Votive plate of Queen

of Umma, "wife of Gishakidu, king of Umma, daughter of

, king of Umma, grand-daughter of

, king of Umma, daughter-in-law of Il, king of Umma", to God Shara, in gratitude for sparing her life.

Louvre Museum The Louvre ( ), or the Louvre Museum ( ), is the world's most-visited museum, and an historic landmark in Paris, France. It is the home of some of the best-known works of art, including the ''Mona Lisa'' and the ''Venus de Milo''. A central l ...

. File:Gishakidu (name).jpg, Name of Gishakidu on the plaque (second column), and standard Sumero-Akkadian cuneiform ( ''giš-ša₁₀-ki-du₁₀'') File:Gishakidu vase.jpg, The Gishakidu macehead,

British Museum The British Museum is a public museum dedicated to human history, art and culture located in the Bloomsbury area of London. Its permanent collection of eight million works is among the largest and most comprehensive in existence. It docum ...

References

{{Rulers of Sumer 24th-century BC Sumerian kings Kings of Umma