![C so Vittorio 145 - pal di Pirro P1100234](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3a/C_so_Vittorio_145_-_pal_di_Pirro_P1100234.JPG)
Giovanni Mangone (born towards the end of 15th century, died 25 June 1543) was an Italian artist active almost exclusively in
Rome
, established_title = Founded
, established_date = 753 BC
, founder = King Romulus (legendary)
, image_map = Map of comune of Rome (metropolitan city of Capital Rome, region Lazio, Italy).svg
, map_caption ...
during the
Renaissance
The Renaissance ( , ) , from , with the same meanings. is a period in European history
The history of Europe is traditionally divided into four time periods: prehistoric Europe (prior to about 800 BC), classical antiquity (800 BC to AD ...
. Mangone's skills were manifold: he worked as sculptor, architect,
stonecutter and
building estimator
A building estimator or cost estimator is an individual that quantifies the materials, labor, and equipment needed to complete a construction project. Building cost estimating can concern diverse forms of construction from residential properties t ...
. Moreover, he was a keen
antiquarian and among the founders of the
Academy dei Virtuosi al Pantheon. As military engineer, he was renowned among his contemporaries.
Life and works
Born around the end of the fifteenth century by Francesco, a native of
Caravaggio in
Lombardy, according to
Giorgio Vasari
Giorgio Vasari (, also , ; 30 July 1511 – 27 June 1574) was an Italian Renaissance Master, who worked as a painter, architect, engineer, writer, and historian, who is best known for his work '' The Lives of the Most Excellent Painters, Sculp ...
he studied under sculptor and architect
Andrea Ferrucci
Andrea Ferrucci (1465–1526), also known as Andrea di Piero Ferruzzi and as Andrea da Fiesole, was an Italian sculptor who was born in Fiesole, Fiesole, Tuscany, in 1465. He was a first cousin once removed of the artist Simone Ferrucci, Franc ...
from
Fiesole
Fiesole () is a town and ''comune'' of the Metropolitan City of Florence in the Italian region of Tuscany, on a scenic height above Florence, 5 km (3 miles) northeast of that city. It has structures dating to Etruscan and Roman times.
Sin ...
.
[Ghisetti Giavarina (2007)] In Rome, where he lived in a palace in via delle Coppelle, between
Sant'Agostino and
palazzo Baldassini
Palazzo Baldassini is a palace in Rome, Italy, designed by the Renaissance architect Antonio da Sangallo the Younger in about 1516–1519. It was designed for the papal jurist from Naples, Melchiorre Baldassini. The ground floor was used for sho ...
, at the beginning of his career had several assignments; from 1527 to 1532 he was superintendent to the spring of S. Peter; until 1541, he was curator of the
gold-leaf
Gold leaf is gold that has been hammered into thin sheets (usually around 0.1 µm thick) by goldbeating and is often used for gilding. Gold leaf is available in a wide variety of karats and shades. The most commonly used gold is 22-kara ...
ceiling of the
Basilica of Santa Maria Maggiore
The Basilica of Saint Mary Major ( it, Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore, ; la, Basilica Sanctae Mariae Maioris), or church of Santa Maria Maggiore, is a Major papal basilica as well as one of the Seven Pilgrim Churches of Rome and the large ...
; since 1528 and until his death, he was architect of the
apostolic Chamber.
[ Moreover, during his whole career he worked also as building estimator.][
In 1534 started his collaboration with ]Antonio da Sangallo the Younger
250px, A model of the Apostolic Palace, which was the main project of Bramante during Sangallo's apprenticeship.
250px, The church of Santa Maria di Loreto near the Rome.html"_;"title="Trajan's_Market_in_Rome">Trajan's_Market_in_Rome.
image: ...
: together they prepared ''apparati effimeri'' in wood to celebrate the crowning of Pope Paul III (r. 1534–49) and in 1536, the visit to Rome of Holy Roman Emperor Charles V Charles V may refer to:
* Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor (1500–1558)
* Charles V of Naples (1661–1700), better known as Charles II of Spain
* Charles V of France (1338–1380), called the Wise
* Charles V, Duke of Lorraine (1643–1690)
* Infa ...
.[
In 1537 Mangone modified the monastery of the ]Servites
The Servite Order, officially known as the Order of Servants of Mary ( la, Ordo Servorum Beatae Mariae Virginis; abbreviation: OSM), is one of the five original Catholic mendicant orders. It includes several branches of friars (priests and brothe ...
near the Church of San Marcello al Corso, which he completed.[ However, due to subsequent changes in the seventeenth century, his work at the monastery is no longer recognizable.][
Perhaps since 1532 he designed for Angelo Massimo a palace south of ]Piazza Navona
Piazza Navona () is a public open space in Rome, Italy. It is built on the site of the Stadium of Domitian, built in the 1st century AD, and follows the form of the open space of the stadium. The ancient Romans went there to watch the '' agones' ...
, in rione
A (; plural: ) is a neighbourhood in several Italian cities. A is a territorial subdivision. The larger administrative subdivisions in Rome are the , with the being used only in the historic centre. The word derives from the Latin , the 14 su ...
Parione
Parione is the 6th ''rione'' of Rome, identified by the initials R. VI, and belongs to the Municipio I. Its name comes from the fact that in the area there was a huge ancient wall, maybe belonging to the stadium of Domitianus; the nickname ...
.[Pericoli Ridolfini (1973), p. 120] The building, which in 1537 had been completed until its ''piano nobile'', was erroneously named after king Pyrrhus of Epirus
Pyrrhus (; grc-gre, Πύρρος ; 319/318–272 BC) was a Greek king and statesman of the Hellenistic period.Plutarch. '' Parallel Lives'',Pyrrhus... He was king of the Greek tribe of Molossians, of the royal Aeacid house, and later he be ...
because of a statue (actually of Mars) once on display on a yard's niche and now at the Musei Capitolini
The Capitoline Museums (Italian: ''Musei Capitolini'') are a group of art and archaeological museums in Piazza del Campidoglio, on top of the Capitoline Hill in Rome, Italy. The historic seats of the museums are Palazzo dei Conservatori and Pala ...
.[ The edifice is adjacent to the palace named ]Palazzo Massimo alle Colonne
The Palazzo Massimo alle Colonne is a Renaissance palace in Rome, Italy.
History
The palace was designed by Baldassarre Peruzzi in 1532–1536 on a site of three contiguous palaces owned by the old Roman Massimo family and built after arson de ...
, realized in those years by Baldassare Peruzzi and commissioned by Angelo's brother Pietro.[
Palazzo Massimo di Pirro is Mangone's only certain architectural work still extant.][ In this building his model is Antonio da Sangallo the Younger, of whom he adopts typological schemes and – partially – stylistic features.][ Anyway, in several elements, like the design of the irregular yard, the adoption of ]loggia
In architecture, a loggia ( , usually , ) is a covered exterior gallery or corridor, usually on an upper level, but sometimes on the ground level of a building. The outer wall is open to the elements, usually supported by a series of columns ...
s with architrave, the usage of decorative elements as corbels
In architecture, a corbel is a structural piece of stone, wood or metal jutting from a wall to carry a superincumbent weight, a type of bracket. A corbel is a solid piece of material in the wall, whereas a console is a piece applied to the st ...
, the equilibrium of the façade, he shows an original style.[Gigli (1992) p. 144][
Based on stylistic analysis, have been attributed to him also the palazzo Alicorni in Borgo Vecchio (later piazza Rusticucci) in Borgo (demolished in 1931 and later rebuilt) and – more doubtfully – the Palazzetto De Vellis in Piazza ]Santa Maria in Trastevere
The Basilica of Santa Maria in Trastevere ( it, Basilica di Santa Maria in Trastevere); en, Our Lady in Trastevere) is a titular minor basilica in the Trastevere district of Rome, and one of the oldest churches of Rome. The basic floor plan and ...
.[
As a sculptor, only two works have been attributed to him: well-done appears to be the funerary monument to Cardinal ]Willem van Enckevoirt
William of Enckevoirt, also spelled as Enckenvoirt (1464 in Mierlo-Hout – 19 July 1534 in Rome) was a Dutch Cardinal, bishop of Tortosa from 1524 to 1524, and bishop of Utrecht from 1529 to 1534.
Biography
Enckevoirt was the son of a far ...
(dead in 1534) in Santa Maria dell'Anima
, native_name=
, image=Santa Maria del Anima I.jpg
, caption=Façade of the church.
, mapframe=yes
, mapframe-caption=Click on the map for a fullscreen view
, mapframe-zoom=12
, mapframe-marker=religious-christian
, coordinates=
, location=Via di ...
, where is evident an influence from Michelangelo, while that of the bishop
A bishop is an ordained clergy member who is entrusted with a position of authority and oversight in a religious institution.
In Christianity, bishops are normally responsible for the governance of dioceses. The role or office of bishop is c ...
of Chiusi
Chiusi ( Etruscan: ''Clevsin''; Umbrian: ''Camars''; Ancient Greek: ''Klysion'', ''Κλύσιον''; Latin: ''Clusium'') is a town and ''comune'' in the province of Siena, Tuscany, Italy.
History
Clusium (''Clevsin'' in Etruscan) was one ...
and Governor of Bologna
Bologna (, , ; egl, label=Emilian language, Emilian, Bulåggna ; lat, Bononia) is the capital and largest city of the Emilia-Romagna region in Northern Italy. It is the seventh most populous city in Italy with about 400,000 inhabitants and 1 ...
Gregorio Magalotti in Santa Cecilia in Trastevere, engraved in 1538, radiates a cold feeling.[
As a military architect, in 1542 Mangone was summoned together with other architects by Paul III, who wanted to enhance the fortifications of Borgo, and in that occasion he presented a project.][ The following year he was active in ]Sermoneta
Sermoneta is a hill town and ''comune'' in the province of Latina (Lazio), central Italy.
It is a walled hill town, with a 13th-century Romanesque cathedral called Cathedral of Santa Maria Assunta and a massive castle, built by the Caetani f ...
, working at the town's walls.[ Mangone was also a keen antiquarian, and collected in his palace a good deal of architectural and sculptural pieces.][ In 1543, defining himself as a sculptor, he was among the founding members of the Congregation of "St. Joseph in the Holy Land at the Rotonda", later known as the Accademia dei Virtuosi al Pantheon, one of the main centers of discussions about antiquities and architecture in Rome.][
On 25 June 1543 he made his will, dying perhaps on the same day.][
]
Significance
As a sculptor, Mangone followed Andrea Sansovino
Andrea dal Monte Sansovino or Andrea Contucci del Monte San Savino (1529) was an Italian sculptor active during the High Renaissance. His pupils include Jacopo Sansovino (no relation).
Biography
He was the son of Domenico Contucci of Monte ...
, reaching mixed results.[
As an architect, his former education as a sculptor and stonemason in the design of moldings allowed him to reach a remarkable equilibrium of proportions.][ Moreover, Mangone was among the first to spread the "severe" style initiated by Antonio da Sangallo the Younger.][ With the Palazzo di Pirro, he designed a good example of "everyday" architecture which found many imitators in the second part of 16th century.][
As a military architect, although he was praised by the ]military engineer
Military engineering is loosely defined as the art, science, and practice of designing and building military works and maintaining lines of military transport and military communications. Military engineers are also responsible for logistics ...
Francesco De Marchi, the absence of extant works which can be attributed to him makes difficult to assess its real contribution to this field.[
]
References
Sources
*
*
*
{{DEFAULTSORT:Mangone, Giovanni
1543 deaths
16th-century Italian architects
Renaissance sculptors
Renaissance architects
15th-century births
Italian Mannerist architects
Italian Mannerist sculptors
16th-century Italian sculptors
Italian male sculptors
Building estimators