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Giovanni Giorgio Bidone (19 January 1781, 
Giorgio Bidone's parents were Alessandro Antonio Bidone and Margherita Malaspina. In 1782, when Giorgio was one year old, the family moved to
Bidone - Mémoire sur les transcendantes elliptiques, 1817 - 750544.tif, ''Mémoire sur les transcendantes elliptiques'', 1817
Bidone, Giorgio – Osservazioni sopra le macchine in moto, 1825 – BEIC 710112.jpg, ''Osservazioni sopra le macchine in moto'', 1825
"Idraulici Italiani" by Mario Di Fidio & Claudio Gandolfi
{{DEFAULTSORT:Bidone, Giorgio 1781 births 1839 deaths Italian mathematicians Engineers from Turin
Giovanni Giorgio Bidone (19 January 1781, Casalnoceto
Casalnoceto is a ''comune'' (municipality) in the Province of Alessandria in the Italian region Piedmont, located about east of Turin and about east of Alessandria.
Casalnoceto borders the following municipalities: Castellar Guidobono, Godiasco, ...
, Piedmont
it, Piemontese
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- 25 August 1839, Turin
Turin ( , Piedmontese language, Piedmontese: ; it, Torino ) is a city and an important business and cultural centre in Northern Italy. It is the capital city of Piedmont and of the Metropolitan City of Turin, and was the first Italian capital ...
, Kingdom of Savoy
The Kingdom of Sardinia,The name of the state was originally Latin: , or when the kingdom was still considered to include Corsica. In Italian it is , in French , in Sardinian , and in Piedmontese . also referred to as the Kingdom of Savoy-S ...
) was an Italian engineer, mathematician and an experimenter in the field of hydraulics.
Giorgio Bidone's parents were Alessandro Antonio Bidone and Margherita Malaspina. In 1782, when Giorgio was one year old, the family moved to Voghera
The Castle of Voghera in a 19th-century etching.
Voghera ( Vogherese dialect of Emilian: ''Vughera''; Latin: ''Forum Iulii Iriensium'') is a town and ''comune'' in the Province of Pavia in the Italian region Lombardy. The population was 39,374 ...
where he was educated.
He then entered the Filipino College in Turin. His plans to become a priest were abandoned because of new laws introduced by the French after Piedmont was annexed by Napoleon Bonaparte
Napoleon Bonaparte ; it, Napoleone Bonaparte, ; co, Napulione Buonaparte. (born Napoleone Buonaparte; 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821), later known by his regnal name Napoleon I, was a French military commander and political leader who ...
. He studied at Collegio delle Province as well as the University of Turin
The University of Turin (Italian: ''Università degli Studi di Torino'', UNITO) is a public research university in the city of Turin, in the Piedmont region of Italy. It is one of the oldest universities in Europe and continues to play an impo ...
. He graduated in mathematics and hydraulic engineering at Turin at the age of 23 and two years later he graduated in civil engineering. He became a member of the Academy of Sciences of Turin in 1811 and was appointed professor of hydraulics in 1815. His research was in mathematics on the solution of transcendental equations and also on definite integrals.
He performed experiments in the field of hydraulics at a laboratory at Parella
Parella is a ''comune'' (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Turin in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 40 km north of Turin in the Canavese
Canavese ( French: ''Canavais''; Piedmontese: ''Canavèis'') is a subalpine geograp ...
, which had been established in 1763 by Francesco Domenico Michelotti. His research focused on analysis and hydraulics. In 1820 he published a paper called ''Experiences sur le remou et sur la propagation des ondes'', where he announced the hydrodynamic phenomenon known as the "hydraulic jump
A hydraulic jump is a phenomenon in the science of hydraulics which is frequently observed in open channel flow such as rivers and spillways. When liquid at high velocity discharges into a zone of lower velocity, a rather abrupt rise occurs in th ...
". This is how kinetic energy is dissipated when a fast flowing current reaches a slower current. This effect can be seen in both water and air.
In his hydraulic research he combined experiments with mathematical models. In his study of overflow he measured the upstream increase in height and the shape caused by an obstruction and then derived the equations for describing this effect.
In 1817, together with Ignazio Michelotti, who was supervisor of rivers and chief inspector of canals, he drafted the new laws concerning the waterways of the kingdom. This earned him the Civil Order of Merit of Savoy in 1839.
Between 1822-1823, he participated in an international collaboration to survey across the Alps to link his region with the rest of Western Europe and Eastern Europe.
Bidone also taught mathematics at the University of Turin and he was appointed professor of geometry. He became a member of the National Academy of Sciences of Italy.
Works
* * * * ** * * * * * * *References
* Italian Wikipedia"Idraulici Italiani" by Mario Di Fidio & Claudio Gandolfi
{{DEFAULTSORT:Bidone, Giorgio 1781 births 1839 deaths Italian mathematicians Engineers from Turin