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Giacomo Durando (4 February 1807 – 21 August 1894) was an Italian general and statesman. His brother
(in Italian), ''Il sito ufficiale della Presidenza della Repubblica''. Retrieved 2018-08-05. ** Knight of the Annunciation, ''7 June 1887'' ** Grand Cross of Saints Maurice and Lazarus, ''1887'' **
"Giacomo Durando" in the Enciclopedia Italiana's ''Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani''
{{DEFAULTSORT:Durando 1807 births 1894 deaths People from Mondovì Italian people of the Italian unification Italian generals Presidents of the Italian Senate Members of the Senate of the Kingdom of Italy Ambassadors of Italy to the Ottoman Empire Knights Grand Cross of the Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus Recipients of the Order of the Crown (Italy) Grand Officers of the Military Order of Savoy Knights Grand Cross of the Order of the Immaculate Conception of Vila Viçosa category:Recipients of the Order of the Medjidie, 4th class
Giacomo Durando (4 February 1807 – 21 August 1894) was an Italian general and statesman. His brother Giovanni Giovanni may refer to:
* Giovanni (name), an Italian male given name and surname
* Giovanni (meteorology), a Web interface for users to analyze NASA's gridded data
* ''Don Giovanni'', a 1787 opera by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, based on the legend of ...
was also a general of the Risorgimento
The unification of Italy ( it, Unità d'Italia ), also known as the ''Risorgimento'' (, ; ), was the 19th-century political and social movement that resulted in the consolidation of different states of the Italian Peninsula into a single ...
and a senator.
Biography
Durando was born atMondovì
Mondovì (; pms, Ël Mondvì , la, Mons Regalis) is a town and ''comune'' (township) in Piedmont, northern Italy, about from Turin. The area around it is known as the Monregalese.
The town, located on the Monte Regale hill, is divided into ...
, in Piedmont
it, Piemontese
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. He graduated in law in Turin
Turin ( , Piedmontese language, Piedmontese: ; it, Torino ) is a city and an important business and cultural centre in Northern Italy. It is the capital city of Piedmont and of the Metropolitan City of Turin, and was the first Italian capital ...
in 1829.
He was implicated in a liberal plot aiming to extort a constitution from king Charles Felix: after having been discovered, he was obliged to take refuge abroad together with his brother, first in Kentucky
Kentucky ( , ), officially the Commonwealth of Kentucky, is a state in the Southeastern region of the United States and one of the states of the Upper South. It borders Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio to the north; West Virginia and Virginia to ...
and then in France. In 1831 he fought in a foreign corps in the Belgian Revolution
The Belgian Revolution (, ) was the conflict which led to the secession of the southern provinces (mainly the former Southern Netherlands) from the United Kingdom of the Netherlands and the establishment of an independent Kingdom of Belgium.
T ...
, and, the following year, he moved to Nashville
Nashville is the capital city of the U.S. state of Tennessee and the seat of Davidson County. With a population of 689,447 at the 2020 U.S. census, Nashville is the most populous city in the state, 21st most-populous city in the U.S., and the ...
where he was enrolled in a cavalry regiment of the constitutionalist army of King Pedro IV. The following year he entered the service of Spain, when he fought in various campaigns, and was promoted colonel in 1838.
After a short stay in France he returned to Italy and identified himself with the Liberal movement; he became an active journalist, and founded a newspaper called ''L'Opinione'' in 1847. In 1848 he was one of those who asked King Charles Albert
Charles Albert (; 2 October 1798 – 28 July 1849) was the King of Sardinia from 27 April 1831 until 23 March 1849. His name is bound up with the first Italian constitution, the Albertine Statute, and with the First Italian War of Independenc ...
for the constitution.
On the outbreak of the First Italian Independence War
The First Italian War of Independence ( it, Prima guerra d'indipendenza italiana), part of the Italian Unification (''Risorgimento''), was fought by the Kingdom of Sardinia (Piedmont) and Italian volunteers against the Austrian Empire and other ...
against Austria
Austria, , bar, Östareich officially the Republic of Austria, is a country in the southern part of Central Europe, lying in the Eastern Alps. It is a federation of nine states, one of which is the capital, Vienna, the most populous ...
he took command of the Lombard volunteers as major-general, and in the campaign of 1849 he was '' aide-de-camp'' to the king. He was elected member of the first Piedmontese parliament and was a strenuous supporter of Cavour; during the Sardinian expedition to Crimean he took General La Marmora's place as war minister.
In 1855 he was nominated senator, lieutenant-general in 1856 and ambassador to Constantinople in 1856, and minister for foreign affairs in the Rattazzi cabinet two years later. During the Third Italian War of Independence his brother Giovanni commanded the I Corps, which was badly mauled at Custoza
Custoza (; vec, Custoxa ) is a northern Italian village and hamlet (''frazione'') of Sommacampagna, a municipality in the province of Verona, Veneto. As of 2011, its population was 812.
History
The village is famous for two battles fought dur ...
. He was president of the Italian Senate from 1884 to 1887, after which year he retired from the army.
He died at Rome in August 1894.
Honours and awards
* Kingdom of Sardinia: ** Grand Officer of theMilitary Order of Savoy
The Military Order of Savoy was a military honorary order of the Kingdom of Sardinia first, and of the Kingdom of Italy later. Following the abolition of the Italian monarchy, the order became the Military Order of Italy.
History
The origin of ...
, ''21 February 1856''"Durando Giacomo"(in Italian), ''Il sito ufficiale della Presidenza della Repubblica''. Retrieved 2018-08-05. ** Knight of the Annunciation, ''7 June 1887'' ** Grand Cross of Saints Maurice and Lazarus, ''1887'' **
Grand Cross of the Crown of Italy
The Order of the Crown of Italy ( it, Ordine della Corona d'Italia, italic=no or OCI) was founded as a national order in 1868 by King Victor Emmanuel II of Italy, Vittorio Emanuele II, to commemorate Italian unification, the unification of Italy ...
, ''1887''
References
*External links
"Giacomo Durando" in the Enciclopedia Italiana's ''Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani''
{{DEFAULTSORT:Durando 1807 births 1894 deaths People from Mondovì Italian people of the Italian unification Italian generals Presidents of the Italian Senate Members of the Senate of the Kingdom of Italy Ambassadors of Italy to the Ottoman Empire Knights Grand Cross of the Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus Recipients of the Order of the Crown (Italy) Grand Officers of the Military Order of Savoy Knights Grand Cross of the Order of the Immaculate Conception of Vila Viçosa category:Recipients of the Order of the Medjidie, 4th class