Sultan Kalanjar ( fa, کالنجار سلطان), better known as Gharib Shah (), was an

Iranian Iranian may refer to: * Iran, a sovereign state * Iranian peoples, the speakers of the Iranian languages. The term Iranic peoples is also used for this term to distinguish the pan ethnic term from Iranian, used for the people of Iran * Iranian lan ...

aristocrat who rebelled against

Safavid Safavid Iran or Safavid Persia (), also referred to as the Safavid Empire, '. was one of the greatest Iranian empires after the 7th-century Muslim conquest of Persia, which was ruled from 1501 to 1736 by the Safavid dynasty. It is often conside ...

rule in 1629/30, but was defeated and later executed.

Biography

Caspian coast of Iran during the Safavid, Afsharid, Qajar, and early Pahlavi era

A native of Gilan, Gharib Shah was a descendant of the

Kia'i dynasty The Kar-Kiya dynasty, also known as the Kiya'ids, was a local dynasty which mainly ruled over Biya-pish (eastern Gilan) from the 1370s to 1592. They claimed Sasanian ancestry as well. Lahijan was the dynasty's capital. The Kar-Kiya dynasty help ...

, and his original name was Sultan Kalanjar, but when he in 1629/30 rebelled against Safavid rule in his home-province, he took the name of Adil Shah, while he was called Gharib Shah by his enemies. Before Gharib Shah rebelled, he had received the blessing of a certain Pir Shams-i Gulgiluva'i. During his rebellion, he was joined by various descendants of dynasties of Mazandaran and Gilan. After having declared himself as the ruler of Gilan, he occupied the provinces two major cities,

Lahijan Lahijan ( fa, لاهیجان, Lāhijān, also known as, Lāyjon in Gilaki) is a city near the Caspian Sea and the capital of Lahijan County, Gilan Province, Iran. According to the 2016 census, its population was 167,544 in 58,378 families. La ...

and Rasht. When Gharib's rebellion spread to Mazandaran, the rebels sacked Shah Abbas' warehouses, selling off the royal silk. Two hundred ''kharvari'' were lost or stolen. According to the Tarikh-i Gilan, by Abd al-Fattah Fumani, Gilan's inhabitants lost over 300,000 ''tumans'', due to this rebellion. Consequently, Gharib Shah was eventually defeated by a group of Safavid governors, which included Saru Taqi, the governor of Gilan and Mazandaran. Gharib Shah, along with 2,000 of his supporters, were then executed at

Isfahan Isfahan ( fa, اصفهان, Esfahân ), from its Achaemenid empire, ancient designation ''Aspadana'' and, later, ''Spahan'' in Sassanian Empire, middle Persian, rendered in English as ''Ispahan'', is a major city in the Greater Isfahan Regio ...

. However, a supporter of Gharib Shah who claimed that he was his brother, rebelled in Mazandaran.

References

Sources

* * * * * {{DEFAULTSORT:Gharib Shah Rebellions against Safavid Iran 17th-century Iranian people Year of birth unknown 1629 deaths People from Gilan Province People executed by Safavid Iran Gilaki people