German Torpedo Boat T9

The German torpedo boat ''T9'' was one of a dozen Type 35 torpedo boats built for the ''Kriegsmarine'' (German Navy) during the late 1930s. Completed in July 1940, the boat participated in an abortive attempt to attack several convoys off the Scottish coast in November. ''T9'' was placed in reserve in August 1941 and was reactivated in June 1942 for duties in France. She participated in an unsuccessful attempt to escort a blockade runner through the Bay of Biscay in early 1943 and was then transferred to the Torpedo School in September. In mid-1944 the boat returned to active duty and was assigned to the Baltic Sea area. She escorted a bombardment mission in November and was damaged by bombers in East Prussia in early 1945. ''T9'' was sunk near Kiel, Germany, during an air raid on 3 May.

Design and description

The Type 35 was an unsuccessful attempt by the ''Kriegsmarine'' to design a fast, ocean-going torpedo boat that did not exceed the displacement limit of the London Naval Treaty for ships that counted against the national tonnage limit. The boats had an overall length of and were long at the waterline. After the bow was rebuilt in 1941 to improve seaworthiness, the overall length increased to .Gröner, p. 193 The ships had a beam of , and a mean draft of at deep load and displaced at standard load and at deep load. Their crew numbered 119 officers and sailors.Sieche, p. 237 Their pair of geared steam turbine sets, each driving one propeller, were designed to produce using steam from four high-pressure water-tube boilers which would propel the boats at . They carried enough fuel oil to give them a range of at .Whitley 1991, p. 202

As built, the Type 35 class mounted a single SK C/32 gun on the stern. Anti-aircraft defense was provided by a single SK C/30 anti-aircraft gun superfiring over the 10.5 cm gun and a pair of C/30 guns on the bridge wings. They carried six above-water torpedo tubes in two triple mounts and could also carry 30 mines (or 60 if the weather was good). Many boats exchanged the 3.7 cm gun for another 2 cm gun, depth charges and minesweeping paravanes before completion. Late-war additions were limited to the installation of radar, radar detectors and additional AA guns, usually at the expense of the aft torpedo tube mount.

Construction and career

''T9'' was ordered on 29 June 1936 from Schichau, laid down at their Elbing, East Prussia, shipyard on 24 November 1936Whitley 1991, p. 210 as yard number 1393, launched on 3 November 1938 and commissioned on 4 July 1940. The boat was working up until August when she began convoy escort duties in the Baltic Sea. By November ''T9'' had transferred to Norway. German aerial reconnaissance had located two coastal convoys in early November that the ''Kriegsmarine'' estimated would pass Kinnaird Head, Scotland, during the early morning of 7 November. Both the 1st and 2nd Torpedo Boat Flotillas, consisting of ''T9'' and her sisters, , , , , and , sailed on 6 November in an attempt to pass through a gap in the British minefields and intercept the convoys around 02:00 the following morning. The British had extended their minefields further north unbeknownst to the Germans and ''T6'' struck a mine shortly after midnight and sank. ''T7'' and ''T8'' rescued the survivors and the operation was abandoned. ''T9'' was one of the escorts for a minelaying mission off Stavanger, Norway, on the night of 27/28 January 1941 together with her sisters and and the minesweepers and . ''T9'' began a refit in March in Kiel that lasted until July. The boat was reduced to reserve on 15 August.

''T9'' was recommissioned on June 1942 and was working up until August. On 15–19 August she was one of the escorts, together with ''T12'' and the destroyer , for the minelayer from Kiel to Narvik, Norway. The boat was transferred to France in November and was one of the escorts for the Italian blockade runner, ''Himalaya'', together with her sisters and ''T12'' and the torpedo boats , and , but the Italian ship turned back on 28 March 1943 when spotted by a British reconnaissance aircraft. ''T9'' began a refit at Schichau on 9 May that lasted until August. The boat was then transferred to the Torpedo School as a training ship. She was transferred back to active service in mid-1944 and was assigned to the 2nd Torpedo Boat Flotilla in the Baltic, which consisted of ''T9'', her sisters , ''T5'', ''T12'' and the torpedo boats and . On the night of 23/24 November, the flotilla screened the heavy cruiser as she shelled Soviet positions during the evacuation of Sworbe, on the island of Ösel. ''T9'' was damaged by bombs in Danzig on 8 March 1945. She was sunk by British aircraft on 3 May in the Kieler Förde at . Her wreck was demolished by depth charges on 10 December.Gröner, p. 194; Rohwer, pp. 188, 241, 374, 414; Whitley 1991, pp. 168, 188, 210

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References

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External links

Type 35 on German Navy.de

{{DEFAULTSORT:T9
Type 35 torpedo boats
1938 ships