German Submarine U-305

German submarine ''U-305'' was a Type VIIC U-boat of Nazi Germany's ''Kriegsmarine'' during World War II. The submarine was laid down on 30 August 1941 at the Flender Werke yard at Lübeck as yard number 305, launched on 25 July 1942 and commissioned on 17 September under the command of ''Oberleutnant zur See'' Rudolf Bahr.

During her career, the U-boat sailed on four combat patrols, sinking four ships, before she was sunk on 16 January 1944 in mid-Atlantic, southwest of Ireland.

She was part of eight wolfpacks.

Design

German Type VIIC submarines were preceded by the shorter Type VIIB submarines. ''U-305'' had a displacement of when at the surface and while submerged. She had a total length of , a pressure hull length of , a beam of , a height of , and a draught of . The submarine was powered by two Germaniawerft F46 four-stroke, six-cylinder supercharged diesel engines producing a total of for use while surfaced, two Garbe, Lahmeyer & Co. RP 137/c double-acting electric motors producing a total of for use while submerged. She had two shafts and two propellers. The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to .

The submarine had a maximum surface speed of and a maximum submerged speed of . When submerged, the boat could operate for at ; when surfaced, she could travel at . ''U-305'' was fitted with five torpedo tubes (four fitted at the bow and one at the stern), fourteen torpedoes, one SK C/35 naval gun, 220 rounds, and two twin C/30 anti-aircraft guns. The boat had a complement of between forty-four and sixty.

Service history

The boat's service life began with training with the 8th U-boat Flotilla in September 1942. She was then transferred to the 1st flotilla for operations on 1 March.

First patrol

The submarine's first patrol began with her departure from Kiel on 27 February 1943. She passed through the gap between Iceland and the Faroe Islands and into the north Atlantic Ocean. On 17 March she sank ''Port Auckland'' and ''Zouave'' southeast of Cape Farewell (Greenland), the latter foundering in five minutes. The boat arrived in Brest in occupied France, on 12 April 1943.

Second and third patrols

''U-305''s second foray was relatively uneventful, starting and finishing in Brest, as would all her remaining patrols, on 12 May and 1 June 1943.

On her third sortie, she sank on 20 September 1943. The Canadian warship was one of the first victims of a GNAT acoustic torpedo.

Fourth patrol and loss

The boat's final patrol commenced on 8 December 1943. She successfully attacked southwest of Ireland. This ship sank in just two minutes, with the loss of 83 men.

''U-305'' was lost in January 1944. Fifty-one men died; there were no survivors.

''U-305'' was originally thought to have been sunk by the British destroyer and the frigate at on 17 January 1944.Whinney 1986, p.11-18Axel Niestle, ''U-Boat Losses during World War II'' (1998) , p54 but recent research suggests this attack sank , and ''U-305'' was lost by unknown cause, possibly a victim of one of her own torpedoes.

Wolfpacks

''U-305'' took part in eight wolfpacks, namely:
* Stürmer (11 – 20 March 1943)
* Seewolf (21 – 30 March 1943)
* Mosel (19 – 23 May 1943)
* Leuthen (15 – 24 September 1943)
* Rossbach (25 September – 5 October 1943)
* Borkum (18 December 1943 – 3 January 1944)
* Borkum 1 (3 – 13 January 1944)
* Rügen (13 – 16 January 1944)

Summary of raiding history

References

Notes

Citations

Bibliography

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* Originally published by Poole in 1986.
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External links

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{{DEFAULTSORT:U0305
German Type VIIC submarines
U-boats commissioned in 1942
U-boats sunk in 1944
World War II submarines of Germany
1942 ships
Ships built in Lübeck
Submarines lost with all hands
U-boats sunk by unknown causes
Maritime incidents in January 1944
World War II shipwrecks in the Atlantic Ocean