Archbishop Herman, born Grigory Sadyrev-Polev in
Staritsa Staritsa (russian: Старица) is the name of several inhabited localities in Russia.
Modern localities
;Urban localities
* Staritsa (town), Tver Oblast, a town in Staritsky District of Tver Oblast
;Rural localities
* Staritsa, Astrakhan Obla ...
, was an
archbishop of
Kazan
Kazan ( ; rus, Казань, p=kɐˈzanʲ; tt-Cyrl, Казан, ''Qazan'', IPA: ɑzan is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Tatarstan in Russia. The city lies at the confluence of the Volga and the Kazanka rivers, covering an ...
from 1564 to 1567, and later a candidate for the
Metropolitan of Moscow. He died on November 6 1567 in Moscow and was buried in the Church of Saint Nicholas the Hospitable.
He was the twelfth Metropolitan in Moscow to be appointed without the approval of the
Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople
The ecumenical patriarch ( el, Οἰκουμενικός Πατριάρχης, translit=Oikoumenikós Patriárchēs) is the archbishop of Constantinople ( Istanbul), New Rome and '' primus inter pares'' (first among equals) among the heads of ...
as had been the norm.
Biography
Herman took monastic vows in
Joseph-Volokolamsk Monastery
Joseph Volokolamsk Monastery (Иосифо-Волоколамский монастырь, Волоцкий Успенский Иосифов монастырь in Russian) is a monastery for men, located 17 km northeast of Volokolamsk, Mosco ...
. Here he served under
Hegumen
Hegumen, hegumenos, or igumen ( el, ἡγούμενος, trans. ), is the title for the head of a monastery in the Eastern Orthodox and Eastern Catholic Churches, similar to the title of abbot. The head of a convent of nuns is called a hegumenia ...
Guriy, who would become the first archbishop of Kazan, and was engaged in copying books. Upon organizing his congregation in Kazan, St. Guriy called for Herman and appointed him head of
Bogoroditsky Monastery in
Sviyazhsk
Sviyazhsk (russian: Свия́жск; tt-Cyrl, Зөя, ''Zöya'') is a rural locality (a '' selo'') in the Republic of Tatarstan, Russia, located at the confluence of the Volga and Sviyaga Rivers. It is often referred to as an island since the 19 ...
. The
Russian Orthodox Church
, native_name_lang = ru
, image = Moscow July 2011-7a.jpg
, imagewidth =
, alt =
, caption = Cathedral of Christ the Saviour in Moscow, Russia
, abbreviation = ROC
, type ...
attached great importance to this
monastery
A monastery is a building or complex of buildings comprising the domestic quarters and workplaces of monastics, monks or nuns, whether living in communities or alone ( hermits). A monastery generally includes a place reserved for prayer whi ...
in terms of spreading
Christianity
Christianity is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth. It is the world's largest and most widespread religion with roughly 2.38 billion followers representing one-third of the global pop ...
among the non-Russians in the Kazan region. Upon Guriy's death in 1564, Herman was elected his successor. At the insistence of
Ivan the Terrible and against Herman's will, he was appointed
Metropolitan of
Moscow
Moscow ( , US chiefly ; rus, links=no, Москва, r=Moskva, p=mɐskˈva, a=Москва.ogg) is the capital and largest city of Russia. The city stands on the Moskva River in Central Russia, with a population estimated at 13.0 millio ...
in 1566. When the Tsar seized land from the aristocrats and imposed repression in a policy called the
Oprichnina
The oprichnina (russian: опри́чнина, ) was a state policy implemented by Tsar Ivan the Terrible in Russia between 1565 and 1572. The policy included mass repression of the boyars (Russian aristocrats), including public executions and ...
, Herman demanded the Tsar to abolish it. Herman was banished from
Moscow
Moscow ( , US chiefly ; rus, links=no, Москва, r=Moskva, p=mɐskˈva, a=Москва.ogg) is the capital and largest city of Russia. The city stands on the Moskva River in Central Russia, with a population estimated at 13.0 millio ...
in disgrace for this opposition.
Herman died in Moscow in 1567. His relics were then transported to Sviyazhsk, where they are resting to this day in Bogoroditsky Monastery. The Russian Church celebrates his memory on 6 November and 23 July (the day his relics were transferred from Moscow to Sviyazhsk).
References
{{DEFAULTSORT:German, Metropolitan
1568 deaths
Metropolitans of Kiev and all Rus' (Patriarchate of Moscow)
Russian saints
16th-century Christian saints
Year of birth unknown