''Georissa'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...

of minute

land snail A land snail is any of the numerous species of snail that live on land, as opposed to the sea snails and freshwater snails. ''Land snail'' is the common name for terrestrial gastropod mollusks that have shells (those without shells are known as ...

terrestrial Terrestrial refers to things related to land or the planet Earth. Terrestrial may also refer to: * Terrestrial animal, an animal that lives on land opposed to living in water, or sometimes an animal that lives on or near the ground, as opposed to ...

gastropod The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, from freshwater, and from land. T ...

mollusk Mollusca is the second-largest phylum of invertebrate animals after the Arthropoda, the members of which are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 85,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized. The number of fossil species is e ...

s in the family

Hydrocenidae Hydrocenidae is a taxonomic family of minute land snails or cave snails with an operculum, terrestrial gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the clade Cycloneritimorpha. Hydrocenidae are widespread across the Palearctis and Africa, but r ...

. Although the species are best known for living on the surface of limestone rocks, they are often also found in and on the vegetation and on non-calcareous rocks. One species, '' Georissa filiasaulae'', is cavernicolous. It is only known from two caves in the Sepulut area of Sabah, Malaysian Borneo, where its above-ground sister species, '' Georissa saulae'', inhabits the rocks outside of the cave, and is connected to the cave snail via narrow zones of

hybridization Hybridization (or hybridisation) may refer to: *Hybridization (biology), the process of combining different varieties of organisms to create a hybrid *Orbital hybridization, in chemistry, the mixing of atomic orbitals into new hybrid orbitals *Nu ...

at the cave entrances. Possibly, ''G. filiasaulae'' has evolved without ever having been fully separated from its ancestor, a process known as speciation-with-gene-flow.

Species

Species within the genus ''Georissa'' include: *'' Georissa anyiensis'' Khalik, Hendriks, Vermeulen & Schilthuizen, 2018 * '' Georissa bangueyensis'' E. A. Smith, 1895 *'' Georissa bauensis'' Khalik, Hendriks, Vermeulen & Schilthuizen, 2018 * '' Georissa biangulata'' Quadras & Möllendorff, 1894 * '' Georissa borneensis'' E. A. Smith, 1895 * '' Georissa elegans'' Quadras & Möllendorff, 1894 * '' Georissa everetti'' E. A. Smith, 1895 * '' Georissa filiasaulae'' Haase & Schilthuizen, 2007Haase M. & Schilthuizen M. (2007). "A new ''Georissa'' (Gastropoda: Neritopsina: Hydrocenidae) from a limestone cave in Malaysian Borneo". ''Journal of Molluscan Studies'' 73(3): 215-221. . * '' Georissa gomantongensis'' E.A. Smith, 1894 * '' Georissa hadra'' Thompson & Dance, 1983 * '' Georissa hosei'' Godwin-Austen, 1889 * '' Georissa japonica'' Pilsbry, 1900Noseworthy R. G., Lim N.-R. & Choi K.-S. (2007). "A Catalogue of the Mollusks of Jeju Island, South Korea". '' Korean Journal of Malacology'' 23(1): 65-104
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*'' Georissa kinabatanganensis'' Khalik, Hendriks, Vermeulen & Schilthuizen, 2018 * '' Georissa kobelti'' Gredler, 1902 * '' Georissa laevigata'' Quadras & Möllendorff, 1894 * '' Georissa laseroni'' (Iredale, 1937) * Georissa mawsmaiensis Das & Aravind, 2021 * '' Georissa monterosatiana'' Godwin-Austen & Neville, 1879 *'' Georissa muluensis'' Khalik, Hendriks, Vermeulen & Schilthuizen, 2018 * '' Georissa niahensis'' Godwin-Austen, 1889 * '' Georissa pachysoma'' Vermeulen & Junau, 2007 * '' Georissa purchasi'' * '' Georissa pyrrhoderma'' Thompson & Dance 1983 * '' Georissa pyxis'' (Benson, 1856) - type species of the genus ''Georissa'' * '' Georissa rufula'' von Möllendorf, 1900 * '' Georissa saulae'' (van Benthem-Jutting, 1966) * '' Georissa scalinella'' (van Benthem-Jutting, 1966) * '' Georissa semisculpta'' *'' Georissa sepulutensis'' Khalik, Hendriks, Vermeulen & Schilthuizen, 2018 * '' Georissa shikokuensis'' Amano, 1939 * '' Georissa silaburensis'' Khalik, Hendriks, Vermeulen & Schilthuizen, 2018 * '' Georissa similis'' E.A. Smith, 1894 * '' Georissa vesta'' Thompson & Dance, 1983 * '' Georissa williamsi'' Godwin-Austen, 1889 (including ''Georissa hungerfordi'')

References

External links

* Gastropod genera Hydrocenidae Gastropods of Asia Molluscs of Oceania Taxonomy articles created by Polbot {{Neritimorpha-stub