Georgina Beyer

Georgina Beyer (born November 1957) is a New Zealand politician and former Labour Party Member of Parliament. In 1995 she was elected mayor of Carterton, making her the world's first openly transgender mayor. In 2005 she became the world's first openly transgender Member of Parliament. She is also among a very small number of former sex workers to hold political office.

Early life

Born in 1957 at Wellington Hospital to Noeline (née Tamati) and Jack Bertrand and assigned male at birth, she was named after her maternal grandfather, Lieutenant Colonel George Bertrand, who was second in command in the Māori Battalion. Her parents were living in Hataitai at the time of her birth. She is of European and Māori (Te Āti Awa, Ngāti Mutunga, Ngāti Raukawa, and Ngāti Porou) descent. Her mother had a second child, Karen, to her first husband in December 1958. Karen was placed for adoption and few in the family knew that her mother had been pregnant a second time. Beyer was sent to live with her grandparents on their farm in Taranaki during this second pregnancy. Her parents divorced by 1962.

Her mother married again in 1962. Her mother's second husband was Colin Beyer, a recent law school graduate. The couple moved to Upper Hutt. Beyer, now aged four and a half years, returned to live with her mother and stepfather. A brother, Andrew, was born in December 1963. Beyer attended Upper Hutt Primary School and from age seven, after the family moved to the Wellington suburb of Crofton Downs, Ngaio School. With marital problems developing between her mother and her stepfather, Beyer was sent to Wellesley College boarding school, where she attempted suicide amid feelings of rejection by her parents. From Form 2, she attended the school as a day pupil, as the hostel had closed. After her parents' marriage failed in 1971, financial constraints meant that a private school was no longer affordable, and Beyer attended Onslow College in Form 3. Beyer then moved with her mother and brother Andrew to Papatoetoe to be near family (her brother Raymond lived there, and her sister Joan lived in Glenfield) and friends, with Beyer attending Papatoetoe High School. Before enrolment, a legal surname change by deed poll from "Bertrand" to "Beyer" meant that the difference in family name did not have to be explained at school. It was also seen as socially advantageous for Beyer to be linked to her successful father. Beyer began acting while at that school and decided to make a career out of it, leaving school at 16 (against her mother's will).

She lived in Australia for some time, and on her return to New Zealand began seeking work as an actor with increasing success, culminating in a GOFTA award nomination for "Jewel's Darl" in 1987. In 1984, Beyer underwent sex reassignment surgery.

Beyer became a part of the Wellington gay nightclub scene, initially as a singer and drag-queen performer, and later as a sex worker.

After shifting to Carterton, in the Wairarapa, she worked as a radio host. Beyer was the local news presenter and part of the inaugural breakfast crew on radio station Today FM, then owned by Paul Henry.

Political career

Local politics

She also began to take an interest in local politics, first winning election to a local school board, and subsequently being elected mayor of Carterton in 1995, serving in that role until 2000. This made her the world's first transgender mayor.

Parliament

At the 1999 general election, Beyer was selected as the Labour Party's candidate for the electorate. She surprised political commentators to win the typically right-leaning electorate, with a 3,033-vote majority over former colleague and National candidate Paul Henry, to become the world's first transgender Member of Parliament.

At the , Beyer re-contested Wairarapa for Labour. She was easily re-elected with an increased majority of 6,372 votes.

In a December 2002 interview, Beyer said: "I get asked questions no other politician would ever have to answer. Regarding the surgery, you know. ‘Did it hurt?’, or, ‘When you have sex now as a woman, is it different to how you had sex as a man?’ Well, honey, obviously."

In her speech to Parliament on the Prostitution Reform Act 2003, Beyer identified herself as a former sex worker. She is credited with influencing three MPs to vote for the Bill, which passed with 60 votes for, 59 against with one abstention.

Maiden speech

Traditionally, newly elected MPs have the floor for 10 minutes to introduce themselves to their colleagues. An excerpt from her speech follows:

:Mr. Speaker, I can't help but mention the number of firsts that are in this Parliament. Our first Rastafarian 'Nándor_Tánczos''.html" ;"title="Nándor_Tánczos.html" ;"title="'Nándor Tánczos">'Nándor Tánczos''">Nándor_Tánczos.html" ;"title="'Nándor Tánczos">'Nándor Tánczos''�� our first Polynesian woman [''Luamanuvao Winnie Laban'']… and yes, I have to say it, I guess, I am the first transsexual in New Zealand to be standing in this House of Parliament. This is a first not only in New Zealand, ladies and gentlemen, but also in the world. This is an historic moment. We need to acknowledge that this country of ours leads the way in so many aspects. We have led the way for women getting the vote. We have led the way in the past, and I hope we will do so again in the future in social policy and certainly in human rights.

Political views

In June 2004, Beyer spoke at the UniQ (Queer Students Association) national conference at Waikato University, Hamilton, where she reiterated her support for the Civil Union Bill. She stated that she did not believe that gay marriage would be legal in New Zealand for at least 20 years, and feared that gay and lesbian New Zealanders were facing a turbulent time in which rights gained since homosexual law reform in 1986 would be questioned and attacked. She became emotional while referring to her internal battle between her membership of the New Zealand Parliament, which she described as the world's oldest "true" democracy, and her Māori heritage, when it came to the seabed and foreshore legislation of May 2004, which she voted in favour of.

Human rights and gender identity

In 2004, a bill in Beyer's name was drawn from the ballot for members' bills, and introduced to Parliament. The Bill was intended to add "gender identity" to the Human Rights Act 1993, and thereby prohibit discrimination against people because of their gender identity. The Bill had been Labour Party policy in the 1999 and 2002 election manifestos, and had attracted controversy. Beyer maintained that the Bill ensured human rights for transgender people, and merely clarified existing provisions of the law. In 2006, the acting Solicitor-General wrote a legal opinion that indicated that transgender people were already within the ambit of the Human Rights Act, and Beyer withdrew her Bill.

Retirement

In early 2004, Beyer announced that she would not stand in the 2005 elections. Tension with her electorate committee, which opposed Beyer's views on the seabed and foreshore, may also have contributed to the decision. In September, Beyer changed her mind. She announced that she would seek a position on the Labour list, without recontesting the Wairarapa seat. She stated that a rally by the conservative Destiny Church the previous month had influenced her decision, as she believed that the message of such rallies must be opposed.

Beyer resigned from parliament effective from 15 February 2007, and gave her valedictory speech to Parliament on the previous day. The vacant list position was filled by Lesley Soper.

In 2010, Beyer stated that she was struggling financially since leaving politics and was applying for welfare.

Beyer was diagnosed with chronic kidney disease in 2013, and required dialysis several times a day until she received a kidney transplant. Beyer had a successful kidney transplant in 2017 and has resumed public appearances.

2014 Mana candidacy for Te Tai Tonga

On 27 July 2014 the Mana Party announced that Beyer would stand for Mana in the constituency in the 2014 New Zealand general election.

She polled 9.87% of the vote, the fourth-highest total behind Labour, the Māori Party, and the Green Party, and ahead of only the Legalise Cannabis Party.

Beyer was outwardly critical of the Internet-MANA alliance. She expressed her wariness towards Kim Dotcom, expressing that "he asusing his power and position to seek retribution on people who have done him wrong", and wished that he would have taken a backseat in campaigning. She was outwardly discomforted by Dotcom's influence over the party, and openly criticised Dotcom for "pulling the strings" behind Internet-Mana. Beyer believed the relationship between the two parties was not mutually beneficial. Beyer outwardly criticised that Mana candidates did not receive equal treatment within the partnership and that her campaign ran on "thin air", and later on refused to participate on the national tour.

She was diagnosed with end stage renal failure in 2013. During the election, and until she received a transplant in 2017, Beyer required dialysis four times a day, seven days a week. Beyer regarded her 2014 candidacy as "a way of making amends to Māori for voting for the foreshore and seabed bill" and later on admitted her candidacy was as a personal favour to her acquaintance Hone Harawira. Beyer personally did not expect herself to win, and saw the candidacy as "a fun trip travelling around the South Island”.

Public speaking

Beyer was a keynote speaker at the First International Conference on LGBT Human Rights in Montreal in 2006 and the Second in Copenhagen in 2009, as well as for the Egale Canada Human Rights Trust's annual Gala, held in Toronto on 24 September 2010.

Beyer was invited as a speaker to a public event at Oxford University's debating society Oxford Union on 23 October 2018 and at Cambridge University on 31 October 2018.

Honours and awards

In the 2020 Queen's Birthday Honours, Beyer was appointed a Member of the New Zealand Order of Merit, for services to LGBTIQA+ rights.

See also

* Human rights in New Zealand
* LGBT rights in New Zealand
* Prostitution in New Zealand
* Sex workers' rights
* Transgender rights in New Zealand

Notes

References

Works cited

*

Further reading

*
**Beyer's contribution is a rendition of George Gershwin's " Summertime" (from ''Porgy and Bess'')
*
*
* "She'll be right – Georgina Beyer keeps it Kiwi" by Matt Akersten, 23 November 2008

A Consummate Politician Accepts New Challenges


with Georgina (2013), PrideNZ.com

{{DEFAULTSORT:Beyer, Georgina
1957 births
Living people
New Zealand Labour Party MPs
Transgender politicians
Transgender women
Women mayors of places in New Zealand
Mayors of Carterton, New Zealand
Māori MPs
LGBT mayors of places in New Zealand
People from Carterton, New Zealand
People educated at Onslow College
New Zealand list MPs
Māori mayors
LGBT rights activists from New Zealand
Members of the New Zealand House of Representatives
New Zealand MPs for North Island electorates
Te Āti Awa people
Ngāti Mutunga people
Ngāti Raukawa people
Ngāti Porou people
Mana Movement politicians
Unsuccessful candidates in the 2014 New Zealand general election
21st-century New Zealand politicians
21st-century New Zealand women politicians
Women members of the New Zealand House of Representatives
LGBT members of the Parliament of New Zealand
People from Wellington City
Prostitution in New Zealand
Members of the New Zealand Order of Merit
New Zealand justices of the peace
People educated at Wellesley College, New Zealand
People educated at Papatoetoe High School