Georgia House Bill 481

The Georgia House Bill 481 was an American anti-abortion law passed in 2019 that sought to prevent physicians in the U.S. state of Georgia from performing abortions beyond six weeks, except in special situations. The bill was strongly criticized and, notably, many celebrities in Hollywood threatened to boycott the state of Georgia if it were passed. Passed in 2019, it was initially ruled unconstitutional in July 2020. That ruling was reversed, however, in July 2022.

Overview

Provisions

The Georgia HB481 is a six-week abortion ban; except in certain situations, physicians practicing medicine in the state of Georgia would be prohibited from offering abortion services to pregnant women if a so-called "fetal heartbeat" is present, which typically occurs in the 6th week of pregnancy. Exceptions are provided for women whose pregnancies are considered futile (e.g. anencephaly) or medical emergency and women pregnant by rape or incest but only if they are less than 20 weeks pregnant and only if they have filed a police report.

Supporters

The bill was sponsored by Rep. Ed Setzler, Rep. Jodi Lott, Rep. Darlene Taylor, Rep. Josh Bonner, Rep. Ginny Ehrhart, Rep. Micah Gravley, and Sen. Renee Unterman, all members of the Republican Party.

Proponents of the bill compare the rights of fetuses to those of slaves liberated under the Fourteenth Amendment and LGBT people.

Similar bills

South Carolina introduced a similar prohibitive bill in 2019, H.3020, which passed the South Carolina House of Representatives in a 71 to 30 vote. ''The Post and Courier'' reported that despite passing, it was unlikely the bill would be signed into law. Mississippi (Senate Bill 2116) and Kentucky had passed similar measures in 2019, both of which are being subjected to legal backlash.

Response

Governor Brian Kemp of Georgia voiced his support for the bill, calling it "common sense". Georgia state senator Jen Jordan opposed it, objecting to the wording of the legislation: a woman would have only 1 to 2 weeks to realize she had missed a menstrual period and schedule an abortion, in order to stay within the time frame allotted by the bill. Kemp signed the bill on May 7, 2019.

Hollywood boycott

More than fifty high profile individuals in the U.S. entertainment industry, ranging from actors to screenwriters to directors, issued an official statement threatening to boycott the state of Georgia if the bill is passed. Additionally, Writers Guild of America West and Writers Guild of America East issued a joint statement saying their members would also boycott the state. Such a boycott could have had a devastating effect on Georgia's economy, as the state, especially the capital city of Atlanta, serves as the filming location for many high budget films and television shows, including ''The Walking Dead'', ''Stranger Things'', ''The Real Housewives of Atlanta'', ''Love & Hip Hop: Atlanta'', and ''Cobra Kai''. In 2018, it was estimated that film and television productions contributed US$9.5 billion to Georgia's economy.

Legal challenges

Federal court cases

The American Civil Liberties Union, Planned Parenthood and the Center for Reproductive Rights sued the state in June 2019 and sought an injunction against enforcement of the ban before it would go into effect in January 2020. The case was heard in the United States District Court for the Northern District of Georgia under Judge Steve C. Jones. Jones ruled in favor of the injunction to block enforcement in his decision in October 2019, stating "By banning pre-viability abortions, H.B. 481 violates the constitutional right to privacy, which, in turn, inflicts per se irreparable harm on Plaintiffs."

In July 2020, the bill was ruled unconstitutional by Judge Jones. The state appealed to the Eleventh Circuit. With the Supreme Court scheduled to hear arguments on ''Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization'' in December 2021, a case involving Mississippi's abortion law that banned abortions after 15 weeks and asking questions related to the general provisions set by ''Roe v. Wade'', the Eleventh Circuit put a stay on review of the Georgia case until after the Supreme Court decided ''Dobbs''. Following the Supreme Court's decision overturning ''Roe'', the Eleventh Circuit lifted the stay and permitted the law to enter into force.

State court cases

The ACLU, SisterSong, Planned Parenthood and other groups sued the state in July 2022 following the federal case's conclusion. The parties sought an injunction against enforcement of the ban under the Constitution of Georgia. The case was filed in the Superior Court of Fulton County and will be heard by Judge Robert McBurney.

References

{{Reflist

External links

Georgia General Assembly - HB 481

United States abortion law
2019 in Georgia (U.S. state)
Georgia (U.S. state) law
2020 in Georgia (U.S. state)
Anti-abortion movements
Heartbeat bills
Women in Georgia (U.S. state)