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George Lewith (12 January 1950 – 17 March 2017) was a professor at the
University of Southampton , mottoeng = The Heights Yield to Endeavour , type = Public research university , established = 1862 – Hartley Institution1902 – Hartley University College1913 – Southampton University Coll ...
researching
alternative medicine Alternative medicine is any practice that aims to achieve the healing effects of medicine despite lacking biological plausibility, testability, repeatability, or evidence from clinical trials. Complementary medicine (CM), complementary and alt ...
and a practitioner of complementary medicine. He was a prominent and sometimes controversial advocate of complementary medicine in the UK.


Education and career

Lewith graduated from
Trinity College, Cambridge Trinity College is a constituent college of the University of Cambridge. Founded in 1546 by Henry VIII, King Henry VIII, Trinity is one of the largest Cambridge colleges, with the largest financial endowment of any college at either Cambridge ...
in medicine and biochemistry. He then went on to Westminster Medical School to complete his clinical studies and began working clinically in 1974. In 1977 Lewith became a member of the
Royal College of Physicians The Royal College of Physicians (RCP) is a British professional membership body dedicated to improving the practice of medicine, chiefly through the accreditation of physicians by examination. Founded by royal charter from King Henry VIII in 1 ...
. Then, in 1980, he became a member of the
Royal College of General Practitioners The Royal College of General Practitioners (RCGP) is the professional body for general (medical) practitioners (GPs/Family Physicians/Primary Care Physicians) in the United Kingdom. The RCGP represents and supports GPs on key issues including l ...
and, later in 1999, was elected a fellow of the Royal College of Physicians. At the time of his death, he was a Professor of Health Research in the Department of Primary Care at the University of Southampton and a director of the International Society for Complementary Medicine Research. Lewith obtained a significant number of institutional peer reviewed fellowships at doctoral and post-doctoral level and was principal investigator or collaborator in research grants totally over £5 million during the last decade. Between 1980 and 2010, Lewith was a partner at the Centre for Complementary and Integrated Medicine, a private practice providing complementary treatments with clinics in London and Southampton.


Research

Lewith's research has ranged across several areas of complementary medicine. This has involved examining how complementary techniques might be investigated and the development of new research methodology to evaluate complementary techniques, as well as the collection of primary research data concerning a variety of complementary techniques. His primary research has included examinations of the clinical effects of
acupuncture Acupuncture is a form of alternative medicine and a component of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in which thin needles are inserted into the body. Acupuncture is a pseudoscience; the theories and practices of TCM are not based on scientifi ...
and possible acupuncture mechanisms, the effects of distant and present healing, the clinical effects of
homoeopathy Homeopathy or homoeopathy is a pseudoscientific system of alternative medicine. It was conceived in 1796 by the German physician Samuel Hahnemann. Its practitioners, called homeopaths, believe that a substance that causes symptoms of a dise ...
, the effects and activity of
herbal medicine Herbal medicine (also herbalism) is the study of pharmacognosy and the use of medicinal plants, which are a basis of traditional medicine. With worldwide research into pharmacology, some herbal medicines have been translated into modern remed ...
, the clinical effects of the Alexander technique and the use and effectiveness of a variety of
nutritional supplements A dietary supplement is a manufactured product intended to supplement one's diet by taking a pill, capsule, tablet, powder, or liquid. A supplement can provide nutrients either extracted from food sources or that are synthetic in order ...
and herbs. Lewith has also co-authored several studies indicating a lack of specific efficacy in some complementary therapies and techniques. He has also investigated how and why people use complementary medicine and is currently involved in two major EU projects. One looking at the use, delivery and possible future research strategies of complementary medicine in Europe and another relating to the use and investigation of Chinese herbal medicines within a European context. In his career, Lewith has published over 330
peer-reviewed Peer review is the evaluation of work by one or more people with similar competencies as the producers of the work (peers). It functions as a form of self-regulation by qualified members of a profession within the relevant field. Peer review ...
publications, authored several books and contributed to several others.


Broadcasting, advocacy and controversy

Lewith was a council member of the ''Foundation for Integrated Medicine'' and later a foundation fellow of the
Prince of Wales Prince of Wales ( cy, Tywysog Cymru, ; la, Princeps Cambriae/Walliae) is a title traditionally given to the heir apparent to the English and later British throne. Prior to the conquest by Edward I in the 13th century, it was used by the rulers ...
' ''
Foundation for Integrated Health The Foundation for Integrated Health (FIH) was a controversial charity run by King Charles III (then Prince of Wales) founded in 1993. The foundation promoted complementary and alternative medicine, preferring to use the term " integrated health", ...
'', a controversial charity that promoted complementary medicine and has since closed. The ''Foundation for Integrated Medicine'' became the Prince of Wales' ''Foundation for Integrated Health'' in 2000. In an article, Lewith described his research unit at the University of Southampton as having played an important role in the development of the foundation, with especial regard to its research and development agenda. In 1997, Lewith presented a documentary series examining complementary medicine for
Channel 4 Channel 4 is a British free-to-air public broadcast television network operated by the state-owned enterprise, state-owned Channel Four Television Corporation. It began its transmission on 2 November 1982 and was established to provide a four ...
called ''Natural Born Healers''. The series won a
Royal Television Society The Royal Television Society (RTS) is a British-based educational charity for the discussion, and analysis of television in all its forms, past, present, and future. It is the oldest television society in the world. It currently has fourteen r ...
award for its programme on herbalism. However, the series also drew criticism from Dr. Peter May and colleagues at the Grove Medical Practice in Southampton, who had cooperated with the programme, in a complaint to
HealthWatch HealthWatch is a UK charity which promotes evidence-based medicine. Its formal aims are: # The assessment and testing of treatments, whether “orthodox” or “alternative”; # Consumer protection of all forms of health care, both by thorou ...
. A book of the same title as the documentary series and co-authored by Lewith accompanied the series. In 2004 he participated in a radio series presented by
Anna Ford Anna Ford (born 2 October 1943) is an English former journalist, television presenter and newsreader. She first worked as a researcher, news reporter and later newsreader for Granada Television, ITN, and the BBC. Ford helped launch the British ...
about complementary medicine co-produced by
BBC Radio 4 BBC Radio 4 is a British national radio station owned and operated by the BBC that replaced the BBC Home Service in 1967. It broadcasts a wide variety of spoken-word programmes, including news, drama, comedy, science and history from the BBC' ...
and the
Open University The Open University (OU) is a British public research university and the largest university in the United Kingdom by number of students. The majority of the OU's undergraduate students are based in the United Kingdom and principally study off- ...
, titled ''The Other Medicine''. A 2006
BBC #REDIRECT BBC #REDIRECT BBC Here i going to introduce about the best teacher of my life b BALAJI sir. He is the precious gift that I got befor 2yrs . How has helped and thought all the concept and made my success in the 10th board exam. ...
...
documentary series, ''Alternative Medicine'', was criticised by several people, including Lewith, in the ''
Guardian Guardian usually refers to: * Legal guardian, a person with the authority and duty to care for the interests of another * ''The Guardian'', a British daily newspaper (The) Guardian(s) may also refer to: Places * Guardian, West Virginia, Unite ...
'' over a controversial sequence in which acupuncture appeared to be used as a replacement for general anaesthesia during open heart surgery. Lewith had participated in the series as an advisor, but criticised the programme for inappropriate sensationalism and poor interpretation of science. In criticisms published in the ''British Medical Journal'', both Jane Cassidy and
David Colquhoun David Colquhoun (born 19 July 1936) is a British pharmacologist at University College London (UCL). He has contributed to the general theory of receptor and synaptic mechanisms, and in particular the theory and practice of single ion channel f ...
criticise Lewith, claiming that he prescribes homoeopathy despite having written papers that conclude it doesn't work. Lewith has conducted research suggesting that the homeopathic remedy has no effect, and other research suggesting that, while the homeopathic medicine itself does not appear to have an effect, the homeopathic consultation has a clinically relevant non-specific effect.


Selected bibliography

;Selected papers *(2006) . ''Clinical Journal of Pain'' 22 (7): 632–638. *(2004) . ''Chest'' 125 (5): 1783–90. *(2002) ''American Journal of Public Health'' 92 (10): 1604–1606. *(2002) . ''British Medical Journal'' 324: 520–523. *(2001) . ''British Medical Journal'' 322: 131–134. ;Selected books *''The Acupuncture Treatment of Internal Disease: An Introduction to the Use of Traditional Chinese Acupuncture in the Treatment of Some Common Internal Diseases''. Thorsons Publishers 1985. . *''Alternative Therapies: A Guide to Complementary Medicine for the Health Professional''. Heinemann, 1985. . *''Modern Chinese Acupuncture: A Review of Acupuncture Techniques as Practiced in China Today'' (with N. R. Lewith). Merlin Press, 1994. . *''Acupuncture: Its Place in Western Medical Science''. Merlin Press, 1998. . *''Understanding Complementary Medicine''. Family Doctor Publications, 2004. .


References


External links


Staff page at Southampton University
{{DEFAULTSORT:Lewith, George 1950 births 2017 deaths British medical researchers Academics of the University of Southampton Alumni of Trinity College, Cambridge Alumni of Westminster Hospital Medical School Fellows of the Royal College of Physicians