''Geobacter anodireducens'' is a

Gram-negative Gram-negative bacteria are bacteria that do not retain the crystal violet stain used in the Gram staining method of bacterial differentiation. They are characterized by their cell envelopes, which are composed of a thin peptidoglycan cell wall ...

aerotolerant Aerotolerant anaerobes use fermentation to produce ATP. They do not use oxygen, but they can protect themselves from reactive oxygen molecules. In contrast, obligate anaerobes can be harmed by reactive oxygen molecules. There are three categorie ...

exoelectrogen An exoelectrogen normally refers to a microorganism that has the ability to transfer electrons extracellularly. While exoelectrogen is the predominant name, other terms have been used: electrochemically active bacteria, anode respiring bacteria, and ...

ic,

anaerobic Anaerobic means "living, active, occurring, or existing in the absence of free oxygen", as opposed to aerobic which means "living, active, or occurring only in the presence of oxygen." Anaerobic may also refer to: * Anaerobic adhesive, a bonding a ...

, non-

spore In biology, a spore is a unit of sexual or asexual reproduction that may be adapted for dispersal and for survival, often for extended periods of time, in unfavourable conditions. Spores form part of the life cycles of many plants, algae, f ...

-forming and non-motile bacterium from the genus of ''

Geobacter ''Geobacter'' is a genus of bacteria. ''Geobacter'' species are anaerobic respiration bacterial species which have capabilities that make them useful in bioremediation. ''Geobacter'' was found to be the first organism with the ability to oxidiz ...

'' Like others in its genus, it is commonly found in soil and uses iron as its electron acceptor. Due to its ability to generate current, it is an organism of note for

Microbial fuel cell Microbial fuel cell (MFC) is a type of bioelectrochemical fuel cell system that generates electric current by diverting electrons produced from the microbial oxidation of reduced compounds (also known as fuel or electron donor) on the anode to oxid ...

research. ''G. anodireducens'' was first isolated in 2014, and characterized in 2019, both by Dan Sun.

Characteristics

''G. anodireducens'' is curved bacillus, most easily distinguished from its cousins

Geobacter metallireducens ''Geobacter metallireducens'' is a gram-negative metal-reducing proteobacterium. It is a strict anaerobe that oxidizes several short-chain fatty acids, alcohols, and monoaromatic compounds with Fe(III) as the sole electron acceptor. It can als ...

and

Geobacter sulfurreducens ''Geobacter sulfurreducens'' is a gram-negative metal and sulphur-reducing proteobacterium. It is rod-shaped, obligately anaerobic, non-fermentative, has flagellum and type four pili, and is closely related to ''Geobacter metallireducens''. ''G ...

by its osmotolerance: it is able to withstand nearly twice the salt concentration in solution.

Genome

The genome of ''G. anodireducens'' is 3,555,507 base pairs long. The bacteria also contains a plasmid at 110,507 base pairs long. Both are circular. A total of 3,564 genes have been located on the plasmid and genome combined.

References

Bacteria described in 2014 Thermodesulfobacteriota {{Bacteria-stub