Genrikh Genrikhovich Manizer (russian: Генрих Генрихович Манизер; – ) was a

Russian Russian(s) refers to anything related to Russia, including: *Russians (, ''russkiye''), an ethnic group of the East Slavic peoples, primarily living in Russia and neighboring countries *Rossiyane (), Russian language term for all citizens and peo ...

ethnographer Ethnography (from Greek ''ethnos'' "folk, people, nation" and ''grapho'' "I write") is a branch of anthropology and the systematic study of individual cultures. Ethnography explores cultural phenomena from the point of view of the subject o ...

who, among other works, produced valuable ethnographic monographs regarding two

indigenous peoples of Brazil Indigenous peoples in Brazil ( pt, povos indígenas no Brasil) or Indigenous Brazilians ( pt, indígenas brasileiros, links=no) once comprised an estimated 2000 ethnic group, tribes and nations inhabiting what is now the country of Brazil, befor ...

in 1914 and 1915. The ethnographer, whose name is transliterated into the Latin script as H.H. Manizer or Henrich Henrikhovitch Manizer, was born in 1889, and was the most important member of the second Russian expedition to

South America South America is a continent entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere at the northern tip of the continent. It can also be described as the southe ...

. Manizer spent six months with the Krenak (also known as Aimoré or Botocudos) in

Minas Gerais Minas Gerais () is a state in Southeastern Brazil. It ranks as the second most populous, the third by gross domestic product (GDP), and the fourth largest by area in the country. The state's capital and largest city, Belo Horizonte (literally ...

and for three months with the

Kaingang The Kaingang (also spelled ''caingangue'' in Portuguese or ''kanhgág'' in the Kaingang language) people are an Indigenous Brazilian ethnic group spread out over the three southern Brazilian states of Paraná, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande ...

São Paulo São Paulo (, ; Portuguese for 'Saint Paul') is the most populous city in Brazil, and is the capital of the state of São Paulo, the most populous and wealthiest Brazilian state, located in the country's Southeast Region. Listed by the GaWC a ...

(between 1914 and 1915). In Brazil (and in Russia) he also carried out documentary research on the first Russian expedition to Brazil, the Langsdorff Expedition(1821-1829), producing the first historical works regarding it (this text remained unedited for three decades after Manizer's death)."A expedição do acadêmico G.I. Langsdorff ao Brasil (1821-1828)", G.G. Manizer. Trad. Osvaldo Peralva. São Paulo: Cia Editora Nacional, 1967 The outbreak of

World War I World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fightin ...

Europe Europe is a large peninsula conventionally considered a continent in its own right because of its great physical size and the weight of its history and traditions. Europe is also considered a Continent#Subcontinents, subcontinent of Eurasia ...

cut Manizer's trip short. He died on the

western front Western Front or West Front may refer to: Military frontiers *Western Front (World War I), a military frontier to the west of Germany *Western Front (World War II), a military frontier to the west of Germany *Western Front (Russian Empire), a majo ...

from

typhus Typhus, also known as typhus fever, is a group of infectious diseases that include epidemic typhus, scrub typhus, and murine typhus. Common symptoms include fever, headache, and a rash. Typically these begin one to two weeks after exposure. ...

(according to Strelnikov, another member of the Brazilian expedition). Manizer's ethnographic work about the Kaingang was first published in a French translation (''Les Kaingang de Sao Paulo'') by Strelnikov, in 1930 (International Congress of Americanists, in New York); it was only published in Brazil in 2006, as ''Os Kaingang de São Paulo'' (http://www.curtnimuendaju.com.br/livros/os-kaingang-de-s-o-paulo.html), due to efforts of Editora Curt Nimuendajú, in a translation by Juracilda Veiga.

References

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* 1889 births 1917 deaths Writers from Saint Petersburg Deaths from typhus Russian ethnographers Baltic German people from the Russian Empire Saint Petersburg State University alumni Russian military personnel killed in World War I {{ethnographer-stub