The General Elections Commission ( id, Komisi Pemilihan Umum, abbreviated as KPU) is the body that organises elections in Indonesia. Its responsibilities include deciding which parties can contest elections, organising the voting and announcing the results and seats won in the various branches of the government.

History

Following the fall of President Suharto and the end of Indonesia's authoritarian New Order, as a result of public pressure, President Habibie brought forward the general elections planned for 2002 to 1999. On 1 February the

People's Representative Council The People's Representative Council of the Republic of Indonesia ( id, Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Republik Indonesia, DPR-RI), also known as the House of Representatives, is one of two elected chambers of the People's Consultative Assembly (MPR), ...

passed Law No.3/1999 on the General Election, which mandated the establishment of a "free and independent General Elections Commission comprising members of political parties and the government" to oversee the elections. The commission was then established with 53 members and former home affairs minister Rudini as chair. As a result of further public pressure, the government appointed five independent people as its representatives, including noted human rights lawyer Adnan Buyung Nasution. Other independent members included former

Supreme Court A supreme court is the highest court within the hierarchy of courts in most legal jurisdictions. Other descriptions for such courts include court of last resort, apex court, and high (or final) court of appeal. Broadly speaking, the decisions of ...

judge Adi Andojo Soetjipto and political commentator Andi Mallarangeng. The 1999 elections were held on 7 June, and were a success thanks to the management of the KPU, although 27 of the 48 parties contesting the election (all but one of which won less than 0.7% of the vote) refused to sign the KPU document reporting the results. The KPU passed the problem on to President Habibie, who declared the results valid on 26 July.Puspoyo (2012) pp 282-296Abdullah (2009) p537Manning & van Dierman (2000) p18 & p35KPU website: Profile of Commission The second incarnation of the KPU was established on 11 April 2001 to organise the

2004 elections 4 (four) is a number, numeral and digit. It is the natural number following 3 and preceding 5. It is the smallest semiprime and composite number, and is considered unlucky in many East Asian cultures. In mathematics Four is the smallest c ...

, but this time was made up of individuals from academia and NGOs. In 2007 the

(DPR) passed Law No. 22/2007, which stipulated that members of the KPU serve a five-year term. It also stated that members of the KPU would be chosen by a selection committee that together with the president would put forward a list of names to the DPR, which would conduct a fit and proper test. As a result of this process, which lasted from 21 to 30 August 2007, the initial 45 candidates were whittled down to 21, and a vote was taken by the DPR to decide on the final membership. The seven people chosen for the 2007–2012 term KPU were members of regional KPUs, academics, researchers and bureaucrats.

Headquarters

KPU central headquarters is located in a building on Jalan Imam Bonjol 29,

Central Jakarta Central Jakarta ( id, Jakarta Pusat) is one of the five administrative cities () which form the Special Capital Region of Jakarta. It had 902,973 inhabitants according to the 2010 censusBiro Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2011. and 1,056,896 at the 2 ...

. The building, designed by architect A.W. Gmelig Meyling, was completed in 1955 and was among the first to be built in the post-war architecture style in Indonesia. It was described as ''"impressive"'' at its completion. The building was originally used for the office of the National Horticulture Centre of the Ministry of Agriculture. KPU also has its local offices in all provinces, cities, and regencies throughout Indonesia except

Aceh Aceh ( ), officially the Aceh Province ( ace, Nanggroë Acèh; id, Provinsi Aceh) is the westernmost province of Indonesia. It is located on the northernmost of Sumatra island, with Banda Aceh being its capital and largest city. Granted a s ...

, where it took a name Independent Commission on Elections (''Komisi Independen Pemilihan'' or KIP) with its own structure and regulation.

Current membership

On 12 April 2022, President

Joko Widodo Joko Widodo (; born 21 June 1961), popularly known as Jokowi, is an Indonesian politician and businessman who is the 7th and current president of Indonesia. Elected in July 2014, he was the first Indonesian president not to come from an elite ...

, inaugurated members of KPU and Bawaslu for a term of 2022-2027. These are the current members (commissioners) of KPU: * Hasyim Asy'ari (Chairman) * Betty Epsilon Idroos * Mochammad Afifuddin * Parsadaan Harahap * Yulianto Sudrajat * Idham Holik * August Mellaz.

List of chairmen

* Rudini (1999–2001) * Nazaruddin Sjamsuddin (2001–2005) * Ramlan Surbakti (2005–2007, ''acting'') * Abdul Hafiz Anshari (2007–2012) * Husni Kamil Manik (2012–2016) * Hadar Nafis Gumay (2016, ''acting'') * Juri Ardiantoro (2016–2017) * Arief Budiman (2017–2021, removed from office) * Ilham Saputra (2021–2022) * Hasyim Asy'ari (2022–present)

Organization Structure

* Board of KPU Commissioners (including the Chairman of the KPU) ** Office of the Chairman of the KPU * General Secretariat of the KPU ** Deputy I (Administration Affairs) *** Bureau of Planning and Organization **** Division of Programs and Planning ***** Subdivision of Planning System and Procedures ***** Subdivision of Planning ***** Subdivision of Programs and Plans Execution **** Division of Facilitation for Cooperation Administration ***** Subdivision of Facilitation for the Domestic Cooperation Administration ***** Subdivision of Facilitation for the International Cooperation Administration ***** Subdivision of Administration of the Bureau of Planning and Organization **** Division of Monitoring, Evaluation, and Reporting ***** Subdivision of Monitoring ***** Subdivision of Evaluation ***** Subdivision of Reporting **** Division of Organization and Administration ***** Subdivision of Organization ***** Subdivision of Administration *** Bureau of Finance and State-owned Properties **** Division of Financial Information and Management ***** Subdivision of Financial Information ***** Subdivision of Electoral Finance Management ***** Subdivision of Routine Finance Management **** Division of Treasury ***** Subdivision of Salary and Debt Management ***** Subdivision of Treasury Guidance and Fostering ***** Subdivision of Administration of the Bureau of Finance and State-owned Properties **** Division of State-owned Properties Management ***** Subdivision of State-owned Properties Management I ***** Subdivision of State-owned Properties Management II ***** Subdivision of State-owned Properties Management III **** Division of Accountancy and Financial Reporting ***** Subdivision of Accountancy and Financial Reporting I ***** Subdivision of Accountancy and Financial Reporting II ***** Subdivision of Accountancy and Financial Reporting III *** Bureau of General Affairs **** Division of House Affairs ***** Subdivision of Office Infrastructures and Equipment ***** Subdivision of Office Management and Services ***** Subdivision of Official Travels and Transport Administration **** Division of Security ***** Subdivision of Office and Official Residences Security ***** Subdivision of KPU Officers Security and Internal Security **** Division of Proceedings and Protocols ***** Subdivision of Proceedings ***** Subdivision of Protocols ***** Subdivision of Administration of the Bureau of General Affairs **** Division of Letters and Leadership Administration ***** Subdivision of Letters and Archives ***** Subdivision of Chairman of the KPU and KPU Commissioners Administration ***** Subdivision of KPU General Secretariat Administration ***** Subdivision of Deputy I Administration ***** Subdivision of Deputy II Administration *** Bureau of Human Resources **** Division of Employee Administration ***** Subdivision of Employee Planning and Procurement ***** Subdivision of Employee Mutation and Pension ***** Subdivision of Employee Data Management **** Division of Employee Performance and Welfare ***** Subdivision of Employee Performance ***** Subdivision of Employee Discipline Enforcement ***** Subdivision of Employee Rewards and Welfare **** Division of Employee Career Development ***** Subdivision of Structural Career Tracks Planning and Development ***** Subdivision of Functionaries Career Tracks Planning and Development ***** Subdivision of Administration of the Bureau of Human Resources **** Division of KPU Members and Ad-hoc Bodies Administration ***** Subdivision of KPU Members and Ad-hoc Bodies Administration I ***** Subdivision of KPU Members and Ad-hoc Bodies Administration II ***** Subdivision of KPU Members and Ad-hoc Bodies Administration III ** Deputy II (Technical Support) *** Bureau of Technical Support for Electoral Organizers **** Division of Ballots Design, Documentation, Electoral Regions, and Chairs Allocation ***** Subdivision of Ballots Design and Documentation ***** Subdivision of Electoral Regions ***** Subdivision of Chairs Allocation **** Division of Election Participants Management ***** Subdivision of Employee Performance ***** Subdivision of Employee Discipline Enforcement ***** Subdivision of Employee Rewards and Welfare **** Division of Employee Career Development ***** Subdivision of DPR and DPRD Candidacy and Interim Replacement ***** Subdivision of Presidential and Vice-Presidential Candidacy and DPD Candidacy and Interim Replacement ***** Subdivision of Political Parties **** Division of Voting, Vote Counting, and Vote Count Results Recapitulation ***** Subdivision of Voting and Vote Counting ***** Subdivision of Vote Count Results Recapitulation ***** Subdivision of Establishment of Election Results *** Bureau of Logistics **** Division of Election Logistics Management ***** Subdivision of Planning and Data Management for Election Logistics ***** Subdivision of Preparation for Procurement of Election Logistics ***** Subdivision of Maintenance and Inventory of Election Logistics **** Division of Goods and Services Procurement ***** Subdivision of Goods and Services Procurement ***** Subdivision of Goods and Services Procurement Information System ***** Subdivision of Goods and Services Procurement Guidance and Fostering **** Division of Election Logistics Reporting and Documentation ***** Subdivision of Reporting ***** Subdivision of Documentation ***** Subdivision of Administration of the Bureau of Election Logistics Reporting and Documentation *** Bureau of Law Advocation and Dispute Resolution **** Division of Advocation and Legal Opinion ***** Subdivision of Advocation ***** Subdivision of Legal Opinion ***** Subdivision of Administration of the Bureau of Law Advocation and Dispute Resolution *** Bureau of Legal Affairs ***** Subdivision of Administration of the Bureau of Legal Affairs *** Bureau of Public Participation and Public Relations **** Division of Voters Education ***** Subdivision of Direct Socialization and Voters Education ***** Subdivision of Indirect Socialization and Voters Education by Media ***** Subdivision of Socialization and Voters Education Material and Management **** Division of Public Relations and Public Information ***** Subdivision of Public Relations and Book Affairs ***** Subdivision of Public Information and Social Media ***** Subdivision of Coverage and Public Relations Documentation **** Division of Inter-institutional Relations ***** Subdivision of Inter-governmental Bodies Relations ***** Subdivision of Non-governmental Bodies and Community Bodies Relations ***** Subdivision of Administration of the Bureau of Public Participation and Public Relations ** General Inspectorate *** Inspectorate I *** Inspectorate II *** Inspectorate III *** Division of the General Inspectorate Administration **** Subdivision of Planning and General Affairs **** Subdivision of Facilitation of Auditors **** Subdivision of Evaluation and Information of Investigation Follow-up ** Center for Education, Research, and Development **** Division of Education, Research, and Development Administration and General Affairs **** Division of Planning, Monitoring, Evaluation, and Reporting **** Division of Education **** Division of Research, and Development ** Center for Data and Information **** Division of Data and Information Administration and General Affairs **** Division of Data and Information **** Division of IT Infrastructures **** Division of Applications and IT Managements ** Provincial KPU Secretariats *** Cities/Regencies KPU Secretariats

References

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Notes

{{Government of Indonesia Government agencies of Indonesia Elections in Indonesia Politics of Indonesia Indonesia