{{Infobox mountain , name = Geisberg , other_name = Bitschberg, Pitsch Berg, Bitsch, Benhaar, Geischberg , etymology = , native_name = , native_name_lang = , translation = , pronunciation = , photo = Goldener Oktober 2016 Geisberg.jpg , photo_size = , photo_alt = , photo_caption = The Geisberg (literally: Goats Hill) seen from the north-west, Moselle in between, Mühlheim village to the left , map = , map_image = , map_alt = , map_caption = , map_relief = , map_size = , location = , label = , label_position = , elevation = , elevation_m = 262 , elevation_ft = , elevation_ref = , prominence = , prominence_m = , prominence_ft = , prominence_ref = , isolation = , isolation_km = , isolation_mi = , isolation_ref = , parent_peak = , listing =

Natural region A natural region (landscape unit) is a basic geographic unit. Usually, it is a region which is distinguished by its common natural features of geography, geology, and climate. From the ecology, ecological point of view, the naturally occurring fl ...

Moselle Valley,

Middle Moselle The Middle Moselle or Central Moselle (german: Mittelmosel) refers to the approximately 120-kilometre-long section of the river Moselle, in the state of Rhineland-Palatinate in Germany from the city of Trier to Zell. The subsequent section of t ...

, Osann-Veldenz former circulated mountains , range =

Moselle Hills The Moselle Hills (german: Moselberge) form a ridge, up to , on the left bank of the river Moselle between Reil, Germany, Reil and Schweich in the Rhineland-Palatinate counties of Landkreis Bernkastel-Wittlich, Bernkastel-Wittlich and Landkreis Tr ...

Rhenish Massif The Rhenish Massif, Rhine Massif or Rhenish Uplands (german: Rheinisches Schiefergebirge, : 'Rhenish Slate Uplands') is a geologic massif in western Germany, eastern Belgium, Luxembourg and northeastern France. It is drained centrally, south to n ...

, coordinates = {{coord, 49, 53, 21, N, 7, 0, 39, E, region:DE-RP_type:mountain, format=dms, display=inline Geisberg , coordinates_ref = , topo = , type = , age =

Lower Devonian The Early Devonian is the first of three epochs comprising the Devonian period, corresponding to the Lower Devonian series. It lasted from and began with the Lochkovian Stage , which was followed by the Pragian from and then by the Emsian, w ...

, geology = Clay Slate , first_ascent = , easiest_route = , normal_route = , access = , child = , embedded = The Geisberg is a 262 m high mountain at Mülheim on Moselle, in Germany. It is a remnant of a dry fallen

meander A meander is one of a series of regular sinuous curves in the channel of a river or other watercourse. It is produced as a watercourse erodes the sediments of an outer, concave bank ( cut bank) and deposits sediments on an inner, convex bank ...

of the river

Moselle The Moselle ( , ; german: Mosel ; lb, Musel ) is a river that rises in the Vosges mountains and flows through north-eastern France and Luxembourg to western Germany. It is a bank (geography), left bank tributary of the Rhine, which it jo ...

Geography

The Geisberg is a narrow, elongated mountain ridge in a valley widening of the

. Surrounded by a wide circulating valley, it stands isolated from the other

and the adjacent Haardtwald Hills of the

Hunsrück The Hunsrück () is a long, triangular, pronounced upland in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It is bounded by the valleys of the Moselle-Saar (north-to-west), the Nahe (south), and the Rhine (east). It is continued by the Taunus mountains, past ...

. Starting from Mülheim on Moselle, about half a kilometer from the banks of the Moselle, it extends over 3 km to the south, past

Veldenz Veldenz is an ''Ortsgemeinde'' – a municipality belonging to a ''Verbandsgemeinde'', a kind of collective municipality – in the Bernkastel-Wittlich district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It is the former main seat of the County of Veldenz, ...

village up to the village of Burgen. Its flanks, which are well developed with numerous paved paths, are almost entirely covered with vineyards. It has two wooded summits, of which the more southerly near Veldenz is 262 m above sea level and the other in its central area 226 m. The peaks are lying 80 to 100 m above the level of the surrounding valley.. The Geisberg is located in the region of the

. It belongs to the right-hand side, the Hunsrück facing

, which are part of the

on the left bank of the river Rhine. The hills of this region were not raised by

tectonic uplift Tectonic uplift is the geologic uplift of Earth's surface that is attributed to plate tectonics. While isostatic response is important, an increase in the mean elevation of a region can only occur in response to tectonic processes of crustal thick ...

of individual masses from a low-lying plain, but rather through

downcutting Downcutting, also called erosional downcutting, downward erosion or vertical erosion is a geological process by hydraulic action that deepens the channel of a stream or valley by removing material from the stream's bed or the valley's floor. The ...

which cut valleys and ravines into a coherent mountain mass. The predominant rocks are Clay Slate and

Greywacke Greywacke or graywacke (German ''grauwacke'', signifying a grey, earthy rock) is a variety of sandstone generally characterized by its hardness, dark color, and poorly sorted angular grains of quartz, feldspar, and small rock fragments or lit ...

from the

which is not quite water resistant.

Genesis

From the

Quaternary The Quaternary ( ) is the current and most recent of the three periods of the Cenozoic Era in the geologic time scale of the International Commission on Stratigraphy (ICS). It follows the Neogene Period and spans from 2.58 million years ...

onwards, the Moselle formed

Meander A meander is one of a series of regular sinuous curves in the channel of a river or other watercourse. It is produced as a watercourse erodes the sediments of an outer, concave bank ( cut bank) and deposits sediments on an inner, convex bank ...

in an originally flat plain with a balanced, flat undulating relief and cut progressively into today's narrow valley. At the beginning of the Upper Middle Terrace period, the Geisberg was a peninsula in a Moselle meander. On the west side of the mountain, the Moselle turned south, deviating from today's course, and turned in a loop near Burgen village back north and further along the east side. The Moselle continued flowing across the today's course past the Brauneberg mountain, and further in a north-westerly direction through the valley of Osann-Monzel into the

Wittlich Depression The Wittlich Depression (german: Wittlicher Senke or ''Wittlicher Rotliegend-Senke''), less commonly, the Wittlich Basin, is the continuation of the Trier Valley in a northeasterly direction. It is not only recognisable in the terrain as an elon ...

. There it turned back south and reached in Lieser the current course of the river again, at 2 to 3 km from the point where these bends began. At the time of the Lower Terrace, a first breakthrough of the Moselle took place on what was then an impact slope near today's Mülheim. Further breakthroughs followed at the villages of Noviand and Maring. The Geisberg became the first and oldest circulating mountain in this area, before the Noviander Hüttenkopf and the Maring Mountain. Today the rivulets Frohnbach and Veldenzer Bach are flowing through the former Moselle valley at the Geisberg. Both come from the Hunsrück and had to relocate their estuaries after the Moselle had taken another course.

References

Digitale Topographische Karte 1:5 000 (DTK5) von 1890 bis 2019. Landesamt für Vermessung und Geobasisinformation Rheinland-Pfalz (Ed.).
online
retrieved on 15-08-2020) Bruno Dietrich. ''Morphologie des Moselgebietes zwischen Trier und Alf''. 1910.
online
in Internet Archive, retrieved on 14-08-2020) Kartenaufnahme der Rheinlande durch Tranchot und von Müffling 1803-1820. Digitale Topographische Karte. Landesamt für Vermessung und Geobasisinformation Rheinland-Pfalz (Ed.).
online
retrieved on 3-08-2020) Fritz Goldschmidt. ''Deutschlands Weinbauorte und Weinbergslagen''. J. Diemer, 1925. Landschaft im Wandel - Digitale Topographische Karte 1:25 000 (DTK25) von 1890 bis 2019. Landesamt für Vermessung und Geobasisinformation Rheinland-Pfalz (Ed.).
online
retrieved on 3-08-2020) Landesamt für Umwelt, Wasserwirtschaft und Gewerbeaufsicht Rheinland-Pfalz (Ed.). ''Die Naturräumliche Gliederung von Rheinland-Pfalz. Liste der Naturräume von Rheinland-Pfalz''. 2010.
online
retrieved on 15-08-2020) Geography of Rhineland-Palatinate Mountains and hills of Rhineland-Palatinate