Gaynsky District (russian: Га́йнский райо́н; koi, Гайна район, ''Gajna rajon'') is an administrative district (
raion
A raion (also spelt rayon) is a type of administrative unit of several post-Soviet states. The term is used for both a type of subnational entity and a division of a city. The word is from the French (meaning 'honeycomb, department'), and is co ...
) of
Komi-Permyak Okrug
Komi-Permyak Okrug (russian: Ко́ми-Пермя́цкий о́круг, ''Komi-Permyatsky okrug''; koi, Коми-Перем кытш, -, or PermyakiaEncyclopedia Encarta/ref> is a territory with special status within Perm Krai, Russia. Its adm ...
of
Perm Krai
Perm Krai (russian: Пе́рмский край, r=Permsky kray, p=ˈpʲɛrmskʲɪj ˈkraj, ''Permsky krai'', , ''Perem lador'') is a federal subject of Russia (a krai) that came into existence on December 1, 2005 as a result of the 2004 refe ...
,
Russia
Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a List of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia, Northern Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the ...
krai
A krai or kray (; russian: край, , ''kraya'') is one of the types of federal subjects of modern Russia, and was a type of geographical administrative division in the Russian Empire and the Russian SFSR.
Etymologically, the word is relate ...
.Law #416-67 As a municipal division, it is incorporated as Gaynsky Municipal District.Law #60 It is located in the northwest of the krai. The area of the district is .Encyclopedia of Perm Krai Entry on Gaynsky District Its
administrative center
An administrative center is a seat of regional administration or local government, or a county town, or the place where the central administration of a commune
A commune is an alternative term for an intentional community. Commune or comună or ...
is the
rural locality
In general, a rural area or a countryside is a geographic area that is located outside towns and cities. Typical rural areas have a low population density and small settlements. Agricultural areas and areas with forestry typically are describ ...
(a settlement) of Gayny. Population: The population of Gayny accounts for 29.9% of the district's total population.
Geography and climate
Major rivers flowing through the district include the
Kama
''Kama'' (Sanskrit ) means "desire, wish, longing" in Hindu, Buddhist, Jain, and Sikh literature.Monier Williamsकाम, kāmaMonier-Williams Sanskrit English Dictionary, pp 271, see 3rd column Kama often connotes sensual pleasure, sexual ...
and its
tributary
A tributary, or affluent, is a stream or river that flows into a larger stream or main stem (or parent) river or a lake. A tributary does not flow directly into a sea or ocean. Tributaries and the main stem river drain the surrounding drainage ...
the
Veslyana
The Veslyana (russian: Весляна) – is a river in Perm Krai and Komi Republic, Russia, a left tributary of the Kama, which in turn is a tributary of the Volga.
It starts in the southeastern portion of Ust-Kulomsky District of the Komi Repu ...
Timshor
The Timshor (russian: Тимшор, also: ''Timsher'') is a river in Perm Krai, Russia, a right tributary of the South Keltma. It is long, with drainage basin of .Lupya. The largest lake is
Lake Adovo
A lake is an area filled with water, localized in a basin, surrounded by land, and distinct from any river or other outlet that serves to feed or drain the lake. Lakes lie on land and are not part of the ocean, although, like the much larger ...
with an area of .
Climate is temperate continental with long and cold winters. Mid-January temperature is ; mid-July temperature is . Annual precipitation is . In the north of the district, pine forests dominate, comprising about 50% of the total forested area, while in the south spruce forests are more common.
History
The district was established on September 15, 1926.
Demographics
The
Komi-Permyak people
The Komi ( kv, комияс, ' also ', also called Komi-Zyryans or Zyryans, are an indigenous Permian ethnic group whose homeland is in the northeast of European Russia around the basins of the Vychegda, Pechora and Kama rivers. They mostl ...
are the aboriginal population. The population is concentrated along the Kama, the Veslyana, and the Chyornaya Rivers.
Ethnic composition (as of the 2002 Census):
*
Russians
, native_name_lang = ru
, image =
, caption =
, population =
, popplace =
118 million Russians in the Russian Federation (2002 ''Winkler Prins'' estimate)
, region1 =
, pop1 ...
: 56.5%
*Komi-Permyak people: 34%
*
Tatars
The Tatars ()Tatar in the Collins English Dictionary is an umbrella term for different
: 3.7%
Economy
The economy of the district is based on timber industry. There are also dairy and brick factories and a mechanical-repair plant in Gayny. Arable lands make up less than 1% of the total district's area.
Transportation
Road network is poorly developed, with the density of only about of paved roars per . Gayny is connected by roads with
Kudymkar
Kudymkar (russian: Куды́мкар; kv, Кудымкöр, ''Kudymkör''; Komi-Permyak: ), is a town and the administrative center of Komi-Permyak Okrug of Perm Krai, Russia. Until 2005, it was the administrative center of Komi-Permyak Autono ...
and
Syktyvkar
Syktyvkar (, rus, Сыктывка́р, p=sɨktɨfˈkar; kv, Сыктывкар) is the capital city of the Komi Republic in Russia, as well as its largest city. It is also the capital of the Syktyvkar Urban Okrug. Until 1930, it was known as U ...
; there are no bus station in the settlement, and the only bus stop is in its center. The Kama River plays a significant role in transportation.