Werner of Egisheim (died after 1231) was a

German German(s) may refer to: * Germany (of or related to) ** Germania (historical use) * Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language ** For citizens of Germany, see also German nationality law **Ge ...

Crusader, better known by his French name of Garnier l’Aleman (''Werner the German'').

Life

Belonging to a German noble family from

Egisheim Eguisheim (; german: Egisheim; Alsatian dialect, Alsatian: ''Egsa'') is a Communes of France, commune in the Haut-Rhin Departments of France, department in Grand Est in north-eastern France. It lies in the historical region of Alsace (german: Els ...

Alsace Alsace (, ; ; Low Alemannic German/ gsw-FR, Elsàss ; german: Elsass ; la, Alsatia) is a cultural region and a territorial collectivity in eastern France, on the west bank of the upper Rhine next to Germany and Switzerland. In 2020, it had ...

, he is first recorded in Acre in the entourage of a count Berthold, presumably

Berthold, Duke of Merania Berthold IV (c. 1159 – 12 August 1204), a member of the House of Andechs, was Margrave of Istria and Carniola (as Berthold II). By about 1180/82 he assumed the title of Duke of Merania, referring to the Adriatic seacoast of Kvarner which his ...

, who besieged Acre during the

Third Crusade The Third Crusade (1189–1192) was an attempt by three European monarchs of Western Christianity (Philip II of France, Richard I of England and Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor) to reconquer the Holy Land following the capture of Jerusalem by ...

in 1190. Berthold withdrew by spring 1191 and returned home, but Werner remained in the Holy Land. In May 1206 one Otto von Henneberg issued a certificate with "Wernerus de Egisheim" as a witness. From September 1210 Werner and Philip of Ibelin were responsible for the defence of Acre whilst the rest of the Crusader nobility attended the coronation of

Maria of Montferrat Maria of Montferrat (1192–1212) was the queen of Jerusalem from 1205 until her death. Her parents were Isabella I and her second husband, Conrad of Montferrat. Maria succeeded her mother under the regency of her half-uncle John of Ibelin. After ...

and

John of Brienne John of Brienne ( 1170 – 19–23 March 1237), also known as John I, was King of Jerusalem from 1210 to 1225 and Latin Emperor of Constantinople from 1229 to 1237. He was the youngest son of Erard II of Brienne, a wealthy nobleman in Champag ...

in Tyre. In 1218 he and troops from the

Republic of Genoa The Republic of Genoa ( lij, Repúbrica de Zêna ; it, Repubblica di Genova; la, Res Publica Ianuensis) was a medieval and early modern maritime republic from the 11th century to 1797 in Liguria on the northwestern Italian coast. During the La ...

unsuccessfully tried to defend Caesarea from an Ayyubid assault.'' L'Estoire de Eracles empereur.'' In: ''

Recueil des historiens des croisades {{italic title The ''Recueil des historiens des croisades'' (trans: ''Collection of the Historians of the Crusades'') is a major collection of several thousand medieval documents written during the Crusades. The documents were collected and publish ...

. Historiens Occidentaux.'' Band 2. Imprimerie Impériale, Paris 1859
S. 334
Liv. XXXII, Cap. V. Before Frederick II (who took the regency of the

Kingdom of Jerusalem The Kingdom of Jerusalem ( la, Regnum Hierosolymitanum; fro, Roiaume de Jherusalem), officially known as the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem or the Frankish Kingdom of Palestine,Example (title of works): was a Crusader state that was establish ...

in his son's name) ended his crusade and returned to Italy, he appointed Werner and

Balian of Sidon Balian I Grenier was the Count of Sidon and one of the most important lords of the Kingdom of Jerusalem from 1202 to 1241. He succeeded his father Renaud. His mother was Helvis, a daughter of Balian of Ibelin. He was a powerful and important re ...

his deputies or bailiffs in the Kingdom, with Werner in Acre and Balian in Tyre. Both were replaced as bailiffs in 1231 by marshal

Richard Filangieri Richard (Riccardo) Filangieri (''c''.1195–1254/63) was an Italian nobleman who played an important part in the Sixth Crusade in 1228–9 and in the War of the Lombards from 1229–43, where he was in charge of the forces of Frederi ...

. Werner married Pavia Embriaco, a daughter of

Hugh III Embriaco The Embriaco were a prominent Genoese family, who played an important role in the history of the Crusader states. It also gave consuls, admirals and ambassadors to the Republic of Genoa. The family ruled the city of Byblos (in present-day Leba ...

and Stephanie of Milly. They had three children: *

John Aleman John Aleman (died after 1264) was the Lord of Caesarea (as John II) in the Kingdom of Jerusalem, exercising this right through his wife, Margaret, from at least 1243 until his death. He was the son of Garnier l'Aleman and Pavie de Gibelet, and the ...

(died in 1264 or after), Lord of Caesarea (de

iure uxoris ''Jure uxoris'' (a Latin phrase meaning "by right of (his) wife"), citing . describes a title of nobility used by a man because his wife holds the office or title ''suo jure'' ("in her own right"). Similarly, the husband of an heiress could becom ...

), married Margarethe Brisebarre, daughter of

John of Caesarea John (died 1238–41) was the Lord of Caesarea from 1229 and an important figure in the kingdoms of Cyprus and Jerusalem. He was the only son of Walter III of Caesarea and Marguerite d'Ibelin, daughter of Balian of Ibelin. He was often called "th ...

; *

Hugo Hugo or HUGO may refer to: Arts and entertainment * ''Hugo'' (film), a 2011 film directed by Martin Scorsese * Hugo Award, a science fiction and fantasy award named after Hugo Gernsback * Hugo (franchise), a children's media franchise based on ...

(died before 26 March 1241), married Isabella von Adelon (died after 1260), daughter of

Daniel I of Adelon Daniel I of Adelon or Daniel of Termonde (born before 1204; died after 1225) was Lord of Adelon in the Kingdom of Jerusalem. Life A son of Thierry de Termonde (died 1206), constable of Constantinople, and Agnese of Gibelet-Besmedin, Lady of Adelo ...

; * Helvis, married Baldwin of Longuevaux.

Bibliography

* * Reinhold Röhricht: ''Die Deutschen im Heiligen Lande. Chronologisches Verzeichnis derjenigen Deutschen, welche als Jerusalempilger und Kreuzfahrer sicher nachzuweisen oder wahrscheinlich anzusehen sind (c. 650–1291).'' Wagner, Innsbruck 1894.

References

{{reflist

External links

Garnier l'Aleman
on fmg.ac Christians of the Third Crusade 13th-century deaths 13th-century German nobility