Garhbeta I is a

community development block In India, a Community development block (CD block) or simply Block is a sub-division of Tehsil, administratively earmarked for planning and development. The area is administered by a Block Development Officer (BDO), supported by several technic ...

that forms an administrative division in

Medinipur Sadar subdivision Medinipur Sadar subdivision is an administrative subdivision of the Paschim Medinipur district in the state of West Bengal, India. Subdivisions Paschim Medinipur district is divided into the following administrative subdivisions, after separati ...

Paschim Medinipur district Paschim Medinipur district or West Midnapore district (also known as Midnapore West) is one of the districts of the state of West Bengal, India. It was formed on 1 January 2002 after the Partition of Midnapore into Paschim Medinipur and Purba M ...

in the

India India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the so ...

state State may refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media Literature * ''State Magazine'', a monthly magazine published by the U.S. Department of State * ''The State'' (newspaper), a daily newspaper in Columbia, South Carolina, United States * ''Our S ...

West Bengal West Bengal (, Bengali: ''Poshchim Bongo'', , abbr. WB) is a state in the eastern portion of India. It is situated along the Bay of Bengal, along with a population of over 91 million inhabitants within an area of . West Bengal is the fourt ...

Geography

In Garhbeta I CD block 85% of the cultivated area has

alluvial Alluvium (from Latin ''alluvius'', from ''alluere'' 'to wash against') is loose clay, silt, sand, or gravel that has been deposited by running water in a stream bed, on a floodplain, in an alluvial fan or beach, or in similar settings. Alluv ...

soil and 15% has

lateritic Laterite is both a soil and a rock type rich in iron and aluminium and is commonly considered to have formed in hot and wet tropical areas. Nearly all laterites are of rusty-red coloration, because of high iron oxide content. They develop by ...

soil. Garbeta I CD block is drought prone. Garbeta is located at . Garhbeta I CD block is bounded by

Taldangra Taldangra is a village in the Taldangra CD block in the Khatra subdivision of the Bankura district in the state of West Bengal, India. Geography Location Taldangra is located at . Area overview The map alongside shows the Khatra subdivisi ...

, Bishnupur, Joypur and

Kotulpur Kotulpur is a village in the Kotulpur CD block in the Bishnupur subdivision of the Bankura district in the state of West Bengal, India. Etymology Kotlu Khan of Gar Mandaran, then capital of the local kingdom, was killed in a war, in the Mughal ...

CD blocks in Bankura district in the north,

Goghat II Goghat II is a community development block that forms an administrative division in Arambag subdivision of Hooghly district in the Indian state of West Bengal. Overview The Goghat II CD Block is part of the western uplands, which is an extension ...

CD block in Hooghly district and

Chandrakona I Chandrakona I is a community development block that forms an administrative division in Ghatal subdivision of Paschim Medinipur district in the Indian state of West Bengal. Geography In Chandrakona I CD block is a flat deltaic country intersected ...

and

Chandrakona II Chandrakona II is a community development block that forms an administrative division in Ghatal subdivision of Paschim Medinipur district in the Indian state of West Bengal. Geography In Chandrakona II CD block is a flat deltaic country intersec ...

CD blocks in the east,

Garhbeta III Garhbeta III is a community development block that forms an administrative division in Medinipur Sadar subdivision of Paschim Medinipur district in the Indian state of West Bengal. Geography In Garhbeta III CD block 95% of the cultivated area ha ...

CD block in the south and

Garhbeta II Garhbeta II is a community development block that forms an administrative division in Medinipur Sadar subdivision of Paschim Medinipur district in the Indian state of West Bengal. History Red corridor 106 districts spanning 10 states across Indi ...

CD block in the west. It is located 58 km from

Midnapore Medinipur or Midnapore (Pron: med̪iːniːpur) is a city known for its history in the Indian state of West Bengal. It is the headquarters of the West Medinipur district. It is situated on the banks of the Kangsabati River (variously known as '' ...

, the district headquarters. Garhbeta I CD block has an area of . It has 1 panchayat samity, 12

gram panchayat Gram Panchayat () is a basic village-governing institute in Indian villages. It is a democratic structure at the grass-roots level in India. It is a political institute, acting as cabinet of the village. The Gram Sabha work as the general bod ...

s, 162 gram sansads (village councils), 371

mouza In Bangladesh, Pakistan and parts of India a mouza or mauza (also mouja) is a type of administrative district, corresponding to a specific land area within which there may be one or more settlements. Before the 20th century, the term referred to a ...

s and 306 inhabited villages.

Garhbeta Garbeta is a census town in the Garhbeta I CD block in the Medinipur Sadar subdivision of the Paschim Medinipur district in the state of West Bengal, India. It is on the bank of the Shilabati. ''Gar'' in Bengali means a nullah. The boundary of ...

and

Goaltore Goaltore, also spelled Goaltor, is a village in the Garhbeta II CD block in the Medinipur Sadar subdivision of the Paschim Medinipur district in West Bengal, India. Geography Location Goaltore is located at . Area overview There are large f ...

police stations serve this block. The headquarters of this CD block is at

Garbeta Garbeta is a census town in the Garhbeta I CD block in the Medinipur Sadar subdivision of the Paschim Medinipur district in the state of West Bengal, India. It is on the bank of the Shilabati. ''Gar'' in Bengali means a nullah. The boundary o ...

. Garhbeta I CD block had a forest cover of 7,460 hectares, against a total geographical area of 36,117 hectares in 2005-06. Gongoni Danga, a

canyon A canyon (from ; archaic British English spelling: ''cañon''), or gorge, is a deep cleft between escarpments or cliffs resulting from weathering and the erosion, erosive activity of a river over geologic time scales. Rivers have a natural tenden ...

-like formation on the banks of the

Shilabati River The Shilabati River (also known as Shilai) originates near Chak Gopalpur village of Hura block in the Purulia district of the Indian state of West Bengal. It flows in an almost southeasterly direction through the districts of Bankura and Paschim ...

is rich in scenic beauty, mythology and history.

Gram panchayat Gram Panchayat () is a basic village-governing institute in Indian villages. It is a democratic structure at the grass-roots level in India. It is a political institute, acting as cabinet of the village. The Gram Sabha work as the general bod ...

s of Garhbeta I block/ panchayat samiti are: Agra, Amkopa, Amlagora, Baramura, Benachapra, Dhadika, Garanga, Garhbeta, Kadrauttarbil, Kharkusma, Sandhipur and Shyamnagar.

Demographics

Population

According to the

2011 Census of India The 2011 Census of India or the 15th Indian Census was conducted in two phases, house listing and population enumeration. The House listing phase began on 1 April 2010 and involved the collection of information about all buildings. Information ...

, Garhbeta I CD block had a total population of 228,513, of which 218,239 were rural and 10,274 were urban. There were 116.620 (51%) males and 111,893 (49%) females. Population in the age-range 0–6 years was 28,076.

Scheduled Castes The Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Scheduled Tribes (STs) are officially designated groups of people and among the most disadvantaged socio-economic groups in India. The terms are recognized in the Constitution of India and the groups are designa ...

numbered 55,133 (24.13%) and

Scheduled Tribes The Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Scheduled Tribes (STs) are officially designated groups of people and among the most disadvantaged socio-economic groups in India. The terms are recognized in the Constitution of India and the groups are designa ...

numbered 18,134 (7.93%). As per the 2001 census, Garhbeta I block had a total population of 200,393, out of which 102,687 were males and 97,706 were females. Garhbeta I block registered a population growth of 18.59 per cent during the 1991-2001 decade. Decadal growth for the combined Midnapore district was 14.87 per cent. Decadal growth in West Bengal was 17.84 per cent.

Census Town In India and some other countries, a census town is designated as a town that satisfies certain characteristics. India In India, a census town is one which is not statutorily notified and administered as a town, but nevertheless whose population ...

s in Garhbeta I CD block are (2011 census figures in brackets):

(5,109) and

Amlagora Amlagora is a census town in the Garhbeta I CD block in the Medinipur Sadar subdivision of the Paschim Medinipur district in the state of West Bengal, India. Geography Location Amlagora is located at . Area overview Paschim Medinipur dist ...

(5,165). Large villages (with 4,000+ population) in Garhbeta I CD block are (2011 census figures in brackets): Khar Kusum (5,428) and Lapuria (4,787). Other villages in Garhbeta I CD block include (2011census figures in brackets): Bera Chapra (2,079), Agra (1,042), Dhadhika (2,566), Shyamnagar (1,565), Garanga (1,179) and Amkopa (396).

Literacy

According to the 2011 census, the total number of literate people in Garhbeta I CD block was 144,728 (72.21% of the population over 6 years) out of which males numbered 80,544 (78.80% of the male population over 6 years) and females numbered 64,184 (65.41% of the female population over 6 years).The gender gap in literacy rates was 13.39%. See also –

List of West Bengal districts ranked by literacy rate This is a list of districts in the Indian state of West Bengal ranked by literacy rate as per provisional data of 2011 census. With a literacy rate of 96.26% (male 90.69% and female 96.54%), above the national average of 90.04%, as per the 2011 Ce ...

Languages and religion

According to the ''District Census Handbook, Paschim Medinipur, 2011 census,'' as of 2001, Bengali was the mother-tongue of 90.5% of the population of Paschim Medinipur district, followed by Santali (4.6%),

Hindi Hindi (Devanāgarī: or , ), or more precisely Modern Standard Hindi (Devanagari: ), is an Indo-Aryan language spoken chiefly in the Hindi Belt region encompassing parts of northern, central, eastern, and western India. Hindi has been de ...

(1.4%), Kurmali Thar (0.7%),

Urdu Urdu (;"Urdu"
''

Telugu Telugu may refer to: * Telugu language, a major Dravidian language of India *Telugu people, an ethno-linguistic group of India * Telugu script, used to write the Telugu language ** Telugu (Unicode block), a block of Telugu characters in Unicode S ...

(0.6%),

Odia Odia, also spelled Oriya or Odiya, may refer to: * Odia people in Odisha, India * Odia language, an Indian language, belonging to the Indo-Aryan branch of the Indo-European language family * Odia alphabet, a writing system used for the Odia languag ...

(0.4%), Mundari (0.2%), Koda/ Kora (0.1%), Munda (0.1%) and Nepali (0.1%). There were people, forming lesser proportion of population, having other languages as mother-tongue. People with other mother-tongues formed 0.7% of the population. There is a tribal presence in many of the CD blocks of the district. Santali is spoken by 55.93% of the tribal population of the district. The

Bhumij Bhumij may refer to: *Bhumij people, tribal ethnic group of India * Bhumij language, the language of Bhumij people *Bhumija Bhumija is a variety of north Indian temple architecture marked by how the rotating square-circle principle is applied to ...

, forming 11.16% of the tribal population, and the

Mundas The Munda people are an Austroasiatic speaking ethnic group of India. They predominantly speak the Mundari language as their native language, which belongs to the Munda subgroup of Austroasiatic languages. The Munda are found mainly concentra ...

, forming 6.10% of the tribal population, speak Mundari. Other small groups include Koras and Mahalis. The Lodhas, forming 3.85% of the tribal population, the only primitive tribe in the district, speak Lodhi. According to the West Bengal Official Language Act 1961 and the West Bengal Official Language (Amendment Act) 2012, the Bengali language is to be used for official purposes in the whole of West Bengal. In addition to Bengali, the Nepali language is to be used for official purposes in the three hills subdivisions, namely Darjeeling, Kalimpong and Kurseong, in the district of Darjeeling, and Urdu is to be used for official purposes in district/subdivision/ block/ municipality where the population speaking Urdu exceeds 10% of the total population. The English language will continue to be used for official purposes as it was being used prior to the enactment of these laws. The West Bengal Official Language (Second Amendment) Bill, 2012, included Hindi, Santhali, Odiya and Punjabi as official languages if it is spoken by a population exceeding 10 per cent of the whole in a particular block or sub-division or a district. Subsequently, Kamtapuri, Rajbanshi and Kurmali were also included in the list of minority languages by the West Bengal Official Language (Second Amendment) Bill, 2018. However, as of 2020, there is no official / other reliable information about the areas covered. Census 2011 provides language data only at the district and above level. In the 2011 census Hindus numbered 171,514 and formed 75.05% of the population in Garhbeta I CD block. Muslims numbered 50,743 and formed 22.21% of the population. Others numbered 6,256 and formed 2.74% of the population. Others include Addi Bassi, Marang Boro, Santal, Saranath, Sari Dharma, Sarna, Alchchi, Bidin, Sant, Saevdharm, Seran, Saran, Sarin, Kheria,. Christians and other religious communities.

BPL families

In Garhbeta I CD block 36.17% families were living

below poverty line Below Poverty Line is a benchmark used by the government of India to indicate economic disadvantage and to identify individuals and households in need of government assistance and aid. It is determined using various parameters which vary from s ...

in 2007. According to the District

Human Development Report The Human Development Report (HDR) is an annual Human Development Index report published by the Human Development Report Office of the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). The first HDR was launched in 1990 by the Pakistani economist ...

of Paschim Medinipur: The 29 CD blocks of the district were classified into four categories based on the poverty ratio. Nayagram, Binpur II and Jamboni CD blocks have very high poverty levels (above 60%). Kharagpur I, Kharagpur II, Sankrail, Garhbeta II, Pingla and Mohanpur CD blocks have high levels of poverty (50-60%), Jhargram, Midnapore Sadar, Dantan I, Gopiballavpur II, Binpur I, Dantan II, Keshiari, Chandrakona I, Gopiballavpur I, Chandrakona II, Narayangarh, Keshpur, Ghatal, Sabang, Garhbeta I, Salboni, Debra and Garhbeta III CD blocks have moderate levels of poverty (25-50%) and Daspur II and Daspur I CD blocks have low levels of poverty (below 25%).

Economy

Infrastructure

303 or 82% of mouzas in Garhbeta I CD block were electrified by 31 March 2014. 308 mouzas in Garhbeta I CD block had drinking water facilities in 2013-14. There were 304 fertiliser depots, 485 seed stores and 53 fair price shops in the CD block.

Agriculture

Although the Bargadari Act of 1950 recognised the rights of

bargadar Sharecropping is a legal arrangement with regard to agricultural land in which a landowner allows a tenant to use the land in return for a share of the crops produced on that land. Sharecropping has a long history and there are a wide range ...

s to a higher share of crops from the land that they tilled, it was not implemented fully. Large tracts, beyond the prescribed limit of land ceiling, remained with the rich landlords. From 1977 onwards major land reforms took place in West Bengal. Land in excess of land ceiling was acquired and distributed amongst the peasants. Following

land reforms Land reform is a form of agrarian reform involving the changing of laws, regulations, or customs regarding land ownership. Land reform may consist of a government-initiated or government-backed property redistribution, generally of agricultural ...

land ownership pattern has undergone transformation. In 2013-14, persons engaged in agriculture in Garhbeta I CD block could be classified as follows:

s 5.42%, patta (document) holders 28.40%, small farmers (possessing land between 1 and 2 hectares) 4.51%, marginal farmers (possessing land up to 1 hectare) 21.27% and agricultural labourers 40.39%. In 2005-06 the nett cropped area in Garhbeta I CD block was 18,452 hectares and the area in which more than one crop was grown was 17,826 hectares. The extension of irrigation has played a role in growth of the predominantly agricultural economy. In 2013-14, the total area irrigated in Garhbeta I CD block was 18,960 hectares, out of which 800 hectares were irrigated by canal water, 510 hectares by tank water, 6,615 hectares by deep tubewells, 9,655 hectares by shallow tube wells, 340 hectares by river lift irrigation, 380 hectares by open dug wells and 660 hectares by other methods. In 2013-14, Garhbeta I CD block produced 34,153 tonnes of Aman paddy, the main winter crop, from 19,350 hectares, 5,126 tonnes of Aus paddy (summer crop) from 2,443 hectares, 1,556 tonnes of Boro paddy (spring crop) from 522 hectares, 86 tonnes of wheat from 40 hectares and 72,472 tonnes of potatoes from 5,789 hectares. It also produced pulses and oilseeds.

Banking

In 2013-14, Garhbeta I CD block had offices of 11 commercial banks and 1

gramin bank Regional Rural Banks (RRBs) are government owned scheduled commercial banks of India that operate at regional level in different states of India. These banks are under the ownership of Ministry of Finance , Government of India. They were creat ...

Transport

Garhbeta I CD block has 9 ferry services and 18 originating/ terminating bus routes. The Kharagpur-Adra line of South Eastern Railway passes through this CD block and there are two stations at

& Bogri Road.

NH 14 National Highway 162 (NH 162) is a National Highway in India. It is a spur road of National Highway 62. NH-162 traverses the state of Rajasthan in India. NH162 route was extended from Pali to Bhatewar. Route Bar,Sojat City, Pali, Marwad, ...

, (old numbering

NH 60 National Highway 60 or NH 60 is a National Highway of India that runs from the junction with NH 5 at Balasore to junction with NH 34 at Morgram. It passes through Jaleswar, Dantan, Belda, Narayangarh, Kharagpur, Medinipur, Salboni, Chandr ...

), running from Morgram (in Murshidabad district) to Kharagpur (in Paschim Medinipur district), passes through this CD block.

Education

In 2013-14, Garhbeta I CD block had 180 primary schools with 14,190 students, 22 middle schools with 2,184 students, 7 high schools with 6,728 students and 15 higher secondary schools with 17,955 students. Garhbeta I CD block had 1 general college with 1,925 students and 435 institutions for special and non-formal education with 17,780 students. The

United Nations Development Programme The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)french: Programme des Nations unies pour le développement, PNUD is a United Nations agency tasked with helping countries eliminate poverty and achieve sustainable economic growth and human dev ...

considers the combined primary and secondary enrolment ratio as the simple indicator of educational achievement of the children in the school going age. The infrastructure available is important. In Garhbeta I CD block out of the total 177 primary schools in 2008-2009, 102 had pucca buildings, 10 partially pucca, 3 kacha and 62 multiple type.

Garhbeta College Garhbeta College is a co-educational college situated in Garhbeta, Paschim Medinipur, West Bengal. It was established in the year 1948 and offers undergraduate education. The college is affiliated to Vidyasagar University. History Garhbet ...

was established at

in 1948 and is affiliated to

Vidyasagar University Vidyasagar University was established by an Act of the West Bengal legislature which was notified in the ''Calcutta Gazette'' on 24 June 1981. It is an affiliating university in Paschim Medinipur district of southern West Bengal, India. It o ...

. It offers honours in English, Bengali, history, philosophy, geography, physics, chemistry, mathematics, botany and zoology.

Healthcare

In 2014, Garhbeta I CD block had 1 rural hospital, 3 primary health centres, and 1 private nursing home with total 85 beds and 7 doctors. It had 37 family welfare sub centres and 1 family welfare centre. 9,424 patients were treated indoor and 138,809 patients were treated outdoor in the hospitals, health centres and subcentres of the CD block. Garbeta Rural Hospital, with 60 beds at

is the major government facility in the Garhbeta I CD block. There are primary health centres at Sandhipur (with 10 beds), Parbatipur (PO Kharkusma)(with 6 beds) and Nohari (with 4 beds).

References

{{Paschim Medinipur topics Community development blocks in Paschim Medinipur district