''Gangara lebadea'', the banded redeye, is a

species In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate s ...

of hesperid

butterfly Butterflies are insects in the macrolepidopteran clade Rhopalocera from the Order (biology), order Lepidoptera, which also includes moths. Adult butterflies have large, often brightly coloured wings, and conspicuous, fluttering flight. The ...

found in

Southeast Asia Southeast Asia, also spelled South East Asia and South-East Asia, and also known as Southeastern Asia, South-eastern Asia or SEA, is the geographical United Nations geoscheme for Asia#South-eastern Asia, south-eastern region of Asia, consistin ...

Description

Male Male (symbol: ♂) is the sex of an organism that produces the gamete (sex cell) known as sperm, which fuses with the larger female gamete, or ovum, in the process of fertilization. A male organism cannot reproduce sexually without access to ...

Wing A wing is a type of fin that produces lift while moving through air or some other fluid. Accordingly, wings have streamlined cross-sections that are subject to aerodynamic forces and act as airfoils. A wing's aerodynamic efficiency is expres ...

s above dark fuliginous brown ; anterior wings with a

large Large means of great size. Large may also refer to: Mathematics * Arbitrarily large, a phrase in mathematics * Large cardinal, a property of certain transfinite numbers * Large category, a category with a proper class of objects and morphisms (or ...

discal patch of dark fuscous silky

hair Hair is a protein filament that grows from follicles found in the dermis. Hair is one of the defining characteristics of mammals. The human body, apart from areas of glabrous skin, is covered in follicles which produce thick terminal and f ...

s ; posterior wings with the fringe pale ochraceous, and with two pale raised discal elongate glandular pouches situated on the second and third median veins. Wings beneath paler than above ; anterior wings with the disc darkest, the inner area palest, and with a long tuft of coarse pale ochraceous hairs on the submedian nervure ; posterior wings with a transverse discal pale ochraceous fascia. Body and legs more or less concolorous with wings. Antennae blackish, their hooked apices ochraceous."Watson, E. Y. (1891) Hesperiidae Indicae: Descriptions of the Hesperiidae of India, Burma and Ceylon. Vest and Co. Madras. nder ''Paduka lebadea''/ref> The following is the description of the local race ''andamanica''. "Male. Wings above dark brown of a slightly greenish tinge, all without spots. Anterior wings bearing a huge and dense pear-shaped sericeous patch of setae glossed with greyish-greenish and extending nearly from the bottom of the angle formed at the base of the organ by the subcostal and submedian veins about to the level of the end of the fourth fifth of the length of the latter vein, with all the setae directed backwards and slightly outwards ; with the costal margin purplish ; the outer portion beyond the setulose patch bronzy ; and the cilia pale luteous. Posterior wings purple-glossed, with two subparallel raised discal longitudinal lines of modified scales attached to the apparently thickened bases of the first and second median veinlets, and with the cilia pale orange. Anterior wings below bronzy-brown with a patch of brilliant amethyst purple sparsely irrorated with white scales and extending from the end of the cell nearly to the apex of each organ, and with the basal portion of the wing-membrane behind the median vein and its first branch whitey-brown passing to ashy posteriorly, and with a tuft of brown-tipped yellow setae arranged longitudinally upon and on each side of the basal half of the submedian vein. Posterior wings below purple-glossed, darkest over the scent-glands, with an interrupted transverse discal band of white scales from near the abdominal margin to the middle of the organs, where it diffuses itself widely over a diffused patch of amethyst-purple. Female. All the wings above and below paler and duller and glossed with purple, the anterior ones spotted. Anterior wings suffused with purple on the disc, which bears three semi-transparent yellow lustrous spots of the same size, relative proportions, and shape as in ''C.

nkana Nkana is a section of the city of Kitwe, Copperbelt Province, Zambia which started off in the early part of the 20th century as a railway station to support the growing complex of copper mining operations. It was named after Chief Nkana, the loc ...

attina'', Hewitson, with a fourth smaller and elongate yellow opaque spot placed just in front of the submedian vein rather beyond the middle of the organs. Eyes blood-red. Antennae purplish brown with the club bright luteous below. "The patch of setae on the upperside of the anterior wings, the yellow tuft (which probably serves as a scent-fan) on the underside of the same wings, and the lines of modified scales (which probably cover the scent glands as they seem soiled as if by some exuding fluid) on the upperside of the posterior wings are structures peculiar to the male sex." (Wood-Mason and de Niceville, I. c.) "''G. lebadea'', var. ''andamanica'' differs from ''G. lebadea'', Hewitson, described from Borneo, in the male being larger, the cilia of the forewing pale yellow instead of white ; and in the presence on the underside of the forewing of a prominent oblique powdery patch of violet scales extending from the end of the discoidal cell to the apex of the wing." (de Niceville.) Wing expanse 55 mm.

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q5521062 Hesperiinae Butterflies of Asia Butterflies of Indochina