The Gallipolli Star is a military decoration awarded by the
Ottoman Empire. It was known as the Ottoman War Medal ( tr, Harp Madalyası) or the Iron Crescent (from German ''Eiserner Halbmond'', in allusion to the
Iron Cross). It was instituted by Sultan
Mehmed V on
1 March
Events Pre-1600
*509 BC – Publius Valerius Publicola celebrates the first triumph of the Roman Republic after his victory over the deposed king Lucius Tarquinius Superbus at the Battle of Silva Arsia.
* 293 – Emperor Diocletian and ...
1915
Events
Below, the events of World War I have the "WWI" prefix.
January
* January – British physicist Sir Joseph Larmor publishes his observations on "The Influence of Local Atmospheric Cooling on Astronomical Refraction".
*January 1 ...
for
gallantry in battle. This decoration was awarded for the duration of
World War I to Ottoman and other
Central Powers troops, primarily in
Ottoman areas of engagement.
Design and composition
The award includes a badge, ribbon and
campaign bar
A medal bar or medal clasp is a thin metal bar attached to the ribbon of a military decoration, civil decoration, or other medal. It most commonly indicates the campaign or operation the recipient received the award for, and multiple bars on th ...
.
The medal, made of
nickel-plated brass, has a vaulted star-shaped badge, 56 mm across the diagonal span of the arms. The tips of the star are capped by ball finials and enclosed in a raised silver edge with the field in red
lacquer
Lacquer is a type of hard and usually shiny coating or finish applied to materials such as wood or metal. It is most often made from resin extracted from trees and waxes and has been in use since antiquity.
Asian lacquerware, which may be ca ...
or
enamel. A raised
crescent, open at the top, encircles the center of the badge. Inside the crescent is the
Tughra or cipher of the decoration's creator,
Sultan Mehmed V Reşâd, over the date 1333
AH (AD 1915). The reverse is flat, unadorned and has a straight pin.
Along with the badge came a ribbon with red and white stripes. The dimensions of the ribbon for combatants are: red 2.5 mm; white, 5 mm.; red, 29 mm.; white, 5 mm.; red 2.5 mm. For non-combatant awardees, the colors are reversed.
The campaign bar is a right-pointing parabola of white at 56mm in length and 7mm in height. In the field is red
Arabic script
The Arabic script is the writing system used for Arabic and several other languages of Asia and Africa. It is the second-most widely used writing system in the world by number of countries using it or a script directly derived from it, and the ...
denoting the specific campaign:
*
Chanakkale/Chanak (Gallipoli)
*
Gaza
Gaza may refer to:
Places Palestine
* Gaza Strip, a Palestinian territory on the eastern coast of the Mediterranean Sea
** Gaza City, a city in the Gaza Strip
** Gaza Governorate, a governorate in the Gaza Strip Lebanon
* Ghazzeh, a village in ...
*
Kanal
Kanal may refer to:
* Kanal (unit), a unit of area equivalent to one-eighth of an acre, used in northern India and Pakistan
* ''Kanał'', a 1956 Polish film directed by Andrzej Wajda
* ''Kanal'' (1979 film), a 1979 Turkish film
* ''Kanal'' (2015 ...
*
Kut-al-Amara
*
Sanatorium
Wear
When in formal dress, the badge was worn at the center, below the right breast pocket. Wear of the badge was exclusive; in everyday wear was substituted by the ribbon. The ribbon was worn from the second hole in the tunic button.
For Austrian and German awardees (usually members of the
Asienkorps), the award took lower precedence to their own
Iron Cross 2nd class, and the ribbon of the Iron Crescent was placed beneath that of the Iron Cross.
The ribbon could also be fashioned into a chest riband for placement on a ribbon bar when in undress.
The campaign bar was usually not worn.
Gallery
Image:Gallipoli-star.jpg, Gallipoli Star badge with ribbon
Image:Gallipoli-star-ribband.jpg, Gallipoli Star riband
Image:Gallipoli-star-turkish.jpg, Gallipoli Star – Turkish manufacture
Image:Gallipoli-star-BBen Co..jpg, Gallipoli Star badge – B.B. & Co.
Image:Gallipoli-star-german Godet.jpg, Gallipoli Star badge – Godet
Image:Gallipoli-star-jhwerner.jpg, Gallipoli Star badge – J.H. Werner
References
*Klietmann, Dr. Kurt-Gerhard, (1971): ''Deutsche Auszeichnungen: Ein Geschichte der Ehrenzeichen und Medaillen, Erinnerungs- und Verdienstabzeichen des Deutschen Reiches, der deutschen Staaten sowie staatlicher Dienststellen, Organisationen, Verbande usw. Vom 18. - 20. Jahrhundert. 2 Band. Deutsches Reich 1871- 1945''. Berlin: Ordenssammlung.
*ERMAN, M.Demir, (2012) Harp Madalyası - The Turkish War Medal - {{ISBN, 978-605-125-484-5 - http://demirerman.wix.com/turkish-war-medal
Military awards and decorations of the Ottoman Empire
Military awards and decorations of World War I
Awards established in 1915