Galerucella Nipponensis

''Galerucella'' is a genus of leaf beetles in the family Chrysomelidae described by George Robert Crotch in 1873. It is widely distributed but absent in the Neotropics. Some species feed on waterlilies and are used as biocontrol of introduced, invasive waterlilies. '' Galerucella tenella'' feed on strawberry plants.

Adults are 3.5-4.2 mm long, yellowish brown, metathorax and abdomen black; elytra evenly convex. The eggs measure 0.5-0.6 mm, globose, reddish yellow. Larvae 5–6 mm long, yellowish brown with rows of dark transverse bands and warts with setae; legs and head are black. Pupae 3.5–4 mm, black.

The immature beetles hibernate under plant remains. In the spring, in the second half of April, at a temperature of 13-14 °C, the beetles leave the wintering grounds and in addition feed: they skeletonize the leaves and gnaw through the sinuous holes. Less often damage the petioles of leaves, inflorescences and flowers. During the extension of the buds, the females lay 1 or 2 eggs each day in the gnawed holes on the underside of the leaves. The period of egg laying is stretched, up to 30 to 45 days. Fertility - 150-200 eggs. Embryonic development lasts from 12 to 20 days. Larvae live 25 to 30 days, skeletonize the leaves. After completing its development, they pass to the surface layer of the soil near the plants and pupate. Beetles that come out after 8 to 12 days, eat leaves for a while, after which they pass to wintering. One generation per year develops.

Species

''Galerucella'' contains the following species, divided into two subgenera ''Galerucella'' and '' Neogalerucella'' (the latter of which is sometimes considered a separate genus):

Subgenus ''Galerucella'' Crotch, 1873

* '' Galerucella aludela''
* '' Galerucella amboinensis''
* '' Galerucella angulosa''
* '' Galerucella aquatica''
* '' Galerucella aurata''
* '' Galerucella bataviensis''
* '' Galerucella birmanica''
* '' Galerucella chujoi''
* '' Galerucella consentanea''
* '' Galerucella grisescens''
* '' Galerucella nipponensis''
* ''Galerucella nymphaeae'' – waterlily leaf beetle
* '' Galerucella ohkurai''
* '' Galerucella ozeana''
* '' Galerucella picea'' - (Ypresian, Allenby Formation, Canada)
* '' Galerucella placida''
* '' Galerucella sagittariae''

Subgenus ''Neogalerucella'' Chûjô, 1962:

* '' Galerucella anserina''
* '' Galerucella calmariensis'' – loosestrife leaf beetle
* '' Galerucella fossata''
* ''Galerucella lineola''
* '' Galerucella medvedevi''
* '' Galerucella pusilla'' – golden loosestrife beetle
* '' Galerucella quebecensis''
* '' Galerucella semenowi''
* '' Galerucella stefanssoni''
* '' Galerucella tenella'' – strawberry leaf beetle

References

BioLibFauna Europaea

Galerucinae
Chrysomelidae genera
Taxa named by George Robert Crotch

{{Galerucinae-stub