Gabriela Shalev ( he, גבריאלה שלו, born August 19, 1941) is an Israeli jurist. She was Israeli ambassador to the United Nations.
Early life
Shalev was born in Tel Aviv in 1941. Her mother's parents were murdered in
Auschwitz
Auschwitz concentration camp ( (); also or ) was a complex of over 40 concentration and extermination camps operated by Nazi Germany in occupied Poland (in a portion annexed into Germany in 1939) during World War II and the Holocaust. It con ...
, and her father's parents had to leave a comfortable life in Berlin and immigrate to the Yishuv.
In 1959 she entered the
Israel Defense Forces
The Israel Defense Forces (IDF; he, צְבָא הַהֲגָנָה לְיִשְׂרָאֵל , ), alternatively referred to by the Hebrew-language acronym (), is the national military of the Israel, State of Israel. It consists of three servic ...
, and she was honorably discharged in 1961 as a lieutenant. In 1966, she received an LL.B. (''summa cum laude'') from the
Hebrew University of Jerusalem
The Hebrew University of Jerusalem (HUJI; he, הַאוּנִיבֶרְסִיטָה הַעִבְרִית בִּירוּשָׁלַיִם) is a public research university based in Jerusalem, Israel. Co-founded by Albert Einstein and Dr. Chaim Weiz ...
. As a student, she helped support her family. She received an LL.M. (''summa cum laude'') in 1969, and Doctor Jur. (''summa cum laude'') in 1973, all from the Hebrew University. Her mentor was Gad Tadeschi.
Her husband, Shaul Shalev, was killed near the
Suez Canal
The Suez Canal ( arz, قَنَاةُ ٱلسُّوَيْسِ, ') is an artificial sea-level waterway in Egypt, connecting the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea through the Isthmus of Suez and dividing Africa and Asia. The long canal is a popular ...
in the 1973 Yom Kippur War, and she raised her two children alone. She was a visiting scholar (post-doctoral research) at
Harvard Law School
Harvard Law School (Harvard Law or HLS) is the law school of Harvard University, a private research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Founded in 1817, it is the oldest continuously operating law school in the United States.
Each class ...
from 1975 to 1976.
Shalev worked as a clerk at the
Supreme Court of Israel
The Supreme Court (, ''Beit HaMishpat HaElyon''; ar, المحكمة العليا) is the Supreme court, highest court in Israel. It has ultimate appellate jurisdiction over all other courts, and in some cases original jurisdiction.
The Supreme C ...
from 1964 to 1966, and at the legal department of the Jewish Agency in 1967. She was admitted to the Israeli Bar in 1968. She was Chief Legal Editor of the Judgments of the
Supreme Court of Israel
The Supreme Court (, ''Beit HaMishpat HaElyon''; ar, المحكمة العليا) is the Supreme court, highest court in Israel. It has ultimate appellate jurisdiction over all other courts, and in some cases original jurisdiction.
The Supreme C ...
from 1968 to 1980 (and again in 1998), and Chief Legal Advisor for the reform in national health services in 1991. She was Legal advisor, arbitrator, and expert, in Israel and abroad, on litigation matters concerning national and international transactions.
Academic career
Shalev became a teacher and member of the Hebrew University Faculty of Law in 1964. She became a full professor of contract law at the Hebrew University in 1986.
She was a visiting professor at
Temple Law School
The Temple University James E. Beasley School of Law is the law school of Temple University in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It was founded in 1895 and enrolls about 530 students.
Student body
Admission for fall 2019 entering class was highly com ...
, Philadelphia, in 1975,
Boston College School of Law
Boston College Law School (BC Law) is the law school of Boston College. It is situated on a wooded campus in Newton, Massachusetts, about 1.5 miles from the university's main campus in Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts.
With approximately 800 studen ...
Leuven University
KU Leuven (or Katholieke Universiteit Leuven) is a Catholic research university in the city of Leuven, Belgium. It conducts teaching, research, and services in computer science, engineering, natural sciences, theology, humanities, medicine, l ...
in 1996, and University of Fribourg in 1998.
Shalev was director of the Harry Sacher Institute for Legislative Research and Comparative Law at the Hebrew University Faculty of Law from 1981 to 1984, and a member of the Standard Contracts Tribunal, starting 1983. She was a member of the Codification in Civil Law Committee from 1984 to 2006, and a legal editor of the '' Hebrew Encyclopedias new edition in 1984. She was an advisor on the status of women at the Hebrew University from 1988 to 1990, and became a member of the Committee for Legal Terminology at the
Academy of the Hebrew Language
The Academy of the Hebrew Language ( he, הָאָקָדֶמְיָה לַלָּשׁוֹן הָעִבְרִית, ''ha-akademyah la-lashon ha-ivrit'') was established by the Israeli government in 1953 as the "supreme institution for scholarship on t ...
in Israel in 1990. She was chairperson of the academic nomination committee of the Hebrew University from 1991 to 1994, and appointed chairperson of the Fund for Promotion of Law at the
Israeli Ministry of Justice
The Justice Ministry ( he, מִשְׂרָד הַמִשְׁפָּטִים, ''Misrad HaMishpatim''; ar, وزارة العدل) is the Israeli government ministry that oversees the Israeli judicial system. Since 13 June 2021, Israel's Minister of Ju ...
from 1991 to 2000. She was a member of A Statutory Committee for recognition of law schools from 1991 to 1995.
Shalev was an academic advisor of the College of Insurance from 1993 to 1998, and chairperson of the Israeli Academic Committee at the University of Manchester from 1995 to 2002. She was a member of the Academic Committee at the Open University from 2001 to 2004. She became the Academic President (Rector) of the Ono Academic College in 2002.
Shalev is regarded as a leading expert in Israel in the fields of contract law and procurement contracts, for which she has provided legal advice and crafted legal opinions, both domestically and abroad. She has written nine books and more than 100 articles in Hebrew and in English, mostly within contract law. Her publications include: ''Law of Contract'' (2nd ed., 1995, Hebrew), a treatise on Israeli Contract Law; ''Contract Law, Israel'', a monograph forming part of the ''International Encyclopedia of Law'' (Kluwer, 1995); ''The Law of Government Procurement'' (1999, Hebrew), ''Public Procurement Contracts in Israel'' (1997), ''Public Procurement Law Review 185''. Her books are used in law schools and law offices in Israel. Her most recent books are ''Contract Law – General Part, Towards Codification of the Civil Law'' (2005), which is an updated version of her previous works, and ''Contract Law — Remedies for Breach'' (2009).
She won the Sussman's Prize in Law in 1989, became The first incumbent of the Hebrew University's Lawrence D. Biele Chair in Contract Law in 1990, and won the Zeltner's Prize in Law in 1991. She won the Israel Bar Association prize in 2003.
Bank Hapoalim
Bank Hapoalim ( he, בנק הפועלים lit. ''The Workers' Bank'') is one of Israel's largest banks.
History
The bank was established in 1921 by the ''Histadrut'', the Israeli trade union congress (lit. "General Federation of Laborers in the ...
(where she served as chair of the audit committee) from 1990 to 1996
* Van Leer Jerusalem Institute as trustee since 1995
*
Israel Electric Company
Israel Electric Corporation ( he, חברת החשמל לישראל, abbreviation: IEC) is the largest supplier of electrical power in Israel and the Palestinian territories. The IEC builds, maintains, and operates power generation stations, s ...
Israel Fund for Peace
Israel (; he, יִשְׂרָאֵל, ; ar, إِسْرَائِيل, ), officially the State of Israel ( he, מְדִינַת יִשְׂרָאֵל, label=none, translit=Medīnat Yīsrāʾēl; ), is a country in Western Asia. It is situated ...
Shimon Peres
Shimon Peres (; he, שמעון פרס ; born Szymon Perski; 2 August 1923 – 28 September 2016) was an Israeli politician who served as the eighth prime minister of Israel from 1984 to 1986 and from 1995 to 1996 and as the ninth president of ...
) from 1996 to 2004 (chairing the audit committee)
*
First International Bank of Israel
The First International Bank of Israel ( he, הבנק הבינלאומי, translit=HaBank HaBeinleumi) is an Israel-based bank. Its commercial base consists primarily of large corporate clients as well as end-market consumers.
(FIBI) Holdings from 1998 to 2002
* Koor Industries in 1999
*Yad Yitzhak Ben Zvi (chairing the public committee) since 2000
*
Osem Investments
Osem Investments Ltd. ( he, אֹסֶם השקעות בע"מ) is one of the largest food manufacturers and distributors in Israel. The group is owned (100%) by Nestlé S.A. of Switzerland.
Before it was acquired by Nestlé, the company was publi ...
Ehud Olmert
Ehud Olmert (; he, אֶהוּד אוֹלְמֶרְט, ; born 30 September 1945) is an Israeli politician and lawyer. He served as the 12th Prime Minister of Israel from 2006 to 2009 and before that as a cabinet minister from 1988 to 1992 and ...
and
Foreign Minister
A foreign affairs minister or minister of foreign affairs (less commonly minister for foreign affairs) is generally a cabinet minister in charge of a state's foreign policy and relations. The formal title of the top official varies between cou ...
Tzipi Livni as Israel's new ambassador to the United Nations, replacing
Dan Gillerman
Dan Gillerman ( he, דן גילרמן, born 1944 in Tel Aviv) was Israel's 13th Permanent Representative to the United Nations. He was appointed in July 2002 and assumed his post on January 1, 2003, serving through 2008.
Education
Gillerman wa ...
. Livni's associates said: "The UN is an arena that requires other skills in addition to diplomatic know-how. The fact that she is a woman, and a jurist respected throughout the world, with a great deal of public experience, makes her the best candidate." Livni was criticized for the pick, but responded, "It was important to me to appoint a woman to represent Israel in such an important place.... Professor Shalev is internationally respected; she has fulfilled many public positions in Israel".
On September 8, she presented her diplomatic credentials to UN Secretary-General
Ban Ki-moon
Ban Ki-moon (; ; born 13 June 1944) is a South Korean politician and diplomat who served as the eighth secretary-general of the United Nations between 2007 and 2016. Prior to his appointment as secretary-general, Ban was his country's Minister ...
, and became the first woman to serve as Israel's ambassador to the UN. She said that: "as a woman, a professor and above all as a proud Israeli, I am happy for the opportunity given me to contribute to the state in the complex international arena of the United Nations".
Shalev was Israel's Ambassador to the UN until October 2010. She is now president of Ono Academic College.
References
External links
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Frances Raday
Frances Raday (born January 29, 1944, in Manchester, England) is a Professor Emerita of Elias Lieberman (labor lawyer), Elias Lieberman Chair in Labor Law, Hebrew University of Jerusalem. Raday is currently a Professor of Law at the Haim Striks La ...