Gabriel Gustav Valentin (July 1810 - 24 May 1883), also Gabriel Valentin, was a German physiologist and professor of

physiology Physiology (; ) is the scientific study of functions and mechanisms in a living system. As a sub-discipline of biology, physiology focuses on how organisms, organ systems, individual organs, cells, and biomolecules carry out the chemical ...

at the

University of Bern The University of Bern (german: Universität Bern, french: Université de Berne, la, Universitas Bernensis) is a university in the Swiss capital of Bern and was founded in 1834. It is regulated and financed by the Canton of Bern. It is a compreh ...

. Gabriel Gustav Valentin was born at Breslau in July 1810. He was

Jewish Jews ( he, יְהוּדִים, , ) or Jewish people are an ethnoreligious group and nation originating from the Israelites Israelite origins and kingdom: "The first act in the long drama of Jewish history is the age of the Israelites""The ...

, the son of a Jewish goldsmith. He was educated at the

University of Breslau A university () is an institution of higher (or tertiary) education and research which awards academic degrees in several academic disciplines. Universities typically offer both undergraduate and postgraduate programs. In the United States, th ...

(with M.D. 1832), and he established himself later as a physician in the town. In 1835, Valentin received the Grand Prix of the

Institut de France The (; ) is a French learned society, grouping five , including the Académie Française. It was established in 1795 at the direction of the National Convention. Located on the Quai de Conti in the 6th arrondissement of Paris, the institute ...

for his book ''"Histiogenia Comparata"'' which is a competent treatise on the evolution of animals and plants. In 1836, Valetin was elected as professor of

at the

, which chair he held 45 years, until he resigned in 1881. Valentin was the author of many important works on various subjects: on the blood and its circulation, on

digestion Digestion is the breakdown of large insoluble food molecules into small water-soluble food molecules so that they can be absorbed into the watery blood plasma. In certain organisms, these smaller substances are absorbed through the small intest ...

, on the electricity of muscles and nerves, on the

of the senses, on

toxicology Toxicology is a scientific discipline, overlapping with biology, chemistry, pharmacology, and medicine, that involves the study of the adverse effects of chemical substances on living organisms and the practice of diagnosing and treating e ...

, etc. From 1836 to 1843, Valentin published the ''"Repertorium für Anatomie und Physiologie"'' and collaborated with others on many professional journals. The numerous works of Gabriel Gustav Valentin include: :* ''"Handbuch der Entwicklungsgeschichte des Menschen, mit Vergleichender Rücksicht der Entwicklung der Säugethiere und Vögel"'' Berlin and Paris, 1835 (see above); :* ''"Ueber den Verlauf und die Letzten Enden der Nerven,"'' Bonn, 1836; :* ''"Ueber Mechanik des Blutumlaufs,"'' Leipzig, 1836; :* ''"De Functionibus Nervorum Cerebralium et Nervi Sympathici,"'' Bern, 1839; * :* ''"Lehrbuch der Physiologie des Menschen,"'' Brunswick, 1844, 2d ed. 1847-1850; :* ''"Grundriss der Physiologie des Menschen,"'' ib. 1846, 4th ed. 1854; :* ''"Der Einfluss der Vaguslähmung auf die Lungen und Hautausdünstung,"'' Frankfort-on-the-Main, 1857; :* ''"Die Untersuchung der Pflanzen- und Thiergewebe im Polarisierten Licht,"'' Leipzig, 1861; :* ''"Beiträge zur Anatomie und Physiologie des Nerven- und Muskel-systems,"'' ib. 1863; :* ''"Der Gebrauch des Spektroskops,"'' ib. 1863; :* ''"Versuch einer Physiologischen Pathologie der Nerven,"'' ib. 1864; and, :* ''"Versuch einer Physiologischen Pathologie des Bluts und der Uebrigen Körpersäfte,"'' ib. 1866-1867. Gabriel Gustav Valentin died at

Bern, Switzerland german: Berner(in)french: Bernois(e) it, bernese , neighboring_municipalities = Bremgarten bei Bern, Frauenkappelen, Ittigen, Kirchlindach, Köniz, Mühleberg, Muri bei Bern, Neuenegg, Ostermundigen, Wohlen bei Bern, Zollikofen , website ...

, on May 24, 1883, at the age of seventy-two.

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External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Valentin 1810 births 1883 deaths German physiologists Physicians from Wrocław People from the Province of Silesia 19th-century German Jews German emigrants to Switzerland University of Bern faculty Expatriates in Switzerland