Gabriel the Hilandarian ( 1359–d. after 1412) was a Serbian monk- scribe. There is very little information available about Gabriel the Hilandarian, like most modest monks who lived in the 14th and early 15th century. It is known that he translated

Olympiodorus the Younger Olympiodorus the Younger ( el, Ὀλυμπιόδωρος ὁ Νεώτερος; c. 495 – 570) was a Neoplatonist philosopher, astrologer and teacher who lived in the early years of the Byzantine Empire, after Justinian's Decree of 529 AD which c ...

's commentary on the Book of Job from Greek in 1411–12. The manuscript is now held at the

State Historical Museum The State Historical Museum ( Russian: Государственный исторический музей, ''Gosudarstvenny istoricheskiy muzyey'') of Russia is a museum of Russian history The history of Russia begins with the histories of ...

in Moscow. In his younger days, Gabriel resided and worked at the Resava (Manasija) Monastery, built between 1407 and 1418 by Despot Stefan Lazarević. According to Constantine of Kostenets, Resava was built specifically as a centre for the followers of the Hesychasm movement, showing that Stefan held them in great esteem. Stefan endowed Resava generously with icons and books, and established a

scriptorium Scriptorium (), literally "a place for writing", is commonly used to refer to a room in medieval European monasteries devoted to the writing, copying and illuminating of manuscripts commonly handled by monastic scribes. However, lay scribes an ...

and a translation school within the monastery. Old texts were corrected and copied and many were translated from Hebrew, Greek, Old Armenian, Old Georgian, Coptic, Syriac, and Old Latin. Among notable translators were Gabriel; Anonymous monk ( Books of Kings, in 1411–12); the monk Jacob (

Hexaemeron The term Hexameron ( Greek: Ἡ Ἑξαήμερος Δημιουργία ''Hē Hexaēmeros Dēmiourgia'') refers either to the genre of theological treatise that describes God's work on the six days of creation or to the six days of creation them ...

John Chrysostom John Chrysostom (; gr, Ἰωάννης ὁ Χρυσόστομος; 14 September 407) was an important Early Church Father who served as archbishop of Constantinople. He is known for his preaching and public speaking, his denunciation of ...

, first book, in 1425–26); Venedikt Crepović (Hexaemeron of John Chrysostom, second book, in 1425–26); and priest Panareta. During that time, translators made technical improvements in texts while they were being translated. Most of the scribes working in the scriptorium after completing their apprenticeship left for other monasteries in the then Serbian Empire.

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* * * {{authority control 14th-century Serbian writers Medieval European scribes 15th-century Serbian writers Medieval Serbian Orthodox clergy Serbian monks 15th-century translators People of the Serbian Despotate 14th-century Christian monks 15th-century Christian monks People associated with Hilandar Monastery

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