Gabriel III ( el, ), (? – 25 October 1707) was
Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople
The ecumenical patriarch ( el, Οἰκουμενικός Πατριάρχης, translit=Oikoumenikós Patriárchēs) is the archbishop of Constantinople (Istanbul), New Rome and '' primus inter pares'' (first among equals) among the heads of th ...
from 1702 to 1707.
Life
Gabriel was born in the town of Smyrna (now
İzmir
İzmir ( , ; ), also spelled Izmir, is a metropolitan city in the western extremity of Anatolia, capital of the province of the same name. It is the third most populous city in Turkey, after Istanbul and Ankara and the second largest urban agglo ...
) to parents coming from the island of
Andros and in 1688 he became
Metropolitan of Chalcedon. He was elected Patriarch of Constantinople on 29 August 1702 and reigned till his death. His reign had no particular troubles and was serene.
In 1704, Gabriel formally condemned the edition of the
New Testament
The New Testament grc, Ἡ Καινὴ Διαθήκη, transl. ; la, Novum Testamentum. (NT) is the second division of the Christian biblical canon. It discusses the teachings and person of Jesus, as well as events in first-century Christ ...
into
Modern Greek
Modern Greek (, , or , ''Kiní Neoellinikí Glóssa''), generally referred to by speakers simply as Greek (, ), refers collectively to the dialects of the Greek language spoken in the modern era, including the official standardized form of the ...
translated by Seraphim of
Mytilene and edited in London in 1703 by the English
Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts. On 5 March 1705, he issued an order forbidding the Greek students to study in London due to improper behaviours. In 1706, he issued a letter to condemning the
Latin
Latin (, or , ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally a dialect spoken in the lower Tiber area (then known as Latium) around present-day Rome, but through the power of the ...
doctrines.
He also intervened in the affairs of the autonomous
Church of Cyprus
The Church of Cyprus ( el, Ἐκκλησία τῆς Κύπρου, translit=Ekklisia tis Kyprou; tr, Kıbrıs Kilisesi) is one of the autocephalous Greek Orthodox churches that together with other Eastern Orthodox churches form the communio ...
, deposing Germanos II of Cyprus after complaints of the local population. The
Melkite
The term Melkite (), also written Melchite, refers to various Eastern Christianity, Eastern Christian churches of the Byzantine Rite and their members originating in the Middle East. The term comes from the common Central Semitic Semitic root, ro ...
Metropolitan of
Aleppo
)), is an adjective which means "white-colored mixed with black".
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Athanasius Dabbas was so elected in Istanbul as regent (''
proedros
''Proedros'' ( el, πρόεδρος, "president") was a senior Byzantine court and ecclesiastic title in the 10th to mid-12th centuries. The female form of the title is ''proedrissa'' (προέδρισσα).
Court dignity
The title was created in ...
'')
Archbishop of Cyprus at end 1705. In February 1707, after Athanasius' return to Constantinople, Gabriel censored as non-canonical the consecration of the new Archbishop Jacob II, who nevertheless reigned until 1718.
With regards to his birth-town Smyrna, in 1706 he founded there a school where the scholar Adamantios Rysios taught. Gabriel died in Constantinople on 25 October 1707 and was buried at the monastery of Kamariotissa on the island of
Halki.
Notes
{{DEFAULTSORT:Gabriel 03 Of Constantinople, Patriarch
17th-century births
1707 deaths
17th-century Eastern Orthodox bishops
Smyrniote Greeks
18th-century Ecumenical Patriarchs of Constantinople
Bishops of Chalcedon