V1005 Orionis is a young flare star in the

equatorial Equatorial may refer to something related to: *Earth's equator **the tropics, the Earth's equatorial region **tropical climate *the Celestial equator ** equatorial orbit **equatorial coordinate system ** equatorial mount, of telescopes * equatorial ...

constellation A constellation is an area on the celestial sphere in which a group of visible stars forms Asterism (astronomy), a perceived pattern or outline, typically representing an animal, mythological subject, or inanimate object. The origins of the e ...

of Orion. It has the identifier GJ 182 in the Gliese–Jahreiß catalogue; ''V1005 Ori'' is its

variable star designation In astronomy, a variable star designation is a unique identifier given to variable stars. It uses a variation on the Bayer designation format, with an identifying label (as described below) preceding the Latin genitive of the name of the constell ...

. This star is too faint to be visible to the naked eye, having a mean apparent visual magnitude of 10.1. It is located at a distance of 79.6

light year A light-year, alternatively spelled light year, is a large unit of length used to express astronomical distances and is equivalent to about 9.46 trillion kilometers (), or 5.88 trillion miles ().One trillion here is taken to be 1012 ...

s from the Sun and is drifting further away with a

radial velocity The radial velocity or line-of-sight velocity, also known as radial speed or range rate, of a target with respect to an observer is the temporal rate of change, rate of change of the distance or Slant range, range between the two points. It is e ...

of 19.2 km/s. The star is a possible member of the

IC 2391 IC 2391 (also known as the Omicron Velorum Cluster or Caldwell 85) is an open cluster in the constellation Vela. The Persian astronomer Al Sufi may have first described it about 964. It was found by Abbe Lacaille and cataloged as Lac II 5. Th ...

supercluster. Flare activity was first reported for this star by N. I. Shakhovskaya in 1974. B. W. Bopp found anomalously strong lithium lines in the spectrum of GJ 182, a rarity for stars of this class and a possible indicator of a very young star. Together with F. Espenak, in 1977 Bopp demonstrated the star showed periodic variations similar to

BY Draconis BY Draconis is a multiple star system in the constellation Draco, consisting of at least three components. Components A and B are main sequence stars, and form a close binary star system with a short orbital period of only 5.98 days. ...

. In 1984, Byrne and associates found a preliminary rotation period of 4.55 days and showed the star had a normal flare rate. The

stellar classification In astronomy, stellar classification is the classification of stars based on their stellar spectrum, spectral characteristics. Electromagnetic radiation from the star is analyzed by splitting it with a Prism (optics), prism or diffraction grati ...

of V1005 Ori is M0Ve, indicating this is an

M-type main-sequence star ''Red Dwarf'' is a British science fiction comedy franchise created by Rob Grant and Doug Naylor, which primarily consists of a television sitcom that aired on BBC Two between 1988 and 1999, and on Dave since 2009, gaining a cult following. ...

(a "red dwarf") with emission lines (e) in its

spectrum A spectrum (plural ''spectra'' or ''spectrums'') is a condition that is not limited to a specific set of values but can vary, without gaps, across a continuum. The word was first used scientifically in optics to describe the rainbow of colors i ...

. It is classified as a

and

UV Ceti Luyten 726-8, also known as Gliese 65, is a binary star system that is one of Earth's nearest neighbors, at about 8.7 light years from Earth in the constellation Cetus. The two component stars are both flare stars with the variable st ...

variable, which means it is a magnetically active star that exhibits rotational modulation of star spots and undergoes sudden increases in brightness from flares. Because of this activity, the star displays a low level of

X-ray emission Astrophysical X-ray sources are astronomical objects with physical properties which result in the emission of X-rays. Several types of astrophysical objects emit X-rays. They include galaxy clusters, black holes in active galactic nuclei (AGN), ...

. The surface magnetic field strength is and the magnetic field has multiple poles. It shows a possible activity cycle with a period of 38 years and an amplitude of 0.13 in magnitude. This star is an estimated 25 million years old and is currently about a half magnitude above the

main sequence In astronomy, the main sequence is a continuous and distinctive band of stars that appears on plots of stellar color versus brightness. These color-magnitude plots are known as Hertzsprung–Russell diagrams after their co-developers, Ejnar Her ...

. However, the high lithium content suggests it may be as young as 10–15 million years, as this element is typically expected to be depleted after 20 million years. It is spinning with a

projected rotational velocity Stellar rotation is the angular motion of a star about its axis. The rate of rotation can be measured from the spectrum of the star, or by timing the movements of active features on the surface. The rotation of a star produces an equatorial bulge ...

of ~9 km/s, and a rotation period of 4.4 days suggests it is being viewed from close to the equatorial plane. The star has less mass, a smaller radius, and a lower luminosity compared to the Sun. V1005 Ori is surrounded by a

circumstellar disk A circumstellar disc (or circumstellar disk) is a torus, pancake or ring-shaped accretion disk of matter composed of gas, dust, planetesimals, asteroids, or collision fragments in orbit around a star. Around the youngest stars, they are the rese ...

of dust that indicates planetary formation is under way. This disk has a radius of , a mean temperature of , and a dust mass equal to 3.35 times the mass of the

Moon The Moon is Earth's only natural satellite. It is the fifth largest satellite in the Solar System and the largest and most massive relative to its parent planet, with a diameter about one-quarter that of Earth (comparable to the width of ...

. A candidate sub-stellar companion was identified in 2001, but this was determined to be a background object.

References

Further reading