G. Marius Clore
MAE
Mae is an American rock band that formed in Norfolk, Virginia in 2001. The band's name is an acronym for "Multi-sensory Aesthetic Experience", based on a course taken by drummer Jacob Marshall while a student at Old Dominion University.
Histor ...
,
FRSC,
FRS is a British-born, Anglo-American molecular
biophysicist
Biophysics is an interdisciplinary science that applies approaches and methods traditionally used in physics to study Biology, biological phenomena. Biophysics covers all scales of biological organization, from Molecule, molecular to organismic ...
and
structural biologist
Structural biology is a field that is many centuries old which, and as defined by the Journal of Structural Biology, deals with structural analysis of living material (formed, composed of, and/or maintained and refined by living cells) at every le ...
. He was born in
London
London is the capital and largest city of England and the United Kingdom, with a population of just under 9 million. It stands on the River Thames in south-east England at the head of a estuary down to the North Sea, and has been a majo ...
,
U.K.
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Europe, off the north-western coast of the continental mainland. It comprises England, Scotland, Wales and North ...
and is a dual US/U.K. Citizen.
He is a
Member of the National Academy of Sciences,
a
Fellow of the Royal Society
Fellowship of the Royal Society (FRS, ForMemRS and HonFRS) is an award granted by the judges of the Royal Society of London to individuals who have made a "substantial contribution to the improvement of natural science, natural knowledge, incl ...
,
a
NIH Distinguished Investigator, and the Chief of the Molecular and Structural Biophysics Section in the Laboratory of Chemical Physics of the
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases at the U.S.
National Institutes of Health
The National Institutes of Health, commonly referred to as NIH (with each letter pronounced individually), is the primary agency of the United States government responsible for biomedical and public health research. It was founded in the late ...
.
He is known for his foundational work in three-dimensional
protein
Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residues. Proteins perform a vast array of functions within organisms, including catalysing metabolic reactions, DNA replication, respo ...
and
nucleic acid
Nucleic acids are biopolymers, macromolecules, essential to all known forms of life. They are composed of nucleotides, which are the monomers made of three components: a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group and a nitrogenous base. The two main cl ...
structure determination by
biomolecular NMR spectroscopy, for advancing experimental approaches to the study of large
macromolecule
A macromolecule is a very large molecule important to biophysical processes, such as a protein or nucleic acid. It is composed of thousands of covalently bonded atoms. Many macromolecules are polymers of smaller molecules called monomers. The ...
s and their complexes by NMR, and for developing NMR-based methods to study rare
conformational states in
protein
Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residues. Proteins perform a vast array of functions within organisms, including catalysing metabolic reactions, DNA replication, respo ...
-
nucleic acid
Nucleic acids are biopolymers, macromolecules, essential to all known forms of life. They are composed of nucleotides, which are the monomers made of three components: a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group and a nitrogenous base. The two main cl ...
and
protein-protein recognition.
Clore's discovery of previously undetectable, functionally significant, rare transient states of macromolecules has yielded fundamental new insights into the mechanisms of important biological processes, and in particular the significance of weak interactions and the mechanisms whereby the opposing constraints of speed and specificity are optimized. Further, Clore's work opens up a new era of pharmacology and drug design as it is now possible to target structures and conformations that have been heretofore unseen.
Biography
Clore received his undergraduate degree with
first class honours in
biochemistry
Biochemistry or biological chemistry is the study of chemical processes within and relating to living organisms. A sub-discipline of both chemistry and biology, biochemistry may be divided into three fields: structural biology, enzymology and ...
from
University College London
, mottoeng = Let all come who by merit deserve the most reward
, established =
, type = Public research university
, endowment = £143 million (2020)
, budget = ...
in 1976 and medical degree from
UCL Medical School in 1979.
After completing
house physician
Pre-registration house officer (PRHO), often known as a houseman or house officer, is a former official term for a grade of junior doctor that was, until 2005, the only job open to medical graduates in the United Kingdom who had just passed the ...
and
house surgeon appointments at
University College Hospital
University College Hospital (UCH) is a teaching hospital in the Fitzrovia area of the London Borough of Camden, England. The hospital, which was founded as the North London Hospital in 1834, is closely associated with University College London ...
and
St Charles' Hospital (part of the
St. Mary's Hospital group), respectively, he was a member of the scientific staff of the
Medical Research Council National Institute for Medical Research from 1980 to 1984. He received his
PhD PHD or PhD may refer to:
* Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), an academic qualification
Entertainment
* '' PhD: Phantasy Degree'', a Korean comic series
* ''Piled Higher and Deeper'', a web comic
* Ph.D. (band), a 1980s British group
** Ph.D. (Ph.D. albu ...
from the
National Institute for Medical Research in Physical Biochemistry in 1982. He was awarded a joint Lister Institute Research Fellowship from the
Lister Institute of Preventive Medicine which he held from 1982 to 1984 at the
Medical Research Council.
In 1984 he joined the
Max Planck Institute for Biochemistry
The Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry (MPIB) is a research institute of the Max Planck Society located in Martinsried, a suburb of Munich. The institute was founded in 1973 by the merger of three formerly independent institutes: the Max Planck ...
in
Martinsried, Germany, where he headed the Biological NMR department from 1984 to 1988.
In 1988, Clore was recruited to the
National Institutes of Health
The National Institutes of Health, commonly referred to as NIH (with each letter pronounced individually), is the primary agency of the United States government responsible for biomedical and public health research. It was founded in the late ...
(
NIH) Laboratory of Chemical Physics (
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases) located in
Bethesda, Maryland
Bethesda () is an unincorporated, census-designated place in southern Montgomery County, Maryland. It is located just northwest of Washington, D.C. It takes its name from a local church, the Bethesda Meeting House (1820, rebuilt 1849), which in ...
, U.S., where he interacted closely in the late 1980s and early 1990s with NIH colleagues
Ad Bax
Adriaan "Ad" Bax (born 1956) is a Dutch-American molecular biophysicist. He was born in the Netherlands and is the Chief of the Section on Biophysical NMR Spectroscopy at the National Institutes of Health. He is known for his work on the methodolo ...
, Angela Gronenborn and
Dennis Torchia on the development of multidimensional heteronuclear
NMR spectroscopy and a structural biology effort aimed at proteins involved in the pathogenesis of
HIV/AIDS
Human immunodeficiency virus infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) is a spectrum of conditions caused by infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), a retrovirus. Following initial infection an individual ...
.
He has remained at the NIH ever since and is currently a NIH Distinguished Investigator and Chief of the Section on Molecular and Structural Biophysics at the NIH.
He is an elected Member of the
United States National Academy of Sciences
The National Academy of Sciences (NAS) is a United States nonprofit, non-governmental organization. NAS is part of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, along with the National Academy of Engineering (NAE) and the Nati ...
, a
Fellow
A fellow is a concept whose exact meaning depends on context.
In learned or professional societies, it refers to a privileged member who is specially elected in recognition of their work and achievements.
Within the context of higher education ...
of the
Royal Society
The Royal Society, formally The Royal Society of London for Improving Natural Knowledge, is a learned society and the United Kingdom's national academy of sciences. The society fulfils a number of roles: promoting science and its benefits, re ...
, a Fellow of the
American Academy of Arts and Sciences
The American Academy of Arts and Sciences (abbreviation: AAA&S) is one of the oldest learned societies in the United States. It was founded in 1780 during the American Revolution by John Adams, John Hancock, James Bowdoin, Andrew Oliver, and ...
,
and a Foreign Member of the
Academia Europaea (Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Section).
Clore's citation upon election to the
Royal Society
The Royal Society, formally The Royal Society of London for Improving Natural Knowledge, is a learned society and the United Kingdom's national academy of sciences. The society fulfils a number of roles: promoting science and its benefits, re ...
reads:
Research
3D structure determination in solution by NMR
Clore played a pivotal role in the development of three- and four-dimensional NMR spectroscopy, the use of
residual dipolar couplings for structure determination, the development of simulated annealing and restrained molecular dynamics for three-dimensional protein and nucleic acid structure determination, the solution NMR structure determination of large protein complexes,
the development of the combined use of NMR and
small-angle X-ray scattering in solution structure determination, and the analysis and characterization of
protein dynamics Proteins are generally thought to adopt unique structures determined by their amino acid sequences. However, proteins are not strictly static objects, but rather populate ensembles of (sometimes similar) conformations. Transitions between these stat ...
by NMR. Clore's work on complexes of all the cytoplasmic components of the bacterial
phosphotransferase system (PTS) led to significant insights into how
signal transduction
Signal transduction is the process by which a chemical or physical signal is transmitted through a cell as a series of molecular events, most commonly protein phosphorylation catalyzed by protein kinases, which ultimately results in a cellula ...
proteins recognize multiple, structurally dissimilar partners by generating similar binding surfaces from completely different structural elements and exploiting side chain conformational plasticity.
Clore is also one of the main authors of the very widely used
XPLOR-NIH NMR structure determination program
Detection and visualization of excited and sparsely-populated states
Clore's recent work has focused on developing new NMR methods (such as
paramagnetic relaxation enhancement, dark state exchange saturation transfer spectroscopy and lifetime line broadening) to detect, characterize and visualize the structure and dynamics of sparsely-populated states of macromolecules, which are important in macromolecular interactions but invisible to conventional structural and biophysical techniques. Examples of include the direct demonstration of rotation-coupled sliding and intermolecular translocation as mechanisms whereby sequence-specific DNA binding proteins locate their target site(s) within an overwhelming sea of non-specific DNA sequences; the detection, visualization and characterization of encounter complexes in protein-protein association; the analysis of the synergistic effects of conformational selection and induced fit in protein-ligand interactions; and the uncovering of "dark", spectroscopically invisible states in interactions of NMR-visible proteins and polypeptides (including intrinsically disordered states) with very large megadalton macromolecular assemblies. The latter includes an atomic-resolution view of the dynamics of the
amyloid-β aggregation process. and the demonstration of intrinsic unfoldase/foldase activity of the macromolecular machine GroEL. These various techniques have also been used to uncover the kinetic pathway of pre-nucleation transient oligomerization events and associated structures involving the protein encoded by huntingtin exon-1, which may provide a potential avenue for therapeutic intervention in Huntington's disease, a fatal autosomal dominant, neurodegenerative condition.
Scientific impact
Clore is one of the most highly cited scientists in the fields of molecular biophysics, structural biology, biomolecular NMR and chemistry with over 540 published scientific articles and an h-index (number of papers cited h or more time) of 141. Clore is also one of only four
NIH scientists to have been elected to both the
United States National Academy of Sciences
The National Academy of Sciences (NAS) is a United States nonprofit, non-governmental organization. NAS is part of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, along with the National Academy of Engineering (NAE) and the Nati ...
and
The Royal Society, the other three being
Julius Axelrod
Julius Axelrod (May 30, 1912 – December 29, 2004) was an American biochemist. He won a share of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1970 along with Bernard Katz and Ulf von Euler. The Nobel Committee honored him for his work on the re ...
,
Francis Collins and
Harold Varmus.
Personal life
Marius Clore was educated at the
Lycee Francais Charles de Gaulle
In France, secondary education is in two stages:
* ''Collèges'' () cater for the first four years of secondary education from the ages of 11 to 15.
* ''Lycées'' () provide a three-year course of further secondary education for children between ...
in Kensington, London. Marius Clore's father was the film producer
Leon Clore
Leon Clore (9 July 19189 February 1992) was a British film producer who was primarily involved in documentary and short films, as well as several motion pictures.
Biography
Leon Clore was born in Brighton on 9 July 1918. He was the nephew of ...
whose credits include
The French Lieutenant's Woman, and his mother was Miriam Clore (née Werner), a member of the
Haganah
Haganah ( he, הַהֲגָנָה, lit. ''The Defence'') was the main Zionist paramilitary organization of the Jewish population ("Yishuv") in Mandatory Palestine between 1920 and its disestablishment in 1948, when it became the core of the ...
during the 1948
Arab-Israeli War
The Arab citizens of Israel are the largest ethnic minority in the country. They comprise a hybrid community of Israeli citizens with a heritage of Palestinian citizenship, mixed religions (Muslim, Christian or Druze), bilingual in Arabic an ...
and subsequently the personal assistant to
David Ben Gurion prior to moving to England.
Sir Charles Clore
Sir Charles Clore (26 December 1904 – 26 July 1979) was a British financier, retail and property magnate, and philanthropist.
Life and career
Clore was of Lithuanian Jewish background, the son of Israel Clore, a Whitechapel tailor who had emi ...
and Dame
Vivien Duffield
Dame Vivien Louise Duffield, (née Clore; born 26 March 1946) is an English philanthropist.
Life and career
Vivien Louise Clore was born to Jewish parents. Her father was millionaire businessman and philanthropist Sir Charles Clore and her m ...
are his great uncle and second cousin, respectively. He is married to
Carole A. Bewley a senior investigator and Chief of the Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry in the
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases at the
National Institutes of Health
The National Institutes of Health, commonly referred to as NIH (with each letter pronounced individually), is the primary agency of the United States government responsible for biomedical and public health research. It was founded in the late ...
.
Awards and honors
*2021:
Murray Goodman Memorial Prize An award recognizing outstanding accomplishments in one or more of the areas of biochemistry, biophysical chemistry, biophysics, or chemical biology. The award is given by the journal ''Biopolymers'', and is named for the journal’s founding edit ...
*2021: Honorary Doctorate of Science (DSc) from
University College London
, mottoeng = Let all come who by merit deserve the most reward
, established =
, type = Public research university
, endowment = £143 million (2020)
, budget = ...
*2021:
Royal Society of Chemistry
The Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) is a learned society (professional association) in the United Kingdom with the goal of "advancing the chemistry, chemical sciences". It was formed in 1980 from the amalgamation of the Chemical Society, the Ro ...
Khorana Prize
*2020: Elected Fellow of the
Royal Society
The Royal Society, formally The Royal Society of London for Improving Natural Knowledge, is a learned society and the United Kingdom's national academy of sciences. The society fulfils a number of roles: promoting science and its benefits, re ...
*2020:
Biophysical Society
The Biophysical Society is an international scientific society whose purpose is to lead the development and dissemination of knowledge in biophysics. Founded in 1958, the Society currently consists of over 7,500 members in academia, government, an ...
Innovation Award
*2015: Elected Foreign Member of the
Academia Europaea.
*2014: Elected Member of the
United States National Academy of Sciences
The National Academy of Sciences (NAS) is a United States nonprofit, non-governmental organization. NAS is part of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, along with the National Academy of Engineering (NAE) and the Nati ...
(
Biophysics and Computational Biology section)
*2012:
Biochemical Society
The Biochemical Society is a learned society in the United Kingdom in the field of biochemistry, including all the cellular and molecular biosciences.
Structure
It currently has around 7000 members, two-thirds in the UK. It is affiliated with th ...
2013 Centenary Award (previously known as the Jubilee Medal) and Sir Frederick Gowland Hopkins Memorial Lecture (U.K.)
*2011:
Royal Society of Chemistry
The Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) is a learned society (professional association) in the United Kingdom with the goal of "advancing the chemistry, chemical sciences". It was formed in 1980 from the amalgamation of the Chemical Society, the Ro ...
Centenary Prize
*2011: Elected Fellow of the International Society of Magnetic Resonance
*2010: Elected Fellow of the
American Academy of Arts and Sciences
The American Academy of Arts and Sciences (abbreviation: AAA&S) is one of the oldest learned societies in the United States. It was founded in 1780 during the American Revolution by John Adams, John Hancock, James Bowdoin, Andrew Oliver, and ...
*2010: Hillebrand Award of the Washington Chemical Society
*2009: Elected Fellow of the
Biophysical Society
The Biophysical Society is an international scientific society whose purpose is to lead the development and dissemination of knowledge in biophysics. Founded in 1958, the Society currently consists of over 7,500 members in academia, government, an ...
*2003: Elected Member of the
Lister Institute of Preventive Medicine (U.K.)
[
*2001: Original member, Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) Highly Cited Researchers Database (in Biology & Biochemistry and Chemistry sections).]
*1999: Elected Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science
The American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) is an American international non-profit organization with the stated goals of promoting cooperation among scientists, defending scientific freedom, encouraging scientific respons ...
.
*1993: Dupont-Merck Young Investigator Award of the Protein Society
*1990: Elected Fellow of the Royal Society of Chemistry ( FRSC) (U.K).
References
External links
G. Marius Clore laboratory homepage
Oral history interview transcript with Marius Clore on 23 March 2020, American Institute of Physics, Niels Bohr Library & Archives
* ttps://royalsociety.org/people/G-Marius-Clore-25341/ Listing on the Royal Society web sitebr>Listing on the American Academy of Arts and Sciences web site
Listing on the Academia Europaea web site
Listing on NIDDK/NIH web site
Listing on NIH Intramural Research Program web site
*
G. Marius Clore Orcid ID
Marius Clore on Landmark Article in the Journal of Magnetic Resonance
Marius Clore Lecture on "Transient Prenucleation Oligomerization of Huntingtin" at the ICMRBS Webinar on Emerging Topics in Biomolecular Resonance (4/15/2021)
List of University College London Honorary Graduates
{{DEFAULTSORT:Clore, G. Marius
Fellows of the Royal Society
Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences
Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
Members of Academia Europaea
Fellows of the Royal Society of Chemistry
Fellows of the American Association for the Advancement of Science
American scientists
British scientists
American biophysicists
British biophysicists
English biophysicists
American biochemists
British biochemists
English biochemists
20th-century British medical doctors
21st-century British medical doctors
Biochemists
Computational chemists
Nuclear magnetic resonance
National Institutes of Health people
National Institutes of Health faculty
Alumni of University College London
Alumni of the UCL Medical School
Alumni of the University of London
1955 births
Living people
British emigrants to the United States