G is the seventh letter of the Latin alphabet. G may also refer to:

Places

Gabon Gabon (; ; snq, Ngabu), officially the Gabonese Republic (french: République gabonaise), is a country on the west coast of Central Africa. Located on the equator, it is bordered by Equatorial Guinea to the northwest, Cameroon to the north ...

, international license plate code G *

Glasgow Glasgow ( ; sco, Glesca or ; gd, Glaschu ) is the most populous city in Scotland and the fourth-most populous city in the United Kingdom, as well as being the 27th largest city by population in Europe. In 2020, it had an estimated popul ...

, UK postal code G * Eastern

Quebec Quebec ( ; )According to the Canadian government, ''Québec'' (with the acute accent) is the official name in Canadian French and ''Quebec'' (without the accent) is the province's official name in Canadian English is one of the thirtee ...

, Canadian postal prefix G *

Melbourne Cricket Ground The Melbourne Cricket Ground (MCG), also known locally as "The 'G", is an Australian sports stadium located in Yarra Park, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, Victoria. Founded and managed by the Melbourne Cricket Club, it is the largest stadiu ...

in Melbourne, Australia, generally called "The G" by locals

Arts, entertainment and media

Fictional characters

* G, a fictional character in the game ''

Club Penguin ''Club Penguin'' was a massively multiplayer online game (MMO), involving a virtual world that contained a range of online games and activities. It was created by New Horizon Interactive (now known as Disney Canada Inc.). Players used cartoon ...

'' * G, a fictional character in Sega's ''The House of the Dead'' series * G (''Street Fighter''), a fictional character in the ''Street Fighter'' series *

Mr G Hellen "Greg" Gregson, best known as Mr G, is a Character (arts), fictional character portrayed by Chris Lilley (comedian), Chris Lilley in the Australian mockumentary series ''Summer Heights High''. The character also appeared in the sketch c ...

, or Mr Gregson, a fictional character in the Australian TV comedy ''Summer Heights High''

Films

* ''G'' (2002 film), by Christopher Scott Cherot * ''G'' (2004 film), a documentary about methamphetamine use among the Navajo

Music

Notation

G (musical note) Sol, so, or G is the fifth note of the fixed-do solfège starting on C. It is the fifth note and the eighth semitone of the solfège. As such it is the dominant, a perfect fifth above C or perfect fourth below C. When calculated in equal temp ...

G major G major (or the key of G) is a major scale based on G, with the pitches G, A, B, C, D, E, and F. Its key signature has one sharp. Its relative minor is E minor and its parallel minor is G minor. The G major scale is: Notable compositi ...

, a scale * G major chord,

Chord names and symbols (popular music) Musicians use various kinds of chord names and symbols in different contexts to represent musical chords. In most genres of popular music, including jazz, pop, and rock, a chord name and its corresponding symbol typically indicate one or more ...

G minor G minor is a minor scale based on G, consisting of the pitches G, A, B, C, D, E, and F. Its key signature has two flats. Its relative major is B-flat major and its parallel major is G major. According to Paolo Pietropaolo, it is the cont ...

, a scale

Albums

* ''G'' (Gerald Levert album) * ''G'' (King Creosote album) * ''G.'' (album), an album by Gotthard

Other music

* A prefix used to denote the

Gérard catalog The following is a complete list of compositions of classical composer Luigi Boccherini. Boccherini's works were catalogued by the French musicologist Yves Gérard (1932–2020) in the ''Gérard catalog'', published in London (1969), hence ...

, a catalogue of Luigi Boccherini's works compiled by Yves Gérard

Rating systems

''G'' is a common type of

content rating A content rating (also known as maturity rating) rates the suitability of TV shows, movies, comic books, or video games to this primary targeted audience. A content rating usually places a media source into one of a number of different categories, ...

that applies to media entertainment, such as films, television shows and computer games, generally denoting "General Audience" meaning that access is not restricted. The following organizations all use the rating: *

Australian Classification Board The Australian Classification Board (ACB or CB) is an Australian government statutory body responsible for the classification and censorship of films, video games and publications for exhibition, sale or hire in Australia. The ACB was establis ...

Canadian motion picture rating system Motion picture ratings in Canada are mostly a provincial responsibility, and each province has its own legislation regarding exhibition and admission. For home video purposes, a single Canadian Home Video Rating System rating consisting of an av ...

Eirin The , also known as , is Japan's self-regulatory film regulator. Eirin was established on the model of the now-defunct American Motion Picture Producers and Distributors Association's Production Code Administration in June 1949, succeeding t ...

Irish Film Classification Office The Irish Film Classification Office (IFCO) ( ga, Oifig Aicmithe Scannán na hÉireann, OASÉ) is the organisation responsible for films, television programmes, and some video game classification and censorship within Republic of Ireland, Irel ...

Media Development Authority The Media Development Authority (abbreviation: MDA) was a statutory board of the Singapore Government, under the Ministry of Communications and Information (MCI). History MDA was formed on 1 January 2003 by the merger of Singapore Broadcasting ...

Motion Picture Association of America film rating system The Motion Picture Association film rating system is used in the United States and its territories to rate a motion picture's suitability for certain audiences based on its content. The system and the ratings applied to individual motion pictures ...

Movie and Television Review and Classification Board (English: "For Intelligent and Responsible Viewing") , employees = More than 33 , chief1_name = Diorella Maria Sotto-Antonio , chief1_position = Chairperson , agency_type = Film and television classification , parent_agency ...

National Bureau of Classification (NBC) National may refer to: Common uses * Nation or country ** Nationality – a ''national'' is a person who is subject to a nation, regardless of whether the person has full rights as a citizen Places in the United States * National, Maryland, ce ...

Office of Film and Literature Classification (New Zealand) The Office of Film and Literature Classification ( mi, Te Mana Whakaatu), branded as the Classification Office, is an independent Crown entity established under Films, Videos, and Publications Classification Act 1993 responsible for censorship ...

The "G" rating is further documented at

Motion picture content rating system A motion picture content rating system classifies films based on their suitability for audiences due to their treatment of issues such as sex, violence, or substance abuse; their use of profanity; or other matters typically deemed unsuitable for c ...

and

Television content rating system Television content rating systems are systems for Content rating, evaluating the content and reporting the suitability of television programs for Minor (law), minors. Many countries have their own television evaluation, rating system and countrie ...

Other arts, entertainment and media

* ''G.'' (novel), by John Berger * ''G'' (magazine) *G, the production code for the 1964 ''Doctor Who'' serial ''

The Sensorites ''The Sensorites'' is the seventh serial in the British science fiction television Science fiction first appeared in television programming in the late 1930s, during what is called the Golden Age of Science Fiction. Special effects and othe ...

'' * ''

"G" Is for Gumshoe ''"G" Is for Gumshoe'' (1990) is the seventh novel in Sue Grafton's "Alphabet" series of mystery novels and features Kinsey Millhone, a private eye based in Santa Teresa, California. In ''"G" Is for Gumshoe'', Kinsey Millhone meets fellow inve ...

'', the seventh novel in Sue Grafton's ''Alphabet Mystery'' series, published in 1990 * The G logo for the Brazilian television network

Gazeta Gazeta may refer to: in Albania-language newspapers, * Gazeta 55, daily newspaper *Gazeta Rilindja Demokratike, daily newspaper *Gazeta Shqip, daily newspaper in Polish-language newspapers, * Gazetagazeta.com, a Polish-language daily newspaper, pu ...

in São Paulo since 2000

Brands and enterprises

Mercedes-Benz G-Class The Mercedes-Benz G-Class, sometimes colloquially called the G-Wagen (as an abbreviation of Geländewagen) is a four-wheel drive automobile manufactured by Magna Steyr (formerly Steyr-Daimler-Puch) in Austria and sold by Mercedes-Benz. Originall ...

, an automobile *

The Gillette Company Gillette is an American brand of safety razors and other personal care products including shaving supplies, owned by the multi-national corporation Procter & Gamble (P&G). Based in Boston, Massachusetts, United States, it was owned by The Gil ...

, ticker symbol G on the New York Stock Exchange

Mathematics and science

In astrophysics

* G, a

stellar classification In astronomy, stellar classification is the classification of stars based on their stellar spectrum, spectral characteristics. Electromagnetic radiation from the star is analyzed by splitting it with a Prism (optics), prism or diffraction grati ...

for yellowish stars * G, part of a

provisional designation in astronomy Provisional designation in astronomy is the naming convention applied to astronomical objects immediately following their discovery. The provisional designation is usually superseded by a permanent designation once a reliable orbit has been calcu ...

for any comet, asteroid, or minor planet discovered between April 1 and 15

In chemistry and biology

* g, an abbreviation for

gaseous Gas is one of the four fundamental states of matter (the others being solid, liquid, and plasma). A pure gas may be made up of individual atoms (e.g. a noble gas like neon), elemental molecules made from one type of atom (e.g. oxygen), or ...

* ATC code G, ''Genito-urinary system and sex hormones'', a section of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System *

G protein G proteins, also known as guanine nucleotide-binding proteins, are a family of proteins that act as molecular switches inside cells, and are involved in transmitting signals from a variety of stimuli outside a cell to its interior. Their act ...

, a family of proteins involved in transmitting signals across cell membranes *

G factor (psychometrics) The ''g'' factor (also known as general intelligence, general mental ability or general intelligence factor) is a construct developed in psychometric investigations of Cognitive skill, cognitive abilities and human intelligence. It is a variable ...

, a variable used in investigations of cognitive abilities and human intelligence *

G-spot The G-spot, also called the Gräfenberg spot (for German gynecologist Ernst Gräfenberg), is characterized as an erogenous area of the vagina that, when stimulated, may lead to strong sexual arousal, powerful orgasms and potential female ejac ...

, or Gräfenberg spot, an erogenous area of the vagina *

Gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid ''gamma''-Hydroxybutyric acid (or γ-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB), also known as 4-hydroxybutanoic acid) is a naturally occurring neurotransmitter and a depressant drug. It is a precursor to GABA, glutamate, and glycine in certain brain areas. ...

, a drug more commonly known as GHB *

Glycine Glycine (symbol Gly or G; ) is an amino acid that has a single hydrogen atom as its side chain. It is the simplest stable amino acid (carbamic acid is unstable), with the chemical formula NH2‐ CH2‐ COOH. Glycine is one of the proteinogeni ...

, an amino acid *

Guanosine Guanosine (symbol G or Guo) is a purine nucleoside comprising guanine attached to a ribose (ribofuranose) ring via a β-N9-glycosidic bond. Guanosine can be phosphorylated to become guanosine monophosphate (GMP), cyclic guanosine monophosphate (c ...

, a nucleoside *

Haplogroup G (mtDNA) In human mitochondrial genetics, Haplogroup G is a human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup. Origin Haplogroup G is a descendant of haplogroup M. Haplogroup G is divided into subclades G1, G2, G3, and G4. Distribution It is an East Asian hap ...

, a human mitochondrial haplogroup *

Haplogroup G (Y-DNA) Haplogroup G (M201) is a human Y-chromosome haplogroup. It is one of two branches of the parent haplogroup GHIJK, the other being Haplogroup HIJK, HIJK. G-M201 is most commonly found among various ethnic groups of the Caucasus, but is also wide ...

, a Y-chromosome haplogroup

In computing

* "G", a visual programming language for National Instruments'

LabVIEW Laboratory Virtual Instrument Engineering Workbench (LabVIEW) is a system-design platform and development environment for a visual programming language from National Instruments. The graphical language is named "G"; not to be confused with G-co ...

* G, the customary prefix for

Gibi A binary prefix is a unit prefix for multiples of Units of measurement, units. It is most often used in data processing, data transmission, and digital information, principally in association with the bit and the byte, to indicate multiplicatio ...

, the binary multiple meaning 1024³ = 1073741824 *

G-code G-code (also RS-274) is the most widely used computer numerical control (CNC) programming language. It is used mainly in computer-aided manufacturing to control automated machine tools, and has many variants. G-code instructions are provided t ...

, common name for computer numerical control (CNC) programming language

In linguistics

* , a symbol in IPA for ''

voiced uvular plosive The voiced uvular plosive or stop is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is , and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is G\. is a rare sound, even ...

'' * , a symbol in IPA for ''

voiced velar stop The voiced velar plosive or stop is a type of consonantal sound used in many spoken languages. Some languages have the voiced pre-velar plosive, which is articulated slightly more front compared with the place of articulation of the prototyp ...

In mathematics

Catalan's constant In mathematics, Catalan's constant , is defined by : G = \beta(2) = \sum_^ \frac = \frac - \frac + \frac - \frac + \frac - \cdots, where is the Dirichlet beta function. Its numerical value is approximately : It is not known whether is irra ...

, which appears in combinatorics *

Graham's number Graham's number is an immense number that arose as an upper bound on the answer of a problem in the mathematical field of Ramsey theory. It is much larger than many other large numbers such as Skewes's number and Moser's number, both of which ar ...

, an extremely large number arising in Ramsey theory *

Meijer G-function In mathematics, the G-function was introduced by as a very general function intended to include most of the known special functions as particular cases. This was not the only attempt of its kind: the generalized hypergeometric function and the M ...

G_^

Metric tensor In the mathematical field of differential geometry, a metric tensor (or simply metric) is an additional structure on a manifold (such as a surface) that allows defining distances and angles, just as the inner product on a Euclidean space allows ...

, a type of function defined on a manifold, and a generalization of the dot product

In physics

With respect to electromagnetism

* G band (disambiguation) *

Gauss (unit) The gauss, symbol (sometimes Gs), is a unit of measurement of magnetic induction, also known as ''magnetic flux density''. The unit is part of the Gaussian system of units, which inherited it from the older CGS-EMU system. It was named after th ...

, a unit of magnetic induction *

Electrical conductance The electrical resistance of an object is a measure of its opposition to the flow of electric current. Its reciprocal quantity is , measuring the ease with which an electric current passes. Electrical resistance shares some conceptual parallel ...

, g, the ease with which an electric current passes through a material *

g-factor (physics) A ''g''-factor (also called ''g'' value or dimensionless magnetic moment) is a dimensionless quantity that characterizes the magnetic moment and angular momentum of an atom, a particle or the nucleus. It is essentially a proportionality constant ...

, the magnetic moment of a particle

With respect to gravitation

Einstein tensor In differential geometry, the Einstein tensor (named after Albert Einstein; also known as the trace-reversed Ricci tensor) is used to express the curvature of a pseudo-Riemannian manifold. In general relativity, it occurs in the Einstein field eq ...

, G, in general relativity *

Gravitational constant The gravitational constant (also known as the universal gravitational constant, the Newtonian constant of gravitation, or the Cavendish gravitational constant), denoted by the capital letter , is an empirical physical constant involved in ...

, G, an empirical physical constant *

Graviton In theories of quantum gravity, the graviton is the hypothetical quantum of gravity, an elementary particle that mediates the force of gravitational interaction. There is no complete quantum field theory of gravitons due to an outstanding mathem ...

(G), a fundamental particle theorized to mediate the gravitational interaction *

Gravity of Earth The gravity of Earth, denoted by , is the net acceleration that is imparted to objects due to the combined effect of gravitation (from mass distribution within Earth) and the centrifugal force (from the Earth's rotation). It is a vector quanti ...

, g, the local acceleration due to gravity ** ''g''-force, the acceleration of a body relative to free fall **

Standard gravity The standard acceleration due to gravity (or standard acceleration of free fall), sometimes abbreviated as standard gravity, usually denoted by or , is the nominal gravitational acceleration of an object in a vacuum near the surface of the Earth. ...

(''g''₀ or ''g''_n), the standardised acceleration due to gravity on Earth

Other uses in physics

Gibbs free energy In thermodynamics, the Gibbs free energy (or Gibbs energy; symbol G) is a thermodynamic potential that can be used to calculate the maximum amount of work that may be performed by a thermodynamically closed system at constant temperature and pr ...

, a function of thermodynamics *

Gluon A gluon ( ) is an elementary particle that acts as the exchange particle (or gauge boson) for the strong force between quarks. It is analogous to the exchange of photons in the electromagnetic force between two charged particles. Gluons bind q ...

(g), a fundamental particle which mediates the strong interaction *

Shear modulus In materials science, shear modulus or modulus of rigidity, denoted by ''G'', or sometimes ''S'' or ''μ'', is a measure of the elastic shear stiffness of a material and is defined as the ratio of shear stress to the shear strain: :G \ \stackrel ...

, in materials science, the ratio of shear stress to shear strain in a material

In scales, weights and measures

* G,

giga- Giga ( or ) is a unit prefix in the metric system denoting a factor of a short-scale billion or long-scale milliard (109 or ). It has the symbol G. ''Giga'' is derived from the Greek word (''gígas''), meaning "giant". The ''Oxford English Dic ...

, an SI prefix meaning 10⁹ = 1,000,000,000 * g,

gram The gram (originally gramme; SI unit symbol g) is a Physical unit, unit of mass in the International System of Units (SI) equal to one one thousandth of a kilogram. Originally defined as of 1795 as "the absolute weight of a volume of pure wate ...

, a unit of mass in the SI system *

General intelligence factor The ''g'' factor (also known as general intelligence, general mental ability or general intelligence factor) is a construct developed in psychometric investigations of cognitive abilities and human intelligence. It is a variable that summarizes ...

, or "g factor", in psychometrics * G,

Birmingham gauge The Birmingham gauge is a wire gauge system, and is also used to specify thickness or diameter of hypodermic needles and tube products. Terminology Birmingham gauge is also known as the Stubs Iron Wire Gauge or Birmingham Wire Gauge. It is not t ...

, used to measure the diameter of hypodermic needles

Slang

* G, 1000 in popular culture, especially in relation to money; short for "grand" *

Gangsta Gangsta may refer to: Urban culture * Gangsta rap, a subgenre of hip hop music that evolved from hardcore hip hop and purports to reflect urban crime and the violent lifestyles of inner-city youths * Gangster, a member of a gang * Hip hop fashi ...

, in hip hop culture, the word for a person or a style

Transportation

G (Los Angeles Railway) G refers to several streetcar routes in Los Angeles, California that ran via Griffith Avenue. The lines were operated by the Los Angeles Railway The Los Angeles Railway (also known as Yellow Cars, LARy and later Los Angeles Transit Lines) wa ...

G (New York City Subway service) The G Brooklyn-Queens Crosstown Local is an rapid transit service in the B Division of the New York City Subway. Its route emblem, or "bullet", is colored since it uses the IND Crosstown Line. The G operates at all times between Court Square ...

, the G Brooklyn–Queens Crosstown Local, a rapid transit service * G, the aircraft registration prefix for the United Kingdom *

G Line (Los Angeles Metro) The G Line (formerly the Orange Line) is a bus rapid transit line in Los Angeles, California, operated by the Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority (Metro). It operates between and stations in the San Fernando Valley. The ...

Other uses

* G the

ground floor A storey (British English) or story (American English) is any level part of a building with a floor that could be used by people (for living, work, storage, recreation, etc.). Plurals for the word are ''storeys'' (UK) and ''stories'' (US). T ...

, particularly in elevators * G, an ITU prefix for radio and television call signs in the United Kingdom * 'g', the growth rate, in the

dividend discount model In finance and investing, the dividend discount model (DDM) is a method of valuing the price of a company's stock based on the fact that its stock is worth the sum of all of its future dividend payments, discounted back to their present value. In ot ...

approach to financial valuation * Dominical letter G for a

common year starting on Monday A common year starting on Monday is any non-leap year (i.e., a year with 365 days) that begins on Monday, 1 January, and ends on Monday, 31 December. Its dominical letter hence is G. The most recent year of such kind was 2018 and the next one wi ...

Golf Golf is a club-and-ball sport in which players use various clubs to hit balls into a series of holes on a course in as few strokes as possible. Golf, unlike most ball games, cannot and does not use a standardized playing area, and coping wi ...

, the military time zone code for UTC+07:00 * G (or the more specific G-4 or G-6), a relatively poor grade of

coin A coin is a small, flat (usually depending on the country or value), round piece of metal or plastic used primarily as a medium of exchange or legal tender. They are standardized in weight, and produced in large quantities at a mint in order t ...

* G (short for "Greek") in

biblical criticism Biblical criticism is the use of critical analysis to understand and explain the Bible. During the eighteenth century, when it began as ''historical-biblical criticism,'' it was based on two distinguishing characteristics: (1) the concern to ...

refers to the

Septuagint The Greek Old Testament, or Septuagint (, ; from the la, septuaginta, lit=seventy; often abbreviated ''70''; in Roman numerals, LXX), is the earliest extant Greek translation of books from the Hebrew Bible. It includes several books beyond th ...

, the oldest extant translation of the Hebrew scriptures into Greek. *

Guard (gridiron football) In gridiron football, a guard (G), otherwise known as an offensive guard (OG), is a player who lines up between the center (American football), center and the offensive tackle, tackles on the offensive line of a football team on the line of scr ...