Joaquim José da França Júnior (March 18, 1838 – November 27, 1890) was a Brazilian playwright, journalist and, initially, a painter. Alongside
Martins Pena
Luís Carlos Martins Pena (November 5, 1815 – December 7, 1848) was a Brazilians, Brazilian playwright, famous for introducing to Brazil the "comedy of manners", winning the epithet of "the Brazilian Molière".
He is patron of the 29th chair o ...
, he is one of the most famous adepts of the "
comedy of manners
In English literature, the term comedy of manners (also anti-sentimental comedy) describes a genre of realistic, satirical comedy of the Restoration period (1660–1710) that questions and comments upon the manners and social conventions of a gr ...
" genre.
He is patron of the 12th chair of the
Brazilian Academy of Letters
The Academia Brasileira de Letras (ABL) ( English: ''Brazilian Academy of Letters'') is a Brazilian literary non-profit society established at the end of the 19th century. The first president, Machado de Assis, declared its foundation on Tue ...
.
Life
França Júnior was born in
Rio de Janeiro
Rio de Janeiro ( , , ; literally 'River of January'), or simply Rio, is the capital of the state of the same name, Brazil's third-most populous state, and the second-most populous city in Brazil, after São Paulo. Listed by the GaWC as a ...
, in 1838, to Joaquim José da França and Mariana Inácia Vitovi Garção da França. He studied in the
Colégio Pedro II
Colégio Pedro II is a traditional federal public school, located in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It is the third oldest active college in the country, after Ginásio Pernambucano and Atheneu Norte-Riograndense. The school was created ...
and at the
Faculdade de Direito da Universidade de São Paulo. Graduating in 1862, he moves to
Bahia
Bahia ( , , ; meaning "bay") is one of the 26 states of Brazil, located in the Northeast Region of the country. It is the fourth-largest Brazilian state by population (after São Paulo, Minas Gerais, and Rio de Janeiro) and the 5th-largest b ...
, where he exerces his profession for some time.
Returning to Rio de Janeiro in 1880, he entered at the
Escola Nacional de Belas Artes
Escola de Belas Artes (School of Fine Arts) is one of the centers of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro and dates back to colonial times.
A royal letter of Nov 20 1800 by John VI of Portugal established the ''Aula Prática de Desenho e Fig ...
, where he studied under guidance of
Georg Grimm. A member of the
Grimm Group, he would later abandon the painting to dedicate himself only to literature.
His plays are famous for mocking and ridicularizing the situation of Brazil during the final years of the 19th century.
He died in 1890.
Works
* ''Meia Hora de Cinismo'' (
1861
Statistically, this year is considered the end of the whale oil industry and (in replacement) the beginning of the petroleum oil industry.
Events
January–March
* January 1
** Benito Juárez captures Mexico City.
** The first stea ...
)
* ''A República-Modelo'' (
1861
Statistically, this year is considered the end of the whale oil industry and (in replacement) the beginning of the petroleum oil industry.
Events
January–March
* January 1
** Benito Juárez captures Mexico City.
** The first stea ...
)
* ''Tipos da Atualidade'' (
1862)
* ''Ingleses na Costa'' (
1864)
* ''Defeito de Família'' (
1870
Events
January–March
* January 1
** The first edition of ''The Northern Echo'' newspaper is published in Priestgate, Darlington, England.
** Plans for the Brooklyn Bridge are completed.
* January 3 – Construction of the ...
)
* ''Amor com Amor se Paga'' (
1870
Events
January–March
* January 1
** The first edition of ''The Northern Echo'' newspaper is published in Priestgate, Darlington, England.
** Plans for the Brooklyn Bridge are completed.
* January 3 – Construction of the ...
)
* ''Beijo de Judas'' (
1881
Events
January–March
* January 1– 24 – Siege of Geok Tepe: Russian troops under General Mikhail Skobelev defeat the Turkomans.
* January 13 – War of the Pacific – Battle of San Juan and Chorrillos: The ...
)
* ''Como se Fazia um Deputado'' (
1881
Events
January–March
* January 1– 24 – Siege of Geok Tepe: Russian troops under General Mikhail Skobelev defeat the Turkomans.
* January 13 – War of the Pacific – Battle of San Juan and Chorrillos: The ...
)
* ''Caiu o Ministério!'' (
1882
Events
January–March
* January 2
** The Standard Oil Trust is secretly created in the United States to control multiple corporations set up by John D. Rockefeller and his associates.
** Irish-born author Oscar Wilde arrives in t ...
)
* ''
Maldita Parentela'' (
1887
Events
January–March
* January 11 – Louis Pasteur's anti-rabies treatment is defended in the Académie Nationale de Médecine, by Dr. Joseph Grancher.
* January 20
** The United States Senate allows the Navy to lease Pearl ...
)
* ''Entrei para o Clube Jácome'' (
1887
Events
January–March
* January 11 – Louis Pasteur's anti-rabies treatment is defended in the Académie Nationale de Médecine, by Dr. Joseph Grancher.
* January 20
** The United States Senate allows the Navy to lease Pearl ...
)
* ''De Petrópolis a Paris'' (
1889
Events
January–March
* January 1
** The total solar eclipse of January 1, 1889 is seen over parts of California and Nevada.
** Paiute spiritual leader Wovoka experiences a vision, leading to the start of the Ghost Dance movement in t ...
)
* ''As Doutoras'' (
1889
Events
January–March
* January 1
** The total solar eclipse of January 1, 1889 is seen over parts of California and Nevada.
** Paiute spiritual leader Wovoka experiences a vision, leading to the start of the Ghost Dance movement in t ...
)
* ''Portugueses às Direitas'' (
1890)
External links
França Júnior's biography at the official site of the Brazilian Academy of Letters
{{DEFAULTSORT:Junior, Franca
1838 births
1890 deaths
Brazilian male dramatists and playwrights
University of São Paulo alumni
Writers from Rio de Janeiro (city)
Patrons of the Brazilian Academy of Letters
19th-century Brazilian dramatists and playwrights
19th-century Brazilian male writers