This is a list of historical capitals of China.
Four Great Ancient Capitals
There are traditionally four major historical capitals of China referred to as the "Four Great Ancient Capitals of China" (). The four are
Beijing
}
Beijing ( ; ; ), alternatively romanized as Peking ( ), is the capital of the People's Republic of China. It is the center of power and development of the country. Beijing is the world's most populous national capital city, with over 2 ...
,
Nanjing,
Luoyang and
Xi'an (
Chang'an).
List of historical capitals of China
:''Sorted in alphabetical order''
*
Acheng District
Acheng District (Manchu Language: Alcuka Hoton) is one of nine districts of the prefecture-level city of Harbin, the capital of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast China, covering part of the southeastern suburbs. The district was approved to est ...
of the city of
Harbin was the capital of the
Jin dynasty from 1115 to 1153. It was called Shangjing () or
Huining Prefecture
Huining Fu (), or Shangjing Huiningfu (), was a Fu in the Shangjing region of Northeast China. It served as the first superior capital of the Jurchen-led Jin dynasty (1115-1234) from 1122 to 1153 (and was a secondary capital after 1173). It ...
at the time. It was destroyed in 1157 and reestablished as a secondary capital in 1173.
*
Anyang
Anyang (; ) is a prefecture-level city in Henan province, China. The northernmost city in Henan, Anyang borders Puyang to the east, Hebi and Xinxiang to the south, and the provinces of Shanxi and Hebei to its west and north respectively.
It ha ...
was the capital of the
Shang dynasty (1600 BC – 1046 BC) at its peak. It was called
Yin () by the Zhou.
*
Balasagun in modern
Kyrgyzstan was the capital of the
Western Liao dynasty from 1134 to 1218.
*
Beijing
}
Beijing ( ; ; ), alternatively romanized as Peking ( ), is the capital of the People's Republic of China. It is the center of power and development of the country. Beijing is the world's most populous national capital city, with over 2 ...
(also romanized Peking), literally meaning "Northern Capital", previously also known as Beiping, was the capital of various dynasties and regional regimes, including:
::* The state of
Yan (11th century BC – 222 BC) in the
Zhou dynasty, when it was called Ji ().
::* The short-lived regional kingdom of
Yan (911–914) established by
Liu Shouguang
Liu Shouguang () (died February 16, 914) was a warlord early in the Chinese Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period who controlled Lulong (盧龍, headquartered in modern Beijing) and Yichang (義昌, headquartered in modern Cangzhou, Hebei) Circui ...
during
Five Dynasties
The Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period (), from 907 to 979, was an era of political upheaval and division in 10th-century Imperial China. Five dynastic states quickly succeeded one another in the Central Plain, and more than a dozen conc ...
period.
::* The
Liao dynasty (907–1125), when it was a secondary capital called Yanjing (). (Liao Lang is used as another name for Dadu during Yuan dynasty. The city is called Nanjing (南京, not to be confused with city in Jiangsu) in Liao dynasty due to the southerly location.)
::* The
Jurchen Jurchen may refer to:
* Jurchen people, Tungusic people who inhabited the region of Manchuria until the 17th century
** Haixi Jurchens, a grouping of the Jurchens as identified by the Chinese of the Ming Dynasty
** Jianzhou Jurchens, a grouping of ...
-led
Jin dynasty, from the 1160s to 1215, when it was called
Zhongdu ("Central Capital").
::* The
Yuan dynasty (1271–1368), when it was called Dadu () in Chinese, Daidu (direct translation from Chinese) in
Mongolian, and
Khanbaliq ("city of the
Khan
Khan may refer to:
*Khan (inn), from Persian, a caravanserai or resting-place for a travelling caravan
*Khan (surname), including a list of people with the name
*Khan (title), a royal title for a ruler in Mongol and Turkic languages and used by ...
") in
Altaic
Altaic (; also called Transeurasian) is a controversial proposed language family that would include the Turkic, Mongolic and Tungusic language families and possibly also the Japonic and Koreanic languages. Speakers of these languages are ...
, Mongolian and
Turkic languages.
Marco Polo
Marco Polo (, , ; 8 January 1324) was a Venetian merchant, explorer and writer who travelled through Asia along the Silk Road between 1271 and 1295. His travels are recorded in ''The Travels of Marco Polo'' (also known as ''Book of the Marv ...
called it Cambuluc.
::* The
Ming dynasty, from 1403 to 1644, when it was called Shuntian Prefecture () and then later simply as Jingshi ().
::* The
Qing dynasty, from 1644 to 1912.
::* The
Beiyang government
The Beiyang government (), officially the Republic of China (), sometimes spelled Peiyang Government, refers to the government of the Republic of China which sat in its capital Peking (Beijing) between 1912 and 1928. It was internationally ...
of the
Republic of China, from 1912 to 1927.
::* The
People's Republic of China since 1949.
*
Changchun
Changchun (, ; ), also romanized as Ch'angch'un, is the capital and largest city of Jilin Province, People's Republic of China. Lying in the center of the Songliao Plain, Changchun is administered as a , comprising 7 districts, 1 county and 3 c ...
was the capital of Japanese puppet state
Manchukuo during the Japanese occupation in WWII, then named
Hsinking (; Japanese: ''Shinkyō'', Mandarin: ''Xīnjīng'', literally "New Capital").
*
Chengde was the summer residence and capital of the
Qing dynasty from 1703 to 1820.
*
Chengdu
Chengdu (, ; simplified Chinese: 成都; pinyin: ''Chéngdū''; Sichuanese pronunciation: , Standard Chinese pronunciation: ), alternatively romanized as Chengtu, is a sub-provincial city which serves as the capital of the Chinese provi ...
was the capital city of various regional kingdoms in ancient China:
::*
State of Shu in
Warring States period
::*
Shu Han (AD 221–263) during the
Three Kingdoms period
::*
Kingdom of Cheng-Han during
Eastern Jin
Eastern may refer to:
Transportation
*China Eastern Airlines, a current Chinese airline based in Shanghai
* Eastern Air, former name of Zambia Skyways
*Eastern Air Lines, a defunct American airline that operated from 1926 to 1991
* Eastern Air ...
period
::*
Qiao Shu, a short-lived kingdom during
Eastern Jin
Eastern may refer to:
Transportation
*China Eastern Airlines, a current Chinese airline based in Shanghai
* Eastern Air, former name of Zambia Skyways
*Eastern Air Lines, a defunct American airline that operated from 1926 to 1991
* Eastern Air ...
period
::*The kingdom of Li Shu, a short-lived regime established by Wang Xiaobo and Li Shun during
Song dynasty
::*
Former Shu
Great Shu (Chinese: 大蜀, Pinyin: Dàshǔ) called in retrospect Former Shu (Chinese: 前蜀, Pinyin: Qiánshǔ) or occasionally Wang Shu (王蜀), was one of the Ten Kingdoms formed during the chaotic period between the rules of the Tang dynas ...
, one of
Ten Kingdoms
The Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period (), from 907 to 979, was an era of political upheaval and division in 10th-century Imperial China. Five dynastic states quickly succeeded one another in the Central Plain, and more than a dozen concu ...
between
Tang and
Song dynasties
::*
Later Shu
Shu (referred to as Later Shu () to differentiate it from other states named Shu in Chinese history), also known as Meng Shu (), was one of the Ten Kingdoms during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period in China. It was located in present- ...
, one of
Ten Kingdoms
The Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period (), from 907 to 979, was an era of political upheaval and division in 10th-century Imperial China. Five dynastic states quickly succeeded one another in the Central Plain, and more than a dozen concu ...
between
Tang and
Song dynasties
::*
Da Xi
Zhang Xianzhong (张献忠 or Chang Hsien-chung; 18 September 1606 – 2 January 1647), nickname Huanghu (literally 'Yellow Tiger'), was a Chinese peasant leader who led a peasant revolt from Yan'an wei, Shaanxi (today Yulin, Shaanxi province ...
established by
Zhang Xianzhong during the transition between
Ming and
Qing
The Qing dynasty ( ), officially the Great Qing,, was a Manchu-led imperial dynasty of China and the last orthodox dynasty in Chinese history. It emerged from the Later Jin dynasty founded by the Jianzhou Jurchens, a Tungusic-speaki ...
dynasties
::*It was also briefly the seat of the
Nationalist government of the
Republic of China in late 1949 towards the end of the
Chinese Civil War.
*
Chongqing
Chongqing ( or ; ; Sichuanese pronunciation: , Standard Mandarin pronunciation: ), alternately romanized as Chungking (), is a municipality in Southwest China. The official abbreviation of the city, "" (), was approved by the State Cou ...
was the capital city of
Ba State during
Warring States period.
Ming Yuzhen, the rebellion leader during the transition time between
Yuan and
Ming dynasties, established the Xia kingdom and set the capital city in Chongqing. Chongqing was also the provisional capital of the Nationalist government of the Republic of China during the
Second Sino-Japanese War (1937–1945), and briefly the seat of the Nationalist government in late 1949 towards the end of the Chinese Civil War.
*
Datong
Datong is a prefecture-level city in northern Shanxi Province in the People's Republic of China. It is located in the Datong Basin at an elevation of and borders Inner Mongolia to the north and west and Hebei to the east. As of the 2020 cen ...
was the capital of the
Northern Wei dynasty
Wei (), known in historiography as the Northern Wei (), Tuoba Wei (), Yuan Wei () and Later Wei (), was founded by the Tuoba (Tabgach) clan of the Xianbei. The first of the Northern dynasties, it ruled northern China from 386 to 535 during the ...
from 398 to 493.
*
Emin was briefly the capital of the
Western Liao dynasty from 1132 to 1134.
*
Fenghao
Fenghao () is the modern name of the twin city formed by the Western Zhou capitals of Feng and Hao on opposite banks of the Feng River near its confluence with the Wei River in Shaanxi, China.
History
As Duke Wen (ruled c. 1099–1050 BCE) e ...
, located near present-day
Xi'an, was the capital of the
Western Zhou dynasty
The Western Zhou ( zh, c=, p=Xīzhōu; c. 1045 BC – 771 BC) was a royal dynasty of China and the first half of the Zhou dynasty. It began when King Wu of Zhou overthrew the Shang dynasty at the Battle of Muye and ended when the Quanrong n ...
from 1046 BC to 771 BC.
*
Fuzhou was briefly the capital of the
Southern Ming dynasty
The Southern Ming (), also known as the Later Ming (), officially the Great Ming (), was an imperial dynasty of China and a series of rump states of the Ming dynasty that came into existence following the Jiashen Incident of 1644. Shun forc ...
from 1645 to 1646.
*
Guangzhou (also romanized Canton) was the capital of:
::*
Nanyue Kingdom (204–111 BC). More specifically, the Nanyue capital was in Guangzhou's
Panyu District
Panyu, alternately romanized as Punyu, is one of 11 urban districts of the prefecture-level city of Guangzhou, the capital of Guangdong Province, China. It was a separate county-level city before its incorporation into modern Guangzhou in 200 ...
.
::*
Southern Ming dynasty
The Southern Ming (), also known as the Later Ming (), officially the Great Ming (), was an imperial dynasty of China and a series of rump states of the Ming dynasty that came into existence following the Jiashen Incident of 1644. Shun forc ...
from 1646 to 1647.
::*
Nationalist government of the
Republic of China, before 1928 and in 1949 towards the end of the
Chinese Civil War.
*
Hangzhou was the capital of:
::*
Wuyue Kingdom (907–978) during the
Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period.
::*
Southern Song dynasty, from 1127 to 1276, when it was called Lin'an ().
*
Haojing was capital of
Western Zhou.
*
Kaifeng
Kaifeng () is a prefecture-level city in east-central Henan province, China. It is one of the Eight Ancient Capitals of China, having been the capital eight times in history, and is best known for having been the Chinese capital during the Nor ...
was the capital of various dynasties, including:
::* The state of
Wei (443 BC – 225 BC) in the
Zhou dynasty, when it was called Daliang.
::*
Later Liang dynasty during the
Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, from AD 913 to 923.
::*
Later Jin dynasty during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, in AD 937.
::*
Later Han dynasty (AD 947–951) during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period.
::*
Later Zhou dynasty
Zhou, known as the Later Zhou (; ) in historiography, was a short-lived Chinese imperial dynasty and the last of the Five Dynasties that controlled most of northern China during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period. Founded by Guo Wei (E ...
(AD 951–960) during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period.
::*
Northern Song dynasty
Northern may refer to the following:
Geography
* North, a point in direction
* Northern Europe, the northern part or region of Europe
* Northern Highland, a region of Wisconsin, United States
* Northern Province, Sri Lanka
* Northern Range, a ...
(960–1127), when it was called Bianjing ().
*
Karakorum
Karakorum (Khalkha Mongolian: Хархорум, ''Kharkhorum''; Mongolian Script:, ''Qaraqorum''; ) was the capital of the Mongol Empire between 1235 and 1260 and of the Northern Yuan dynasty in the 14–15th centuries. Its ruins lie in the ...
in modern
Mongolia was the capital of the
Northern Yuan dynasty from 1371 to 1388.
*
Luoyang was the capital of various dynasties, including:
::* The
Eastern Zhou dynasty, from 510 BC to 314 BC.
::* The
Eastern Han dynasty
The Han dynasty (, ; ) was an imperial dynasty of China (202 BC – 9 AD, 25–220 AD), established by Liu Bang (Emperor Gao) and ruled by the House of Liu. The dynasty was preceded by the short-lived Qin dynasty (221–207 BC) and a wa ...
from AD 25 to 190 and then briefly in AD 196.
::* The
Cao Wei (AD 220–265) during the
Three Kingdoms period.
::* The
Western Jin dynasty
Western may refer to:
Places
*Western, Nebraska, a village in the US
* Western, New York, a town in the US
* Western Creek, Tasmania, a locality in Australia
* Western Junction, Tasmania, a locality in Australia
*Western world, countries that ...
, from AD 265 to 311.
::* The
Northern Wei dynasty
Wei (), known in historiography as the Northern Wei (), Tuoba Wei (), Yuan Wei () and Later Wei (), was founded by the Tuoba (Tabgach) clan of the Xianbei. The first of the Northern dynasties, it ruled northern China from 386 to 535 during the ...
from AD 493 to 534.
::* The
Wu Zhou from AD 690 to 705.
::* The
Later Tang dynasty
Tang, known in historiography as the Later Tang, was a short-lived imperial dynasty of China and the second of the Five Dynasties during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period in Chinese history.
The first three of the Later Tang's four e ...
during the
Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, from AD 923 to 936.
::* The
Later Liang dynasty during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, from AD 907 to 913.
*
Nanjing (also romanized Nanking), literally meaning "Southern Capital", was the capital of various dynasties and governments, including:
::* All the
Six Dynasties from AD 220 to 589, when Nanjing was called Jianye () or
Jiankang (). The Six Dynasties were:
:::*
Eastern Wu during the
Three Kingdoms period, from AD 229 to 265, and then from AD 266 to 280.
:::*
Eastern Jin dynasty, from AD 317 to 420.
:::*
Liu Song dynasty (AD 420–479)
:::*
Southern Qi dynasty
Qi, known in historiography as the Southern Qi ( or ) or Xiao Qi (), was a Chinese imperial dynasty and the second of the four Southern dynasties during the Northern and Southern dynasties era. It followed the Liu Song dynasty and was succeede ...
(AD 479–502)
:::*
Liang dynasty, from AD 502 to 552, and then from AD 555 to 557.
:::*
Chen dynasty (AD 557–589)
::* The
Southern Tang dynasty (AD 937–976) during the
Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period
::* The
Ming dynasty, from 1368 to 1644, when it was also called Yingtian Prefecture ()
::* The
Southern Ming dynasty
The Southern Ming (), also known as the Later Ming (), officially the Great Ming (), was an imperial dynasty of China and a series of rump states of the Ming dynasty that came into existence following the Jiashen Incident of 1644. Shun forc ...
from 1644 to 1645.
::* The
Taiping Heavenly Kingdom (1851–1864) during the
Taiping Rebellion
The Taiping Rebellion, also known as the Taiping Civil War or the Taiping Revolution, was a massive rebellion and civil war that was waged in China between the Manchu-led Qing dynasty and the Han, Hakka-led Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. It lasted ...
in the
Qing dynasty, when it was called Tianjing ().
::* The
Nationalist government of the
Republic of China from 1928 to 1949.
::* The
Reorganized National Government of the Republic of China (1940–1945), a pro-Japanese collaborationist government headed by
Wang Jingwei
Wang Jingwei (4 May 1883 – 10 November 1944), born as Wang Zhaoming and widely known by his pen name Jingwei, was a Chinese politician. He was initially a member of the left wing of the Kuomintang, leading a government in Wuhan in oppositi ...
during the
Second Sino-Japanese War.
*
Ruijin
Ruijin () is a county-level city of Ganzhou in the mountains bordering Fujian Province in the south-eastern part of Jiangxi Province. Formerly a county, Ruijin became a county-level city on May 18, 1994.
It was an early center of Chinese commun ...
in Jiangxi was the capital of the self-declared
Chinese Soviet Republic from 1931 to 1934, the start of the
Long March
The Long March (, lit. ''Long Expedition'') was a military retreat undertaken by the Red Army of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), the forerunner of the People's Liberation Army, to evade the pursuit of the National Army of the Chinese Nat ...
.
*
Shenyang in the northern state of
Liaoning briefly served as the capital of the Qing dynasty (who referred to it as Mukden) from 1625 until
Qing takeover of Beijing in 1644.
*
Taipei in Taiwan has been the ''de facto'' capital and the seat of government of the
Republic of China since 1949.
*
Tongwancheng
Tongwancheng ( zh, t=統萬城, w=Tʻung-wan-chʻêng, p=Tǒngwànchéng) was the capital of the Xiongnu-led Hu Xia dynasty in northern China during the Sixteen Kingdoms period in the early 5th century. The city is at the southern edge of the Mao ...
was the capital of the
Hu Xia dynasty from 419 to 427.
*
Wuhan
Wuhan (, ; ; ) is the capital of Hubei Province in the People's Republic of China. It is the largest city in Hubei and the most populous city in Central China, with a population of over eleven million, the ninth-most populous Chinese city an ...
was the capital of a government formed by
Wang Jingwei
Wang Jingwei (4 May 1883 – 10 November 1944), born as Wang Zhaoming and widely known by his pen name Jingwei, was a Chinese politician. He was initially a member of the left wing of the Kuomintang, leading a government in Wuhan in oppositi ...
and leftist members of the
Kuomintang
The Kuomintang (KMT), also referred to as the Guomindang (GMD), the Nationalist Party of China (NPC) or the Chinese Nationalist Party (CNP), is a major political party in the Republic of China, initially on the Chinese mainland and in Tai ...
in 1927. It opposed the
Nationalist government led by Kuomintang leader
Chiang Kai-shek
Chiang Kai-shek (31 October 1887 – 5 April 1975), also known as Chiang Chung-cheng and Jiang Jieshi, was a Chinese Nationalist politician, revolutionary, and military leader who served as the leader of the Republic of China (ROC) from 1928 ...
.
*
Xanadu / Shangdu (), located northwest of present-day
Dolon Nor
Dolon Nor (; mn, Долоон нуур, Doloon nuur, ''seven lakes''; also: To-lun, Dolonnur), is a town and the county seat of Duolun County, Xilin Gol League in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous region, China. It is of historical importance becaus ...
in
Inner Mongolia,
China, was the
summer capital
A summer capital is a city used as an administrative capital during extended periods of particularly hot summer weather. The term is mostly of relevance in historical contexts of political systems with ruling classes that would migrate to a summe ...
of the
Yuan dynasty. After the fall of the Yuan dynasty, it briefly became the capital of the
Northern Yuan dynasty between 1368 and 1369. It was destroyed in 1369.
*
Xi'an (also romanized Sian), previously called
Chang'an, and including its surrounding areas in present-day
Shaanxi Province, was the capital of various dynasties, including:
::* The
Western Zhou dynasty
The Western Zhou ( zh, c=, p=Xīzhōu; c. 1045 BC – 771 BC) was a royal dynasty of China and the first half of the Zhou dynasty. It began when King Wu of Zhou overthrew the Shang dynasty at the Battle of Muye and ended when the Quanrong n ...
, from around 1046 BC to 771 BC. See also
Fenghao
Fenghao () is the modern name of the twin city formed by the Western Zhou capitals of Feng and Hao on opposite banks of the Feng River near its confluence with the Wei River in Shaanxi, China.
History
As Duke Wen (ruled c. 1099–1050 BCE) e ...
.
::* The state of
Qin (9th century BC – 221 BC) and the
Qin dynasty (221–206 BC). The Qin capital, called
Xianyang (), was located near present-day Xi'an. It was destroyed in 206 BC.
::* The
Western Han dynasty, from 206 BC to AD 9.
::* The
Xin dynasty (AD 9–23)
::* The
Eastern Han dynasty
The Han dynasty (, ; ) was an imperial dynasty of China (202 BC – 9 AD, 25–220 AD), established by Liu Bang (Emperor Gao) and ruled by the House of Liu. The dynasty was preceded by the short-lived Qin dynasty (221–207 BC) and a wa ...
, from AD 190 to 195.
::* The
Western Jin dynasty
Western may refer to:
Places
*Western, Nebraska, a village in the US
* Western, New York, a town in the US
* Western Creek, Tasmania, a locality in Australia
* Western Junction, Tasmania, a locality in Australia
*Western world, countries that ...
, from AD 312 to 316.
::* The state of
Former Zhao during the
Sixteen Kingdoms
The Sixteen Kingdoms (), less commonly the Sixteen States, was a chaotic period in Chinese history from AD 304 to 439 when northern China fragmented into a series of short-lived dynastic states. The majority of these states were founded by ...
period, from AD 318 to 329.
::* The State of
Former Qin during the Sixteen Kingdoms period, from AD 351 to 385.
::* The State of
Later Qin during the Sixteen Kingdoms period, from AD 384 to 417.
::* The
Western Wei dynasty (AD 535–557)
::* The
Northern Zhou dynasty
Zhou (), known in historiography as the Northern Zhou (), was a Xianbei-led dynasty of China that lasted from 557 to 581. One of the Northern dynasties of China's Northern and Southern dynasties period, it succeeded the Western Wei dynasty an ...
(AD 557–581)
::* The
Sui dynasty, from AD 581 to 605.
::* The
Tang dynasty, from AD 618 to 684, and then from AD 705 to 904.
*
Ye, located within the present-day city of
Handan, was one of secondary capital cities of
Cao Wei (220-265), and the capital city of several regional kingdoms during
Eastern Jin
Eastern may refer to:
Transportation
*China Eastern Airlines, a current Chinese airline based in Shanghai
* Eastern Air, former name of Zambia Skyways
*Eastern Air Lines, a defunct American airline that operated from 1926 to 1991
* Eastern Air ...
period:
Later Zhao
The Later Zhao (; 319–351) was a dynasty of the Sixteen Kingdoms in northern China. It was founded by the Shi family of the Jie ethnicity. The Jie were most likely a Yeniseian people and spoke next to Chinese one of the Yeniseian languages.Vo ...
(319-351),
Ran Wei
Wei ( zh, 魏; 350–352), known as Ran Wei () in Chinese historiography, was a short-lived state established by Ran Min. In 350, Ran Wei usurped the Later Zhao state in the city of Ye and declared himself emperor of Wei. In 352, Ran Wei was d ...
(350-352) and
Former Yan (337-370). It was also the capital city of two major dynasties in
Southern and Northern dynasties
The Northern and Southern dynasties () was a period of political division in the history of China that lasted from 420 to 589, following the tumultuous era of the Sixteen Kingdoms and the Eastern Jin dynasty. It is sometimes considered as ...
period:
Eastern Wei dynasty (534-550), and the
Northern Qi dynasty
Qi, known as the Northern Qi (), Later Qi (後齊) or Gao Qi (高齊) in historiography, was a Chinese imperial dynasty and one of the Northern dynasties during the Northern and Southern dynasties era. It ruled the eastern part of northern China ...
(550–577).
*
Yinchuan was the capital of the
Western Xia from 1038 to 1227, when it was called Xingqing ().
*
Yingchang
Yingchang () was one of the important cities in the Yuan dynasty. It was situated on Lake Taal Nor in modern Heshigten Banner, Inner Mongolia, China.
The city of Yingchang was built by the Khongirad Mongols in 1271, the same year that Kublai (E ...
was briefly the capital of the
Northern Yuan dynasty from 1369 to 1370.
*
Zhaoge Zhaoge () was the last of a series of cities that served as capital of the Shang dynasty, and later capital of State of Wey (衛國). It is located in current Qi County, Hebi, Henan about 50 km south of Anyang.
See also
*Yinxu
Yinxu (modern ; ...
was the secondary capital city during last years of
Shang dynasty when it was ruled by
King Zhou
King Zhou (; ) was the pejorative posthumous name given to Di Xin of Shang () or King Shou of Shang (), the last king of the Shang dynasty of ancient China. He is also called Zhou Xin (). In Chinese, his name Zhòu ( 紂) also refers to a horse cr ...
. Later, it was the capital city of
Wey during the
Eastern Zhou
The Eastern Zhou (; zh, c=, p=Dōngzhōu, w=Tung1-chou1, t= ; 771–256 BC) was a royal dynasty of China and the second half of the Zhou dynasty. It was divided into two periods: the Spring and Autumn and the Warring States.
History
In 7 ...
period.
*
Zhaoqing
Zhaoqing (), alternately romanized as Shiuhing, is a prefecture-level city in Guangdong Province, China. As of the 2020 census, its population was 4,113,594, with 1,553,109 living in the built-up (or metro) area made of Duanzhou, Dinghu ...
was the capital of the
Southern Ming dynasty
The Southern Ming (), also known as the Later Ming (), officially the Great Ming (), was an imperial dynasty of China and a series of rump states of the Ming dynasty that came into existence following the Jiashen Incident of 1644. Shun forc ...
from 1646 to 1662.
Chronology
See also
*
List of the current and former capitals of the subdivisions of China
*
Chinese palace
A Chinese palace is an imperial complex where the court, civil government, royal garden and defensive fortress resided. Its structures are considerable and elaborate. The Chinese character ''gong'' (宮; meaning "palace") represents two connected ...
*
Dynasties in Chinese history
References
{{DEFAULTSORT:Historical Capitals Of China
China